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Volumn 42, Issue 28, 2003, Pages 3257-3260

Alternatives to phosgene and carbon monoxide: Synthesis of symmetric urea derivatives with carbon dioxide in ionic liquids

Author keywords

Amines; Carbon dioxide; Carbonylation; Green chemistry; Ionic liquids

Indexed keywords

CATALYSTS; CESIUM COMPOUNDS; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL); UREA;

EID: 0042267239     PISSN: 14337851     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/anie.200351098     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (262)

References (57)
  • 49
    • 0000034575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • b) P. Wasserscheild, W. Keim, Angew. Chem. 2000, 112, 3926; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2000, 39, 3772;
    • (2000) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , vol.39 , pp. 3772
  • 55
    • 0242626227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 is as follows. 2 ml (or 2 g) of amine, 3 ml of ionic liquid and 0.05 g of base were put into an autoclave (100 ml) with a magnetic stirring bar. Carbon dioxide (60 atm, purity > 99 %) was introduced into the reactor, and the reaction was stirred and heated at 170°C for 4-36 h. Water (10 mL) was added into the resulting reaction mixture, and the desired resulted product precipitated out. The solid product was recovered by filtration, washing and drying. Ionic liquid containing CsOH could also be recovered and reused after the filtrate was distillated to remove water. All products were qualitatively analyzed with a HP 6890/5973 GC-MS and quantitatively analyzed with HP 1790GC (flame ion detector).
    • (1996) Inorg. Chem. , vol.35 , pp. 1168
    • Bonhote, P.1    Dias, A.P.2    Papageorgiou, N.3    Kalyanasundaram, K.4    Grätzel, M.5
  • 56
    • 0042490407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • When using CsOH/CMImCl, a foamy mixture resulted that could not be separated effectively, although the conversion of cyclohexylamine was analyzed by GC and found to be > 95 %.
  • 57
    • 0042490408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The by-products formed in the reactions were only carbamic salts, which readily dissolved in water.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.