Bluff Your Way in the Second Law of Thermodynamics

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B - Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics

Volumn 32, Issue 3, 2001, Pages 305-394

  Uffink, Jos ^a  

^a UTRECHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Arrow of Time; Irreversibility; Second Law; Thermodynamics; Time Reversal Non Invariance

Indexed keywords

EID: 0042528280     PISSN: 13552198     EISSN: 18792502     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1355-2198(01)00016-8     Document Type: Article

References (114)

1. Arnold, V. (1990) 'Contact Geometry: The Geometrical Method of Gibbs' Thermodynamics', in D. Caldi and G. Mostow (eds), Proceedings of the Gibbs Symposium (Providence: American Mathematical Society), pp. 163-179.
2. Becker, R. (1967) Theorie der Wärme (Berlin: Springer).
3. Bergmann P., Lebowitz J. New Approach to Non-Equilibrium Processes. Physical Review. 99:1955;578-587.
4. Bernstein B. Proof of Carathéodory's Local Theorem and its Global Application to Thermostatics. Journal of Mathematical Physics. 1:1960;222-224.
5. Bertrand, J. (1887) Thermodynamique (Paris: Gauthier-Villars).
6. Boltzmann, L. (1872) 'Weitere Studien über das Wärmegleichgewicht unter Gasmolekülen', in F. Hasenöhrl (ed.), Wissenschaftliche Abhandlungen (New York: Chelsea Publishing Company, 1968).
7. Born, M. (1921) 'Kritische Betrachtungen zur traditionellen Darstellung der Thermodynamik', Physikalische Zeitschrift 22, 218-224, 249-254, 282-286.
8. Boyling J. Carathéodory's Principle and the Existence of Global Integrating Factors. Communications in Mathematical Physics. 10:1968;52-68.
9. Boyling, J. (1972) 'An Axiomatic Approach to Classical Thermodynamics', Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 329, 35-72.
10. Bridgman, P. (1941) The Nature of Thermodynamics (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press). Reprinted (Gloucester, MA: Peter Smith, 1969).
11. Brush, S. (1976) The Kind of Motion We Call Heat (Amsterdam: North-Holland).
12. Bryan G. Report of a Committee, Consisting of Messrs J. Larmor and G. H. Bryan, on the Present State of Our Knowledge of Thermodynamics, Especially With Regard to the Second Law. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. 61:1891;85-122.
13. Bryan, G. (1904) 'The Law of Degradation of Energy as the Fundamental Principle of Thermodynamics', in S. Meyer (ed.), Festschrift Ludwig Boltzmann gewidmet zum sechzigsten Geburtstage 20. Februar 1904 (Leipzig: J. A. Barth), pp. 123-136.
14. Buchdahl, H. (1966) The Concepts of Classical Thermodynamics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
15. Callen, H. (1960) Thermodynamics (New York: John Wiley and Sons).
16. Callendar, H. (1911) 'The Caloric Theory of Heat and Carnot's Principle', Proceedings of the Physical Society of London 23, 153-189.
17. Carathéodory, C. (1909) 'Untersuchungen über die Grundlagen der Thermodynamik', Mathematische Annalen 67, 355-386. English translation by J. Kestin, in Kestin (ed.) (1976), pp. 229-256. This translation is not quite accurate.
18. Carathéodory, C. (1925) 'Über die Bestimmung der Energie und der absoluten Temperatur mit Hilfe von reversiblen Prozessen', Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, pp. 39-47.
19. Clausius, R. (1850) 'Ueber die bewegende Kraft der Wärme und die Gesetze die sich daraus für die Wärmelehre selbst ableiten lassen', in Clausius ( 1864 a), pp. 16-78. English translation by W. F. Magie, in Mendoza (1960) , pp. 63-107.
20. Clausius, R. (1862) 'Ueber die Anwendung des Satzes von der Aequivalenz der Verwandlungen auf die innere Arbeit', in Clausius (1864a), pp. 242-279. English translation Philosophical Magazine 24, 81-97, 201-213; also in Kestin (1976) , pp. 133-161.
21. Clausius, R. (1862) 'Ueber die Anwendung des Satzes von der Aequivalenz der Verwandlungen auf die innere Arbeit', in Clausius (1864a), pp. 242-279. English translation Philosophical Magazine 24, 81-97, 201-213; also in Kestin (1976) , pp. 133-161.
22. Clausius, R. (1864a) Abhandlungungen über die mechanische Wärmetheorie, Vol. 1 (Braunschweig: F. Vieweg).
23. Clausius, R. (1864b) 'Ueber die Concentration von Wärme- und Lichtstrahlen und die Gränzen ihrer Wirkung', in Clausius (1864a), pp. 322-361.
24. Clausius, R. (1865) 'Ueber verschiedene für die Anwendung bequeme Formen der Hauptgleichungen der mechanischen Wärmetheorie', in Clausius (1867). English translation by R. B. Lindsay, in Kestin (ed.) (1976), pp. 162-193.
25. Clausius, R. (1867) Abhandlungungen über die mechanische Wärmetheorie, Vol. 2 (Braunschweig: F. Vieweg).
26. Clausius, R. (1876) Die mechanische Wärmetheorie (Braunschweig: F. Vieweg).
27. Davies, E. B. (1976) Quantum Theory of Open Systems (London: Academic Press).
28. Davies, P. (1974) The Physics of Time Asymmetry (London: Surrey University Press).
29. de Groot, S. (1951) Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processes (Amsterdam: North-Holland).
30. Denbigh K. The Many Faces of Irreversibility. British Journal for Philosophy of Science. 40:1989;501-518.
31. Dieks D. Special Relativity and the Flow of Time. Philosophy of Science. 55:1988;456-460.
32. Earman J. Irreversibility and Temporal Asymmetry. Journal of Philosophy. 64:1967;543-549.
33. Eddington, A. (1935) The Nature of the Physical World (London: J.M. Dent & Sons).
34. Einstein, A. (1948) 'Autobiographical Notes', in P. A. Schilpp (ed.), Albert Einstein, Philosopher-Scientist (La Salle: Open Court), p. 33.
35. Ehrenfest-Afanassjewa, T. (1925) 'Zur Axiomatisierung des zweiten Hauptsatzes der Thermodynamik', Zeitschrift für Physik 33, 933-945; 34, 638.
36. Ehrenfest-Afanassjewa, T. (1956) Grundlagen der Thermodynamik (Leiden: E. J. Brill).
37. Ehrenfest, P. (1916) 'On Adiabatic Changes of a System in Connection with the Quantum Theory', Proceedings of the Amsterdam Academy 24, 576-597.
38. Ehrenfest-Afanassjewa, T. (1959) 'Preface to the Translation', in P. Ehrenfest and T. Ehrenfest-Afanassjewa, The Conceptual Foundations of the Statistical Approach in Mechanics (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press), pp. viii-x. Reprinted (New York: Dover, 1990).
39. Falk, G. and Jung, H. (1959) 'Axiomatik der Thermodynamik', in S. Flügge (ed.), Handbuch der Physik, Vol. III/2 (Berlin: Springer).
40. Garber, E., Brush, S. G., and Everitt, C. W. F. (eds). (1995) Maxwell on Heat and Statistical Mechanics (Bethlehem: Lehigh University Press).
41. Gibbs, J. (1906) The Scientific Papers of J. Willard Gibbs. Vol. 1: Thermodynamics (London: Longmans). Reprinted (Woodbridge, CT: Ox Bow Press, 1993).
42. Giles, R. (1964) Mathematical Foundations of Thermodynamics (Oxford: Pergamon).
43. Grünbaum, A. (1967) 'The Anisotropy of Time', in T. Gold (ed.), The Nature of Time (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press).
44. Hatsopoulos, J., and Keenan, G. (1965) Principles of General Thermodynamics (New York: John Wiley).
45. Helmholtz, H. von (1847) Über die Erhaltung der Kraft (Berlin: G. Reimer).
46. Hollinger, H. and Zenzen, M. (1985) The Nature of Irreversibility (Dordrecht: D. Reidel).
47. Hornix, W. (1993) 'Wat Stelt de Tweede Hoofdwet van de Thermodynamica?' (unpublished manuscript).
48. Horwich, P. (1987) Asymmetries in Time (Cambridge MA: MIT Press).
49. Hutchison K. Der Ursprung der Entropiefunktion bei Rankine und Clausius. Annals of Science. 30:1973;341-364.
50. Jauch J. On a New Foundation of Equilibrium Thermodynamics. Foundations of Physics. 2:1972;327-332.
51. Jauch J. Analytical Thermodynamics. Part 1. Thermostatics - General Theory. Foundations of Physics. 5:1975;111-132.
52. Kelvin (1851a) 'Manuscript Notes for "On the Dynamical Theory of Heat"', reprinted in Archives of the History of the Exact Sciences 16, 281-282.
53. Kelvin (1851b) 'On the Dynamical Theory of Heat. Parts I-III', in Kelvin (1882), pp. 174-210; and partly in Kestin (1976) .
54. Kelvin (1852) 'On a Universal Tendency in Nature to the Dissipation of Mechanical Energy', in Kelvin (1882), pp. 511-514; and in Kestin (1976) .
55. Kelvin (1854) 'On the Dynamical Theory of Heat. Part VI', in Kelvin (1882), pp. 232-291.
56. Kelvin (1882) Mathematical and Physical Papers, Vol. I (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
57. Kestin, J. (ed). (1976) The Second Law of Thermodynamics (Stroudsburg, PA: Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross).
58. Khinchin, A. (1949) Mathematical Foundations of Statistical Mechanics (New York: Dover).
59. Klein M. Thermodynamics in Einstein's Thought. Science. 157:1967;509-516.
60. Klein M. Gibbs on Clausius. Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences. 1:1969;127-149.
61. Kroes, P. (1985) Time: Its Structure and Role in Physical Theories (Dordrecht: D. Reidel).
62. Kuhn, T. (1978) Black-Body Theory and the Quantum Discontinuity, 1894-1912 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press).
63. Landauer R. Irreversibility and Heat Generation in the Computing Process. IBM Journal of Research and Development. 3:1961;183-191.
64. Landsberg P. Foundations of Thermodynamics. Review of Modern Physics. 28:1956;363-393.
65. Landsberg P. A Deduction of Carathéodory's Principle from Kelvin's Principle. Nature. 201:1964;485-486.
66. Landsberg, P. (1984) The Enigma of Time (Bristol: Hilger).
67. Lavenda, B. (1978) Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processes (London: Macmillan). Reprinted (New York: Dover, 1993).
68. Lieb, E., and Yngvason, J. (1999) 'The Physics and Mathematics of the Second Law of Thermodynamics', Physics Reports 310, 1-96; erratum 314 (1999), 669; cond-mat/9708200.
69. Lieb, E., and Yngvason, J. (1999) 'The Physics and Mathematics of the Second Law of Thermodynamics', Physics Reports 310, 1-96; erratum 314 (1999), 669; cond-mat/9708200.
70. Lindblad, G. (1983) Non-Equilibrium Entropy and Irreversibility (Dordrecht: Reidel).
71. Mach, E. (1923) Die Principien der Wärmelehre historisch-kritisch entwickelt, 4th edn (Leipzig: J. A. Barth).
72. Mackey, M. (1992) Time's Arrow: The Origins of Thermodynamic Behavior (New York: Springer).
73. Marvan, M. (1966) Negative Absolute Temperatures (London: Iliffe Books).
74. Maxwell, J. (1890a) 'On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances', in: W. D. Niven (ed.), Scientific Papers, Vol. 2 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), pp. 498-500.
75. Maxwell, J. (1890b) 'Tait's Thermodynamics', in: W. D. Niven (ed.), Scientific Papers, Vol. 2 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), pp. 660-671.
76. Maxwell, J. (1890c) 'Diffusion', in: W. D. Niven (ed.), Scientific Papers, Vol. 2 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), pp. 625-646.
77. Meixner, J. (1970) 'On the Foundations of Thermodynamics of Processes', in B. Gal-Or, E.B. Stuart and A. Brainard (eds), A Critical Review of Thermodynamics (Baltimore: Mono Book Corp.), pp. 37-47. Also in Kestin (1976) , pp. 313-323.
78. Mendoza, E. (1960) Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire by Sadi Carnot and Other Papers on the Second Law of Thermodynamics by É. Clapeyron and R. Clausius (New York: Dover).
79. Muller, F. (1992) 'Worldlines Are Growing!' (unpublished manuscript).
80. Orr W.M. On Clausius' Theorem for Irreversible Cycles and on the Increase of Entropy. London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine. 8:1904;509-527.
81. Pippard, A. (1966) Elements of Classical Thermodynamics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
82. Planck, M. (1897) Vorlesungen über Thermodynamik (Leipzig: Veit & Comp.).
83. Planck, M. (1905a) 'On Clausius' Theorem for Irreversible Cycles and on the Increase of Entropy', in Physikalische Abhandlungen und Vorträge, Vol. 2 (Braunschweig: F. Vieweg, 1958).
84. Planck, M. (1905b) Vorlesungen über Thermodynamik, 2nd edn (Leipzig: Veit & Comp.).
85. Planck, M. (1926) 'Über die Begründung des zweiten Hauptsatzes der Thermodynamik', Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, pp. 453-463.
86. Planck, M. (1945) Treatise on Thermodynamics (New York: Dover). Translated by A. Ogg from the 7th German edition.
87. Planck, M. (1948) Wissenschaftliche Selbstbiographie (Leipzig: J. A. Barth).
88. Price, H. (1996) Time's Arrow and Archimedes' Point (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
89. Prigogine, I. (1955) Introduction to the Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processes (New York: Interscience).
90. Prigogine, I. (1980) From Being to Becoming (San Francisco: W. H. Freeman).
91. Ramsey N. Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics at Negative Absolute Temperatures. Physical Review. 103:1956;20.
92. Rankine W. On the Reconcentration of the Mechanical Energy of the Universe. Philosophical Magazine. 4:1852;358.
93. Reichenbach, H. (1956) The Direction of Time (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press).
94. Ridderbos T.M., andRedhead M.L.G. The Spin-Echo Experiments and the Second Law of Thermodynamics. Foundations of Physics. 28:1998;1237-1270.
95. Russell, C. A. (1981) Science and Belief: From Darwin to Einstein. Vol. 3: Time, Chance and Thermodynamics (Milton Keynes: Open University Press).
96. Savitt, S. (1995) Time's Arrows Today (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
97. Sklar, L. (1974) Space, Time, and Spacetime (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press).
98. Sklar L. Up and Down, Left and Right, Past and Future. Noûs. 15:1981;111-129.
99. Sklar, L. (1993) Physics and Chance (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
100. Smith, C., and Wise, M. N. (1989) Energy and Empire: A Biographical Study of Lord Kelvin (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
101. Snow, C. (1959) The Two Cultures and A Second Look (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press); 2nd expanded edn 1964.
102. Sommerfeld, A. (1952) Vorlesungen über Theoretische Physik. Band 5: Thermodynamik and Statistik (Wiesbaden: Dieterich'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung).
103. Thomsen, J., and Hartka, T. (1962) 'Strange Carnot Cycles; Thermodynamics of Systems with Density Extremum', American Journal of Physics, pp. 26-33 and 388.
104. Tribus, M., and McIntire, E. (1971) 'Energy and Information, Scientific American, pp. 179-184.
105. Truesdell, C. (1968) Essays in the History of Mechanics (New York: Springer).
106. Truesdell, C. (1980) The Tragicomical History of Thermodynamics 1822-1854 (New York: Springer).
107. Truesdell, C. (1986) 'What Did Gibbs and Carathéodory Leave Us About Thermodynamics?', in J. Serrin (ed.), New Perspectives in Thermodynamics (Berlin: Springer), pp. 101-123.
108. Truesdell, C., and Baharatha, S. (1977) The Concepts and Logic of Classical Thermodynamics as a Theory of Heat Engines, Rigorously Constructed upon the Foundation Laid by S. Carnot and F. Reech, 1822-1854 (New York: Springer).
109. Uhlenbeck, G. E., and Ford, G. W. (1963) Lectures in Statistical Mechanics (Providence: American Mathematical Society).
110. Van der Waals, J. and Kohnstamm, P. (1927) Lehrbuch der Thermostatik (Leipzig: J. A. Barth).
111. Yourgrau, W. and Mandelstam, S. (1955) Variational Principles in Dynamics and Quantum Theory (London: Pitman).
112. Yourgrau, W., Van der Merwe, A. and Raw, G. (1966) Treatise on Irreversible Thermophysics (New York: Macmillan).
113. Zeh, D. (1992) The Physical Basis of the Direction of Time, 2nd edn (Berlin: Springer).
114. Zemansky, M. (1937) Heat and Thermodynamics (New York: McGraw-Hill).