How do humans acquire knowledge? and what does that imply about the nature of knowledge?

Science and Education

Volumn 9, Issue 6, 2000, Pages 577-598

  Lawson, Anton E ^a  

^a ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0042505150     PISSN: 09267220     EISSN: 15731901     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1008756715517     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Alcock, J.: 1996, 'Provisional Rejection of Three Alternative Hypotheses on the Maintenance of a Size Dichotomy in Males of Dawson's Burrowing Bee', Amegilla dawsoni. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 39, 181-188.
2. Biela, A.: 1993, Psychology of Analogical Inference, Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany.
3. Bruner, J.: 1962, On Knowing: Essays for the Left Hand, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
4. Chamberlain, T. C.: 1965, 'The Method of Multiple Working Hypotheses', Science 148, 754-759. (Original work published 1897)
5. Cohen, M. R. & Nagel, E.: 1934, An Introduction to Logic and Scientific Method, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London.
6. Diamond, A.: 1990, 'The Development and Neural Bases of Inhibitory Control in Reaching in Human Infants and Infant Monkeys', in A. Diamond (ed.), The Development and Neural Basis of Higher Cognitive Functions, Academy of Sciences, New York.
7. Dreistadt, R.: 1968, 'An Analysis of the Use of Analogies and Metaphors in Science', Journal of Psychology 68, 97-116.
8. Driver, R., Asoko, H., Leach, J., Mortimer, L. & Scott, P.: 1994, 'Constructing Scientific Knowledge in the Classroom', Educational Researcher 23, 5-12.
9. Elementary Science Study: 1974, Teachers' Guide for Attribute Games and Problems, McGraw-Hill, New York.
10. Eysenck, H. J.: 1994, 'The Measurement of Creativity', in M. A. Boden (ed.), Dimensions of Creativity, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
11. Finke, R. A., Ward, T. B. & Smith, S. M.: 1992, Creative Cognition: Theory, Research and Applications, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
12. Fosnot, C. T. (ed.): 1996, Constructivism: Theory, Perspectives, and Practice, Teachers College Press, New York.
13. Gardner, H.: 1994, 'The Creator's Patterns', in M. A. Boden (ed.), Dimensions of Creativity, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
14. Centner, D.: 1989, 'The Mechanisms of Analogical Learning', in S. Vosniadou & A. Ortony (eds), Similarity and Analogical Reasoning, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
15. Hebb, D. O.: 1949, The Organization of Behavior, Wiley, New York.
16. Hempel, C.: 1966, Philosophy of Natural Science, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
17. Hestenes, D.: 1992, 'Modeling Games in a Newtonian World', American Journal of Physics 55, 440-4154.
18. Huffman, R. R.: 1980, 'Metaphor in Science', in P. R. Honeck & R. R. Huffman (eds), The Psycholinguistics of Figurative Language, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
19. Hofstadter, D. R.: 1981, 'Metamagical Themas: How Might Analogy, the Core of Human Thinking, be Understood by Computers?', Scientific American 249, 18-29.
20. Holland, J. H., Holyoak, K. J., Nisbett, R. E. & Thagard, P. R.: 1986, Induction: Processes of Inference, Learning, and Discovery, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. (see especially Chapter 11)
21. Hwang, A. S.: 1996, 'Positivist and Constructivist Persuasions in Instructional Development', Instructional Science 24, 343-356.
22. Johnson, M.: 1987, The Body in the Mind, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.
23. Koestler, A.: 1964, The Act of Creation, Hutchinson, London.
24. Lambin, X.: 1997, 'Home Range Shifts by Breeding Female Townsend's Voles (Microtus townsendii): A Test of the Territory Bequeathal Hypothesis', Behavioral Biology and Sociobiology 40, 363-372.
25. Latour, B. & Woolgar, S.: 1979, Laboratory Life: The Construction of Scientific Facts, Sage, London.
26. Latour, B. & Woolgar, S.: 1986, Laboratory Life: The Construction of Scientific Facts, 2nd edition, Sage, London.
27. Lawson, A. E.: 1991, 'Exploring Growth (and Mitosis) Through a Learning Cycle', The American Biology Teacher 53(2), 107-110.
28. Lawson, A. E.: 1992, 'The Development of Reasoning Among College Biology Students - A Review of Research', Journal of College Science Teaching 21(6), 338-344.
29. Lawson, A. E.: 1993, 'Deductive Reasoning, Brain Maturation, and Science Concept Acquisition: Are they Linked?', Journal of Research in Science Teaching 30(9), 1029-1052.
30. Lawson, A. E.: 1995, Science Teaching and the Development of Thinking, Wadsworth, Belmont, CA.
31. Lawson, A. E., McElrath, C. B., Burton, M. S., James, B. D., Doyle, R. P., Woodward, S. L., Kellerman, L. & Snyder, J. D.: 1991, 'Hypothetico-Deductive Reasoning and Concept Acquisition: Testing a Constructivist Hypothesis', Journal of Research in Science Teaching 28(10), 953-970.
32. Lewis, R. W.: 1988, 'Biology: A Hypothetico-Deductive Science', The American Biology Teacher 50(6), 362-367.
33. Levine, M.: 1975, A Cognitive Theory of Learning: Research on Hypothesis Testing, Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
34. Matthews, M.: 1994, Science Teaching: The Role of the History and Philosophy of Science, Routledge, New York.
35. Matthews, M.: 1998, 'In Defense of Modest Goals When Teaching about the Nature of Science', Journal of Research in Science Teaching 35(2), 161-174.
36. Medawar, P. B.: 1969, Induction and Intuition in Scientific Thought, American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, PA.
37. Medawar, P.: 1990, The Threat and the Glory: Reflections on Science and Scientists, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
38. Mishkin, M. & Appenzeller, T.: 1987, 'The Anatomy of Memory', Scientific American 256(6), 8089.
39. Muehter, V. R., Greene, E. & Ratcliffe, L.: 1997, 'Delayed Plumage in Lazuli Buntings: Tests of the Female Mimicry and Status Signaling Hypotheses', Behavioral Biology and Sociobiology 41, 281-290.
40. Osborne, J. E.: 1996, 'Beyond Constructivism', Science Education 80(1), 53-82.
41. Piaget, J.: 1954, The Construction of Reality in the Child, Basic Books, New York.
42. Platt, J. R.: 1964, 'Strong Inference', Science 146, 347-353.
43. Popper, K. R.: 1959, The Logic of Scientific Discovery, Basic Books, New York.
44. Popper, K. R.: 1965, Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge, Basic Books, New York.
45. Salmon, M. FL: 1995, Introduction to Logic and Critical Thinking, 3rd edition, Harcourt Brace, Fort Worth, TX.
46. Slezak, P.: 1994a, 'Sociology of Scientific Knowledge and Scientific Education: Part I', Science & Education 3, 265-294.
47. Slezak, P.: 1994b, 'Sociology of Scientific Knowledge and Scientific Education Part II: Laboratory Eife Under the Microscope', Science & Education 3, 329-355.
48. Staver, J. R.: 1998, 'Constructivism: Sound Theory of Explicating the Practice of Science and Science Teaching', Journal of Research in Science Teaching 35(5), 501-520.
49. Wandersee, J. FL, Mintzes, J. J. & Novak, J. D.: 1994, 'Research on Alternative Conceptions in Science', in D. Gabel (ed.), Handbook on Research in Science Teaching and Learning, MacMillan, New York.
50. Wong, E. D.: 1993, 'Self-Generated Analogies as a Tool for Constructing and Evaluating Explanations of Scientific Phenomena', Journal of Research in Science Teaching 30(4), 367-380.