"The Ghosts I Called I Can't Get Rid of Now": The Keynes-Tinbergen-Friedman-Phillips Critique of Keynesian Macroeconometrics

History of Political Economy

Volumn 30, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 51-94

  Leeson, Robert ^a  

^a MURDOCH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0042083908     PISSN: 00182702     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1215/00182702-30-1-51     Document Type: Article

References (229)

1. Ackley, G. 1961. Macroeconomic Theory. New York: Collier Macmillan.
2. Allais, M. 1992. The Passion for Research. In Szenberg 1992.
3. Ando, A., and F. Modigliani. 1965. Velocity and the Investment Multipliers. American Economic Review 55.4 (September): 693-728.
4. Arrow, K. 1960. The Work of Ragnar Frisch, Econometrician. Econometrica 28.2 (April): 173-92.
5. _. 1978. Jacob Marschak's Contributions to the Economics of Decision and Information. American Economic Association Papers and Proceedings 68.2 (May): xiii-xiv.
6. Basmann, R. L. 1972. The Brookings Quarterly Econometric Models: Science or Number Mysticism? In Brunner 1972.
7. Bateman, B. W. 1990. Keynes, Induction, and Econometrics. HOPE 22.2:359-79.
8. Bjerkholt, O. 1995. Ragnar Frisch, Editor of Econometrica 1933-1954. Econometrica 65.4 (July): 755-65.
9. Blaug, M. 1980. The Methodology of Economics or How Economists Explain. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
10. _. 1985. Great Economists since Keynes. England: Harvester.
11. Bodkin, R. G., L. R. Klein, and K. Marwah. 1988. Keynes and the Origins of Macroeconometric Modelling. In Hamouda and Smithin 1988.
12. Bordo, M., ed. 1989. Essays in Honour of Anna J. Schwartz. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
13. Brainard, W. C., and R. N. Cooper. 1975. Empirical Monetary Economics: What Have We Learned in the Last 25 Years? American Economic Association Papers and Proceedings 65.2 (May): 167-75.
14. Breit, W., and R. Ransom. 1971. The Academic Scribblers. New York: CBS Publishers.
15. Breit W., and R. Spencer, eds. 1988. Lives of the Laureates. Cambridge: MIT Press.
16. Brunner, K., ed. 1972. Problems and Issues in Current Econometric Practice. Columbus: Ohio State University Press.
17. Brunner, K., and A. H. Meltzer, eds. 1976. The Phillips Curve and Labor Markets, vol. 1. Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy. Amsterdam: North Holland.
18. _, eds. 1977. Stabilisation of the Domestic and International Economy. Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy. Amsterdam: North Holland.
19. Butterfield, H. 1957. The Origins of Modern Science, 1300-1800. London: G. Bell.
20. Cagan, P. 1989. Money-Income Causality: A Critical Review of the Literature since the "Monetary History." In Bordo 1989.
21. Carabelli, A. M. 1988. On Keynes's Method. London: Macmillan.
22. Christ, C. 1952. History of the Cowles Commission. 1932-52. In Econometric Theory and Evidence. A Twenty Year Research Report. Chicago: Cowles Commission, University of Chicago.
23. _. 1985. Early Progress in Estimating Quantitative Economic Relationships in America. American Economic Review 75:39-52.
24. Colander, D. 1989. The Invisible Hand of Truth. In Colander and Coats 1989.
25. Colander, D., and A. W. Coats, eds. 1989. The Spread of Economic Ideas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
26. Colander, D., and A. Klamer. 1987. The Making of an Economist Journal of Economic Perspectives 1.2 (Fall): 95-111.
27. Cooley, T. F., and F. LeRoy. 1981. Identification and Estimation of Money Demand. American Economic Review 71 (September): 825-44.
28. Court, R. 1998. The Lucas Critique: Did Phillips Make a Comparable Contribution? In Leeson 1998.
29. Cowles, A. 1960. Ragnar Frisch. Econometrica 28.2 (April): 173-74.
30. Graver, E., and A. Leijonhufvud. 1987. Economists in America: The Continental Influence. HOPE 19.2:173-82.
31. Darnell, A. C. 1984. Economic Statistics and Econometrics. In Economic Analysis in Historical Perspecive, ed. D. P. O'Brien and J. Greedy. London: Butterworth.
32. Darnell, A. C., and J. L. Evans. 1990. The Limits of Econometrics. Aldershot: Edward Elgar.
33. Davis, T. E. 1952. The Consumption Function as a Tool for Prediction. Review of Economics and Statistics 34:270-77.
34. De Marchi, N., ed. 1988. The Popperian Legacy in Economics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
35. De Marchi, N., and C. L. Gilbert, eds. 1989. History and Methodology of Econometrics. Oxford Economic Papers 41.1 (January): 1-282.
36. de Prano, M., and T. Mayer. 1965. Autonomous Expenditures and Money. American Economic Review 55.4 (September): 729-52.
37. Desai, M. 1981. Testing Monetarism. London: Frances Pinter.
38. Dharmapala, D. 1993. On the History and Methodology of Econometrics. Journal of Economic Surveys 7:85-103.
39. Dow, C. 1967. The Management of the British Economy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
40. Dyson, F. 1979. Disturbing the Universe. New York: Harper and Row.
41. Eisner, R. 1958a. On Growth Models and the Neoclassical Resurgence. Economic Journal 67.272 (December): 707-21.
42. _. 1958b. The Permanent Income Hypothesis: Comment. American Economic Review 48.5 (December): 972-90.
43. Eltis W. A., M. Fg. Scott, and J. N. Wolfe, eds. 1970. Induction, Growth and Trade: Essays in Honour of Sir Roy Harrod. Oxford: Clarendon.
44. Epstein, R. 1987. A History of Econometrics. Amsterdam: North Holland.
45. Farrell, M. J. 1959. The New Theories of the Consumption Function. Economic Journal 69.276 (December): 678-96.
46. Frazer, W. 1988. Power and Ideas: Milton Friedman and the Big U-Turn. Gainesville, Fla.: Gulf/Atlantis.
47. Friedman, M. 1940. Review of "Business Cycles in the United States." American Economic Review 30.4:657-60.
48. _. 1943. Methods of Predicting the Onset of Inflation. In Shoup, Friedman, and Mack 1943.
49. _. 1948a. A Monetary and Fiscal Framework for Economic Stability. American Economic Review 38 (June): 245-64.
50. _. 1948b. Review of "Cycles: The Science of Prediction." Journal of the American Statistical Association 43:139-41.
51. _. 1949. Rejoinder. American Economic Review 39.5 (September): 949-55.
52. _. 1950. Wesley C. Mitchell as an Economic Theorist. Journal of Political Economy 57.6 (December): 465-93.
53. _. 1951. comment on "A Test of an Econometric Model for the United States 1921-47" by Carl Christ. In Conference on Business Cycles. New York: National Bureau of Economic Research.
54. _. 1952. Comment. In Haley 1952.
55. _. 1953. Essays in Positive Economics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
56. _. 1955a. Comment. Review of Economics and Statistics 37:401-6.
57. _. 1955b. Leon Walras and His Economic System. American Economic Review 45.5 (December): 900-909.
58. _. 1957. A Theory of the Consumption Function. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
59. _. 1958. The Permanent Income Hypothesis: A Comment. American Economic Review 48.5 (December): 990-91.
60. _. 1962. Capitalism and Freedom. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
61. _. 1963. The Present State of Monetary Theory. Economic Studies Quarterly 14.1:1-15.
62. _. 1967. Value Judgements in Economics. In Hook 1967.
63. _. 1970. A Theoretical Framework for Monetary Analysis. Journal of Political Economy 78 (March-April): 193-238.
64. _. 1974. Schools at Chicago. University of Chicago Magazine (August): 11-16.
65. _. 1975. Discussion. American Economic Association Papers and Proceedings 65:176-79.
66. _. 1981. Taxation, Inflation, and the Role of Government. Sydney: The Centre for Independent Studies.
67. _. 1988a. Milton Friedman. In Breit and Spencer 1988.
68. _. 1988b. Money and the Stock Market. Journal of Political Economy 96.2:222-45.
69. _. 1991. Old Wine in New Bottles. Economic Journal 101.404:33-40.
70. _. 1993. Letter to Robert Leeson. 2 November.
71. _. 1995. Letter to Robert Leeson. 18 April.
72. _, ed. 1956. Studies in the Quantity Theory of Money. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
73. Friedman, M., and G. Becker. 1957. A Statistical Illusion in Judging Keynesian Models. Journal of Political Economy 65:64-75.
74. Friedman, M., and S. Kuznets. 1945. Income from Independent Professional Practice. New York: National Bureau of Economic Research.
75. Friedman, M., and D. Meiselman. 1963. The Relative Stability of Monetary Velocity and the Investment Multiplier in the United States, 1897-1958. In Stabilization Policies: Commission on Money and Credit. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall.
76. _. 1965. Reply to Ando and Modigliani and to De Prano and Mayer. American Economic Review 55.4 (September): 753-85.
77. Friedman, M., and A. Schwartz. 1963. A Monetary History of the United States. New York: National Bureau of Economic Research.
78. _. 1991. Alternative Approaches to Analysing Economic Data. American Economic Review 81.1:39-50.
79. Friedman, R. 1976. Milton Friedman - Husband and Colleague (3). Oriental Economist (July): 17-23.
80. _. 1977. Milton Friedman - Husband and Colleague (12). Oriental Economist (August): 20-24.
81. Frisch, R. 1970. Econometrics in the World of Today. In Eltis, Scott, and Wolfe 1970.
82. Galbraith, J. K. 1987. A History of Economics: The Past as the Present. London: Hamish Hamilton.
83. Gayer, A., ed. 1937. Lessons of Monetary Experience: Essays in Honour of I. Fischer. New York: Rinehart.
84. Gilbert, C. L. 1991. Richard Stone, Demand Theory and the Emergence of Modern Econometrics. Economic Journal 101.405:288-302.
85. Gill, R. T., ed. 1976. Great Debates in Economics. Pacific Palisades, Calif.: Goodyear.
86. Goldsmith, R. W. 1955. A Study of Savings in the United States, I. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
87. Goodhart, C. 1982. Monetary Trends in the United States and the United Kingdom: A Critical Review. Journal of Economic Literature 20 (December): 1540-51.
88. Gordon, L. 1949. Libertarians at Bay. American Economic Review 39.5:976-78.
89. Gordon, R. A. 1949. Business Cycles in the Inter-War Period: The "Quantitative-Historical" Approach. American Economic Association Papers and Proceedings 39.3:47-72.
90. Gordon, R. J. 1987. Macroeconomics. Boston: Little, Brown.
91. Granger, C. W. J. 1981. Comparisons of Time Series and Economic Forecasting Strategies. In Kmenta and Ramsey 1981.
92. Granger, C. W. J., and P. Newbold. 1974. Spurious Regression in Econometrics. Journal of Econometrics 2.2:111-20.
93. Haberler, G. 1949. Current Issues in Business Cycles: Discussion. American Economic Association Papers and Proceedings 39.3 (May): 84-88.
94. _. 1961. Inflation: Its Causes and Cures. Washington: American Enterprise Association.
95. Halberstam, D. 1972. The Best and the Brightest. New York: Random House.
96. Haley, B. F., ed. 1952. A Survey of Contemporary Economics, vol. 2. Homewood, Ill.: Richard D. Irwin.
97. Hamouda, O. F., and J. N. Smithin, eds. 1988. Keynes and Public Policy after Fifty Years. Vol. 2, Theories and Methods. Aldershot: Edward Elgar.
98. Harris, S. E., ed. 1947. The New Economics. New York: Dobson.
99. Harrod, R. 1949. Wesley C. Mitchell in Oxford. Economic Journal 50 (September): 459-60.
100. _. 1951. The Life of John Maynard Keynes. London: Macmillan.
101. Hendry, D. 1980. Econometrics: Alchemy or Science? Economica 47 (November): 388-406.
102. Hendry, D., and K. Wallis, eds. 1984. Econometrics and Quantitative Economics. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
103. Hester, D. 1964. Keynes and the Quantity Theory: Comment on Friedman and Meiselman CMC Paper. Review of Economics and Statistics 46 (November): 364-68.
104. Hildreth, C. 1986. The Cowles Commission in Chicago, 1939-55. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
105. Hook, S. S., ed. 1967. Human Values and Economic Policy. New York: New York University Press.
106. Houthakker, H. S. 1958a. The Permanent Income Hypothesis: A Review Article. American Economic Review 48.3 (June): 396-404.
107. _. 1958b. The Permanent Income Hypothesis: Reply. American Economic Review 48.5 (December): 991-93.
108. Intrilligator, M. D., ed. 1977. Frontiers of Quantitative Economics, vol. B. Amsterdam: North Holland.
109. Johnson, E., and H. G. Johnson. 1978. The Shadow of Keynes. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
110. Keuzenkamp, H. A. 1991. A Precursor to Muth: Tinbergen's 1932 Model of Rational Expectations. Economic Journal 101 (September): 1245-53.
111. Keynes, J. M. 1924. Alfred Marshall 1842-1924. Economic Journal 34.135 (September): 311-72.
112. _. 1930. A Treatise on Money, vol. 2. London: Macmillan.
113. _. 1936a. The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. London: Macmillan.
114. _. 1936b. W. S. Jevons 1835-82: A Centenary Allocution on His Life and Work as an Economist and Statistician. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society 99:516-55.
115. _. 1937. The Theory of the Rate of Interest. In Gayer 1937.
116. _. 1938a. Obituary: George Broomhall 1857-1938. Economic Journal 48 (September): 576-78.
117. _. 1938b. Review of "The Development of the Graphical Representation of Statistical Data" by Gray Funkhouser. Economic Journal 48 (June): 281-83.
118. _. 1939. Professor Tinbergen's Method. Economic Journal 49 (September): 558-68.
119. _. 1940. Comment. Economic Journal 50 (March): 154-56.
120. _. 1946. The Balance of Payments of the United States. Economic Journal 56 (June): 172-87.
121. _. 1971-89. The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes. 30 vols. Edited by D. Moggridge. London: Macmillan. (CW)
122. Klamer, A., D. McCloskey, and R. Solow, eds. 1988. The Consequences of Economic Rhetoric. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
123. Klant, J. 1985. The Slippery Transition. In Lawson and Pesaran 1985.
124. Klein, L. 1946. A Post Mortem on Transitional Predictions of National Product. Journal of Political Economy 54 (August): 289-308.
125. _. 1947. The Use of Econometric Models as a Guide to Economic Policy. Econometrica 15 (April): 111-51.
126. _. 1951. The Life of J. M. Keynes. Journal of Political Economy 59 (October): 443-51.
127. _. 1971a. An Essay on the Theory of Economic Prediction. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
128. _. 1971b. Whither Econometrics? Journal of the American Statistical Association 66 (June): 415-21.
129. _. 1978. Jacob Marschak 1898-1977. International Statistical Review 46:326.
130. _. 1992. My Professional Life Philosophy. In Szenberg 1992.
131. Klein, L., and A. Goldberger. 1955. An Econometric Model of the United States: 1929-52. Amsterdam: North Holland.
132. Kmenta, J., and J. Ramsey, eds. 1981. Large-Scale Macroeconometrics Models. Amsterdam: North Holland.
133. Koestler, A. 1959. The Sleepwalkers: A History of Man's Changing Vision of the Universe. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin.
134. Koopmans, T. C. 1947. Measurement without Theory. Review of Economics and Statistics 29 (August): 161-72.
135. _. 1949. The Econometrics Approach to Business Fluctuations. American Economic Review 39 (May): 64-72.
136. _. 1957. Three Essays on the State of Economic Science. New York: McGraw-Hill.
137. _. 1978. Jacob Marschak, 1989-1977. American Economic Association Papers and Proceedings 68 (May): xi-xii.
138. Kuenne, R. E., ed. 1967. Monopolistic Competition Theory: Studies in Impact: Essays in Honour of E. H. Chamberlain. New York: John Wiley.
139. Kuznets, S. 1942. Uses of National Income in Peace and War. National Bureau of Economic Research, Occasional Paper no. 6.
140. Laidler, D. 1985. Monetary Policy in Britain: Successes and Shortcomings. Oxford Review of Economic Policy 1.1:35-43.
141. Lange, O. 1944. Price Flexibility and Employment. Cowles Commission Monograph no. 8. Bloomington, Ind.: Principia.
142. Lawson, T., and H. Pesaran, eds. 1985. Keynes' Economics: Methodological Issues. Sydney: Croom Helm.
143. Learner, E. E. 1983. Let's Take the Con out of Econometrics. American Economic Review 73.1 (March): 31-43.
144. Leeson, R. 1997a. Does the Expectations Trap Render the Natural-Rate Model Invalid in the Disinflationary Zone? Cambridge Journal of Economics 21.1 (January): 95-102.
145. _. 1997b. The Eclipse of the Goal of Zero Inflation. HOPE 29.3:445-96.
146. _. 1997c. The Political Economy of the Inflation-Unemployment Trade-Off. HOPE 29.1:117-56.
147. _. 1997d. The Trade-Off Interpretation of Phillips' Dynamic Stabilization Exercise. Economica 64 (February): 155-71.
148. _, ed. 1998. A. W. H. Phillips: Collected Works in Contemporary Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
149. Lekachman, R., ed. 1964. Keynes' General Theory: Report of Three Decades. London: Macmillan.
150. Leontief, W. 1971. Theoretical Assumptions and Non Observable Facts. American Economic Review 61.1 (March): 1-7.
151. Lipsey, R. G. 1966. An Introduction to Positive Economics. 2d ed. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
152. _. 1981. The Understanding and Control of Inflation: Is There a Crisis in Macro-economics? Canadian Journal of Economics 17.4 (November): 545-76.
153. Little, I. 1982. Economic Development: Theory Policy and International Relations. New York: Basic Books.
154. 2T). Complete notes. Privately held by Max Steuer (LSE).
155. Lucas, R. 1976. Econometric Policy Evaluation: A Critique. In Brunner and Meltzer 1976.
156. _. 1977. Understanding Business Cycles. In Brunner and Meltzer 1976.
157. Lucas, R., and T. Sargent. 1978. After Keynesian Macroeconomics. In After the Phillips Curve: The Persistence of High Inflation and Unemployment. Conference Series no. 19. Boston: Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
158. Magnus, J. R., and M. Morgan. 1987. The ET Interview: Professor J. Tinbergen. Econometric Theory 3:117-42.
159. Malinvaud, E. 1988. Econometric Methodology at the Cowles Commission: Rise and Maturity. Econometric Theory 4:187-209.
160. _. 1991. Review of "The History of Econometric Ideas" by Mary Morgan. Economic Journal 101.406:634-36.
161. McCloskey, D. N. 1986. The Rhetoric of Economics. Brighton: Wheatsheaf.
162. Meier, G. M., and D. Seers, eds. 1984. Pioneers in Development. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
163. Morgan, M. S. 1990. The History of Econometric Ideas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
164. Neff, P. 1949a. Professor Friedman's Proposal: A Comment. American Economic Review 39.5 (September): 946-49.
165. _. 1949b. Final Comment. American Economic Review 39.5 (September): 955-56.
166. O'Donnell, R. 1992. New Light on Keynes' Views of Mathematics, Economics and Econometrics. Mimeo.
167. Ormerod, P. 1994. The Death of Economics. London: Faber and Faber.
168. Pagan, A. 1984. Model Evaluation by Variable Addition. In Hendry and Wallis 1984.
169. _. 1987. Three Econometrics Methodologies: A Critical Appraisal. Journal of Economic Surveys 1.1:3-24.
170. Patinkin, D. 1969. The Chicago Tradition, the Quantity Theory and Friedman. Journal of Money Credit and Banking 1 (February): 46-70.
171. _. 1976. Keynes and Econometrics: On the Interaction between the Macroeconomic Revolutions of Inter-War Period. Econometrica 44.6 (November): 1091-123.
172. Patinkin, D., and J. C. Heath, eds. 1977. Keynes, Cambridge and "The General Theory." London: Macmillan.
173. Pesaran, H., and R. Smith. 1985. Keynes on Econometrics. In Lawson and Pesaran 1985.
174. Phelps Brown, H. 1972. The Underdevelopment of Economics. Economic Journal 82.325 (March): 1-10.
175. Phillips, A. W. H. 1958. The Relationship between Unemployment and the Rate of Change of Money Wage Rates in the United Kingdom, 1861-1957. Economica 25 (November): 283-99.
176. _. 1968. Models for the Control of Economic Fluctuations. In Scientific Growth Systems, Mathematical Model Building in Economics and Industry. Philips Archives, LSE Library London Griffin.
177. _. Papers. London School of Economics Library.
178. Poole, W., and E. B. F. Kornblith. 1973. The Friedman-Meiselman CMC Paper: New Evidence on an Old Controversy. American Economic Review 63.5 (December): 908-17.
179. Reder, M. W. 1982. Chicago Economics: Permanence and Change. Journal of Economic Literature 20 (March): 1-38.
180. Rima, I. H. 1988. Keynes' Vision and Econometric Analysis. In Hamouda and Smithin 1988.
181. Rivlin, A. M. 1987. Economics and the Political Process. American Economic Review 77.1 (March): 1-10.
182. Robinson, A. 1947. John Maynard Keynes. Economic Journal 57 (March): 1-68.
183. _. 1972. John Maynard Keynes: Economist, Author and Statesman. Economic Journal 82.326 (June): 531-46.
184. _. 1992. My Apprenticeship as an Economist. In Szenberg 1992.
185. Rowley, J. C. R., and D. A. Wilton. 1973. Quarterly Models of Wage Determination: New Efficient Estimates. American Economic Review 68.3 (June): 380-89.
186. Samuelson, P. 1946. Lord Keynes and the General Theory. Econometrica 14.3 (July): 187-200.
187. _. 1947. Foundations of Economic Analysis. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
188. _. 1967. The Monopolistic Competition Revolution. In Kuenne 1967.
189. _. 1973. Monetarism Objectively Evaluated. In Gill 1976.
190. _. 1976. Alvin Hansen as a Creative Theorist. Quarterly Journal of Economics 60.1:24-31.
191. _. 1977. Discussion. In Patinkin and Heath 1977.
192. _. 1988. Paul Samuelson. In Breit and Spencer 1988.
193. _. 1992. My Life Philosophy: Policy Credos and Working Ways. In Szenberg 1992.
194. Schumpeter, J. A. 1933. The Common Sense of Econometrics. Econometrica 1.1:5-12.
195. _. 1946. Keynes and Statistics. Review of Economic Statistics 28 (November): 194-96.
196. _. 1954. History of Economic Analysis. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
197. Shoup, C., F. Friedman, and R. Mack. 1943. Taxing to Prevent Inflation. New York: Columbia University Press.
198. Skidelsky, R. 1983. John Maynard Keynes: Hopes Betrayed 1883-1920. London: Macmillan.
199. _. 1992. John Maynard Keynes: The Economist as Saviour 1920-1937. London: Macmillan.
200. Stein, H. 1986. The Washington Economics Industry. American Economic Review 16.2 (May): 1-9.
201. Stein, J. L. 1982. Monetarism, Keynesian and New Classical Economics. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
202. Stigler, G. 1962. Henry L. Moore and Statistical Economics. Econometrica 30.1 (January): 1-21.
203. _. 1963. Archibald versus Chicago. Review of Economic Studies 30:63-64.
204. Stone, R. 1978. Keynes, Political Arithmetic and Econometrics. Proceedings of the British Academy 64:55-92.
205. _. 1980. Political Economy, Economics and Beyond. Economic Journal 90 (December): 719-36.
206. Szenberg, M., ed. 1992. Eminent Economists: Their Life Philosophies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
207. Tarshis, L. 1977. Discussion. In Patinkin and Heath 1977.
208. Tinbergen, J. 1937. An Econometric Approach to Business Cycle Problems. Paris: Hermann.
209. _. 1947. Keynes' Theories from an Econometric Point of View. In Harris 1947.
210. _. 1956. Economic Policy: Principles and Design. Amsterdam: North Holland.
211. _. 1967. Quantitative Economics, Macroeconomics and Monopolistic Competition. In Kuenne 1967.
212. _. 1969. The Use of Models: Experience and Prospects. Lecture to the Memory of Alfred Nobel. In Economic Sciences 1969-1980, ed. A. Lindbeck. London: World Scientific.
213. _. 1992. Solving the Most Urgent Problems First. In Szenberg 1992.
214. Tobin, J. 1970. Money and Income: Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc? Quarterly Journal of Economics 85 (May): 301-17.
215. _. 1977. Macroeconomic Models and Policy. In Intrilligator 1977.
216. Viner, J. 1964. Comment on My 1936 Review of Keynes' "General Theory." In Lekachman 1964.
217. Vining, R. 1949. Koopmans on the Choice of Variables to Be Studied and of Methods of Measurement. Review of Economics and Statistics 31:77-86.
218. Wallis, W. A. 1980. The Statistical Research Group 1942-1945. Journal of the American Statistical Association 75.370:320-55.
219. Walters, A. 1977. Untitled comment. In Intrilligator 1977.
220. Warsh, D. 1988. "Yellow Rain" and Supply Side Economics: Some Rhetoric That Failed. In Klamer, McCloskey, and Solow 1988.
221. Weintraub, E. R. 1983. On the Existence of a Competitive Equilibrium: 1930-54. Journal of Economic Literature 21 (March): 1-39.
222. _. 1985. General Equilibrium Analysis: Studies in Appraisal. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
223. Worswick, G. D. N. 1972. Is Progress in Science Possible? Economic Journal 82 (March): 73-86.
224. Young, W. 1987. Interpreting Mr. Keynes: The IS-LM Enigma. New York: Reinhart.
225. Young, W., and F. Lee. 1993. Oxford Economics and Oxford Economists. London: Macmillan.
226. Yule, G. U. 1926. Why Do We Sometimes Get Nonsense Correlations between Time Series - A Study in Sampling and the Nature of Time Series. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society 84.1:1-64.
227. Zarnowitz, V. 1968. Prediction and Forecasting. In International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. London: Macmillan and Free Press.
228. _. 1992. Has Macro Forecasting Failed? National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper no. 3867.
229. _, ed. 1972. The Business Cycle Today. New York: National Bureau of Economic Research.