Noma: A forgotten disease

Dental Clinics of North America

Volumn 47, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 559-574

  Berthold, Peter ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT;

ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; BACTERIUM IDENTIFICATION; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLINICAL RESEARCH; COMORBIDITY; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; ELECTROLYTE DISTURBANCE; FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT; HEALTH STATUS; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; INFECTION PREVENTION; INFECTION RATE; INFECTION RISK; LOWEST INCOME GROUP; MALNUTRITION; NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT; PATHOGENESIS; PLASTIC SURGERY; POVERTY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; REHYDRATION; REVIEW; SALIVATION; STOMATITIS; TREATMENT PLANNING; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION; AFRICA; CHILD; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; INCIDENCE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PROTEIN CALORIE MALNUTRITION; VINCENT STOMATITIS;

AFRICA; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; GINGIVITIS, NECROTIZING ULCERATIVE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; NOMA; POVERTY; PROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITION; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION;

EID: 0042512409     PISSN: 00118532     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0011-8532(03)00020-X     Document Type: Review

References (54)

1. Barmes D.E., Enwonwu C.O., Leclercq M.H., Bourgeois D., Falkler W.A. Editorial: the need for action against oro-facial gangrene (noma). Trop Med Int Health. 2:(12):1997;1111-1114
2. Bourgeois D.M., Diallo B., Frieh C., Leclercq M.H. Epidemiology of the incidence of oro-facial noma: a study of cases in Dakar, Senegal, 1981-1993. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 61:(6):1999;909-913
3. Tempest M.N. Cancrum oris. Br J Surg. 53:(11):1966;949-969
4. Dawson J. Cancrum oris. Br Dent J. 79:(6):1945;11
5. Emslie R.D. Cancrum oris. Dent Pract. 13:(11):1963;481-495
6. Enwonwu C.O. Epidemiological and biochemical studies of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and noma (cancrum oris) in Nigerian children. Archs Oral Biol. 17:1972;1357-1371
7. Melnick S.L., Roseman J.M., Engel D., Cogen R.B. Epidemiology of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. Epidemiol Rev. 10:1988;191-211
8. Enwonwu C.O., Falkler W.A. Jr., Idigbe E.O. Oro-facial gangrene (noma/cancrum oris). Pathogenetic mechanisms. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 11:(2):2000;159-171
9. Tapsoba H. Epidemiology of noma in the year 2000: a worldwide geographical distribution. Report to: WHO, Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health, Action Programme Against Noma Geneva, Switzerland; 2002.
10. Rotbart H.A., Levin M.J., Jones J.F., Hayward A.R., Allan J., McLane M.F., et al. Noma in children with severe combined immunodeficiency. J Pediatr. 109:1986;596-600
11. Muzyka B., Glick M. HIV infection and necrotizing stomatitis. Gen Dent. 42:1994;66-68
12. Chidzonga M.M. Noma (cancrum oris) in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients: report of eight cases. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 54:(9):1996;1056-1060
13. Evans L.M., Lane H., Jones M.K. Cancrum oris in a Caucasian male with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med. 18:2001;246-248
14. Mayorca A., Hazime N., Dekeister C., Paoli J.R. Necrotizing stomatitis after radiotherapy in a patient with AIDS. Case report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 60:2002;100-101
15. Barrios T.J., Aria A.A., Brahney C. Cancrum oris in an HIV-positive patient. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 53:1995;851-855
16. Mamadou S., Kaka M., Montavon C., Noman Y., Maty M., Delaporte E., et al. A propos d'une association VIH et noma au Niger. Bull Soc Patho Exot. 2:2002;76
17. Ki-Zerbo G.A., Guigma Y. Noma et infection a VIH: a propos d'une observation au centre hospitalier national de bobo-dioulasso (Burkina Faso). Odontostomatol Trop. 96:2001;26-29
18. Olasoji H.O., Tahir A., Adesina O.A. Noma in a Nigerian adult. Trop Doct. 32:2002;179-180
19. Ndiaye F.C., Bourgeois D., Leclercq M.H., Berthe O. Noma: public health problem in Senegal and epidemiological surveillance. Oral Dis. 5:1999;163-166
20. Enwonwu C.O., Falkler W.A. Jr., Idigbe E.O., Savage K.O. Noma (cancrum oris): questions and answers. Oral Dis. 5:1999;144-149
21. Stingl V.P. Noma in Afrika. Fortschr Med. 8:2000;34
22. Arendorf T.M., Bredekamp B., Cloete C.A., Joshipura K. Seasonal variation of acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis in South Africans. Oral Dis. 7:2001;150-154
23. Kaimenyi J.T. Demography and seasonal variation of acute necrotising gingivitis in Nairobi, Kenya. Int Dent J. 49:1999;347-351
24. Ghosal S.P., Sen Guta P.C., Mukherjee A.K., Choudhury M., Dutta N., Sarkar A.K. Noma neonatorum: its aetiopathogenesis. Lancet. 2:1978;289-290
25. Juster-Reicher A., Mogilner B.M., Levi G., Flidel O., Amitai M. Neonatal noma. Am J Perinatol. 10:(6):1993;409-411
26. Freeman A.F., Mancini A.J., Yogev R. Is noma neonatorum a presentation of ecthyma gangrenosum in the newborn? Pediatr Infect Dis J. 21:(1):2002;83-85
27. Gilani J.H., Asghar A.H., Khan A. Cancrum oris in a patient with leukemia. The Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Pakistan. 12:(7):2002;448-451. Available at: www.cpsp.edu.pk/jcpsp/archieve/jul2002/ page448.htm. Accessed 12/18/02
28. Agnew R.G. Cancrum oris. J Periodontol. 18:1947;22-23
29. Adolph H.P., Yugueros P., Woods J.E. Noma: a review. Ann Plast Surg. 37:(6):1996;657-668
30. Jelliffe D.B. Infective gangrene of the mouth (cancrum oris). Paediatrics. 9:1952;544-550
31. Oginni F.O., Oginni A.O., Ugboko V.I., Otuyemi O.D. A survey of cases of cancrum oris seen in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Int J Paediatr Dent. 9:1999;75-80
32. The World Development Report 2000/2001/2002. Available at: http://www.worldbank.org, Accessed 12/30/02.
33. Millenium Development Goals: Malnutrition and Hunger, 2002. Available at: http://www.developmentgoals.org/poverty.htm. Accessed 12/30/02.
34. Hobdell M.H. Think globally, act locally. J Can Dent Assoc. 66:(3):2000;142-143
35. Hobdell M.H. Economic globalization and oral health. Oral Dis. 7:2001;137-143
36. Obiechina A.E., Arotiba J.T., Fasola A.O. CANCRUM ORIS (NOMA): Level of education and occupation of parents of affected children in Nigeria. Odontostomatol Trop. 90:2002;11-14
37. Idigbe E.O., Enwonwu C.O., Falkler W.A., Ibrahim M.M., Onwujekwe D., Afolabi B.M., et al. Living conditions of children at risk for noma: Nigerian experience. Oral Dis. 5:1999;156-162
38. Enwonwu C.O. Infectious oral necrosis (cancrum oris) in Nigerian children: a review. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 13:1985;190-194
39. Sheiham A. An epidemiological survey of acute ulcerative gingivitis in Nigerians. Archs Oral Biol. 11:1966;937-942
40. Taiwo J.O. Oral hygiene status and necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis in Nigerian children. J Periodontol. 63:1993;1071-1074
41. Contreras A., Falkler W.A. Jr., Enwonwu C.O., Idigbe E.O., Savage K.O., Afolabi M.B., et al. Human Herpesviridae in acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis in children in Nigeria. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 12:1997;259-265
42. Enwonwu C.O. Noma: a neglected scourge of children in sub-Saharan Africa. Bull World Health Organ. 73:1995;541-545
43. Ruben M.P., Miller M. Noma: its association with nutritional deprivation and physical debilitation. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Path. 18:(2):1964;167-175
44. Enwonwu C.O., Falkler W.A. Jr., Idigbe E.O., Afolabi B.M., Ibrahim M., Onwujekwe D., et al. Pathogenesis of cancrum oris (noma): confounding interactions of malnutrition with infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 60:(2):1999;223-232
45. Enwonwu C.O., Phillips R.S., Falkler W.A. Nutrition and oral infectious diseases: state of the science. Compendium. 23:(5):2002;431-448
46. Osuji O.O. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and cancrum oris (noma) in Ibadan, Nigeria. J Periodontol. 61:(12):1990;769-772
47. Falkler W.A., Enwonwu C.O., Idigbe E.O. Isolation of Fusobacterium necrophorum from cancrum oris (noma). Am J Trop Med Hyg. 60:(1):1999;150-156
48. Hicken F., Eldridge R.B. Acute myelogenous leukemia complicated by noma and streptococcal dermatitis. Am J Dis Child. 50:1935;1455-1464
49. Eckstein A. Noma. Am J Dis Child. 59:1940;219-237
50. Falkler W.A., Enwonwu C.O., Idigbe E.O. Microbiological understandings and mysteries of noma (cancrum oris). Oral Dis. 5:1999;150-155
51. Paster B.J., Falkler W.A. Jr., Enwonwu C.O., Idigbe E.O., Savage K.O., Levanos V.A., et al. Prevalent bacterial species and novel phylotypes in advanced noma lesions. J Clin Microbiol. 40:(6):2002;2187-2191
52. MacDonald J.B. On the pathogenesis of mixed anaerobic infections of mucous membranes. Ann R Coll Surg. 31:1962;361-378
53. Trudeau M. The socio-cultural perspective of the noma disease in Niger. Report to: WHO Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health, Action Programme Against Noma 1999. Geneva, Switzerland.
54. Marck K.W., de Bruijn H.P. Surgical treatment of noma. Oral Dis. 5:1999;167-171