Terrain analysis using radar shape-from-shading

IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence

Volumn 25, Issue 8, 2003, Pages 974-992

  Bors, Adrian G ^a   Hancock, Edwin R ^a   Wilson, Richard C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF YORK   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Maximum a posteriori probability estimation; Robust statistics; Shape from shading; Synthetic aperture radar imagining; Terrain surface reconstruction

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHMS; MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATION; RADAR IMAGING;

TOPOGRAPHY;

SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR;

EID: 0042472991     PISSN: 01628828     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TPAMI.2003.1217602     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. J. Geophysical Research-Planets, special Magellan Issue, vol. 97, nos. 8 and 10, Aug./Sept. 1992.
2. M.I. Skolnik, Radar Hanbook. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1970.
3. F.T. Ulaby, R.K. Moore, and A.K. Fung, Microwave Remote Sensing: Active and Passive, Microwave Remote Sensing Fundamentals and Radiometry, vol. 1, Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1981.
4. R.L. Wildey, "Topography from Single Radar Images," Science, vol. 224, no. 4645, pp. 153-156, 1984.
5. J. Thomas, W. Kober, and F. Leberl, "Multiple Image SAR Shape-from-Shading," Photogrammetric Eng. and Remote Sensing, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 51-59, Jan. 1991.
6. T. Hagfors and W. Kofman, "Mapping of Overspread Targets in Radar Astronomy," Radio Science, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 403-416, 1991.
7. T. Bayer, R. Winter, and G. Schreier, "Terrain Influences in SAR Backscatter and Attempts to Their Correction," IEEE Trans. Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 451-462, May 1991.
8. D.J. Goering, H. Chen, L.D. Hinzman, and D.L. Kane, "Removal of Terrain Effects from SAR Satellite Imagery of Arctic Tundra," IEEE Trans. Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 185-194, Jan. 1995.
9. W.G. Carrara, R.S. Goodman, and R.M. Majewski, Spotlight Synthetic Aperture Radar Signal Processing Algorithms. Artech House, 1995.
10. A.F.C. Haldemann and D.O. Muhleman, "Circular-Polarization Radar Properties of High-Altitude Ice: Western Kunlun Shan and Central Andes," J. Geophysical Research - Planets, vol. 104, no. E10, pp. 24075-24094, Oct. 1999.
11. R.T. Frankot and R. Chellappa, "Estimation of Surface Topography from SAR Imagery Using Shape from Shading Techniques," Artificial Intelligence, vol. 43, pp. 271-310, 1990.
12. B. Guindon, "Development of a Shape-from-Shading Technique for the Extraction of Topographic Models from Individual Spaceborn SAR Images," IEEE Trans. Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 654-661, July 1990.
13. P. Fua, "Fast, Accurate and Consistent Modeling of Drainage and Surrounding Terrain," Int'l J. Computer Vision, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 215-234, 1998.
14. R. Bolter and A. Pinz, "3D Exploitation of SAR Images," Proc. Machine Vision and Advanced Image Processing in Remote Sensing Workshop, pp. 160-169, May 1998.
15. R. Caves, S. Quegan, and R. White, "Quantitative Comparison of the Performance of SAR Segmentation Algorithms," IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 7, no. 11, pp. 1534-1546, Nov. 1998.
16. D.N. Ostrov, "Boundary Conditions and Fast Algorithms for Surface Reconstructions from Synthetic Aperture Radar Data," IEEE Trans. Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 335-346, Jan. 1999.
17. A.G. Bors, E.R. Hancock, and R.C. Wilson, "A Bayesian Framework for Radar Shape-from-Shading," Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. I, pp. 262-268, June 2000.
18. K. Ikeuchi and B.K.P. Horn, "Numerical Shape from Shading and Occluding Boundaries," Artificial Intelligence, vol. 17, pp. 141-184, 1981.
19. B.K.P. Horn and M.J. Brooks, "The Variational Approach to Shape from Shading," Computer Vision, Graphics, Image Processing, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 174-208, 1986.
20. P.L. Worthington and E.R. Hancock, "New Constraints on Data-Closeness and Needle Map Consistency for Shape-from-Shading," IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 21, no. 12, pp. 1250-1267, Dec. 1999.
21. J. Oliensis and P. Dupuis, "An Optimal Control Formulation and Related Numerical Methods for a Problem in Shape Reconstruction," Ann. Application Probability, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 287-346, 1994.
22. R. Kimmel and A.M. Bruckstein, "Tracking Level-Sets by Level-Sets: A Method for Solving the Shape from Shading Problem," Computer Vision and Image Understanding, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 47-58, 1995.
23. R. Zhang, P.-S. Tsai, J.E. Cryer, and M. Shah, "Shape from Shading: A Survey," IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 21, no. 8, pp. 690-706, Aug. 1999.
24. S. Paquerault, H. Maitre, and J.-M. Nicolas, "Radarclinometry for ERS-1 Data Mapping," Proc. IEEE Int'l Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symp., vol. I, pp. 503-505, Apr. 1996.
25. J. Chorowicz, T. Rouis, J.-P. Rudant, and S. Manoussis, "Computer Aided Recognition of Relief Patterns on Radar Images Using a Syntax Analysis," Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 64, pp. 221-233, 1998.
26. R. Kimmel, K. Siddiqi, B.B. Kimia, and A.M. Bruckstein, "Shape-from-Shading - Level Set Propagation and Viscosity Solutions," Int'l J. Computer Vision, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 107-133, 1995.
27. Q. Zheng and R. Chellappa, "Estimation of Illuminant Direction, Albedo, and Shape from Shading," IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 13, no. 7, pp. 680-702, July 1991.
28. A.C. Bovik, "On Detecting Eges in Speckle Imagery," IEEE Trans. Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, vol. 36, no. 10, pp. 1618-1627, Oct. 1988.
29. C.J. Oliver, D. Blacknell, and R.G. White, "Optimum Edge Detection in SAR," IEE Proc. - Radar, Sonar, Navigation, vol. 143, no. 1, pp. 31-40, Feb. 1996.
30. R. Fjortoft, P. Marthon, A. Lopes, and E. Cubero-Castan, "Multi-edge Detection in SAR Images," Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. Acoust. Speech and Sig. Proc., vol 4, pp. 2761-2764, Apr. 1997.
31. R.R. Zito, "The Shape of SAR Histograms," Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing, vol. 43, pp. 281-293, 1988.
32. R. Bolter, M. Gelautz, and F. Leberl, "SAR Speckle Simulation, " Int'l Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, vol. 21, pp. 20-25, 1996.
33. A.N. Evans, N.G. Sharp, and E.R. Hancock, "Noise Models for Linear Feature Detection in SAR Images," Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. Image Processing, vol 1, pp. 466-470, Nov. 1994.
34. R. Touzi, A. Lopes, and P. Bousquet, "A Statistical and Geometrical Edge Detector for SAR Images," IEEE Trans. Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 764-773, Nov. 1988.
35. M. Beauchemin, K.P.B. Thomson, and G. Edwards, "On Nonparametric Edge Detection in Multilook SAR Images," IEEE Trans. Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 1826-1829, Sept. 1998.
36. R.N. Czerwinski, D.L. Jones, and W.D. O'Brien Jr., "Line and Boundary Detection in Speckle Images," IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 7, no. 12, pp. 1700-1713, Dec. 1998.
37. M. Datcu, K. Seidel, and M. Walessa, "Spatial Information Retrieval from Remote-Sensing Images - Part I: Information Theoretical Perspective," IEEE Trans. Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 1431-1445, Sept. 1998.
38. S. Geman and D. Geman, "Stochastic Relaxation, Gibbs Distributions, and the Bayesian Restoration of Images," IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 721-741, Nov. 1984.
39. G. Seber, Multivariate Observations. New York: John Wiley, 1986.
40. I. Pitas and A.N. Venetsanopoulos, Nonlinear Digital Filters: Principles and Applications. Norwell, Mass.: Kluwer Academic, 1990.
41. A.G. Bors and I. Pitas, "Median Radial Basis Function Neural Network," IEEE Trans. Neural Network, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 1351-1364, Nov. 1996.
42. J. Astola, P. Haavisto, and Y. Neuvo, "Vector Median Filters," Proc. IEEE, vol. 78, no. 4, pp. 678-689, 1990.
43. A.G. Bors and E.R. Hancock, "Recovering Height Information from SAR Images of Terrain," Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. Image Processing, vol. 2, pp. 477-480, Sept. 2002.
44. M. Bichsel and A. Pentland, "A Simple Algorithm for Shape from Shading," Proc. IEEE Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 459-465, 1992.
45. J.R.A. Torreao, "Bayesian Shape Estimation: Shape-from-Shading and Photometric Stereo Revisited," Machine Vision and Applications, vol. 8, pp. 163-172, 1995.
46. R.C. Wilson and E.R. Hancock, "Bias-Variance Analysis for Controlling Adaptive Surface Meshes," Computer Vision and Image Understanding, vol. 77, pp. 25-47, Jan. 2000.
47. G. Lohman, Volumetric Image Analysis. J. Wiley-Teubner, 1998.
48. A. Papoulis, Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes. second ed., McGraw-Hill, 1984.
49. M. Abramowitz and I.A. Stegun, Handbook of Math. functions. New York: Dover, 1972.
50. W.H. Press, S.A. Teukolsky, W.T. Vetterling, and B.P. Flannery, Numerical Recipies in C. second ed., Cambridge Univ. Press, 1992.
51. P. Huber, Robust Statistics. Willey, 1981.
52. D.C. Ghilglia and M.D. Pitt, Two-Dimensional Phase Unwrapping: Theory, Algorithms, and Software. New York: John Wiley, 1998.
53. Markov Random Fields: Theory and Application, R. Chellappa and A.K. Jain, eds. Academic Press, 1993.
54. E.R. Hancock and J. Kittler, "Adaptive Estimation of Hysteresis Thresholds," Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 196-201, June 1991.
55. A. Lopes, E. Nezry, R. Touzi, and H. Laur, "Structure Detection and Statistical Adaptive Speckle Filtering in SAR Images," Int'l J. Remote Sensing, vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 1735-1758, 1993.
56. S.A. Kassam, Signal Detection in Non-Gaussian Noise. Springer-Verlag, 1988.
57. J. Sera, Image Analysis and Math. Morphology. New York: Academic Press, 1982.
58. J.J. Koenderink and A.J. van Doorn, "Surface Shape and Curvature Scales," Image and Vision Computing, vol. 10, pp. 557-565, 1992.