Isotope geothermometers: Applications and limitations

Petrology

Volumn 11, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 352-364

  Levskii, L K ^a   Morozova, I M ^a   Savatenkov, V M ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF PRECAMBRIAN GEOLOGY AND GEOCHRONOLOGY   (Russian Federation)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACTIVATION ENERGY; METAMORPHIC ROCKS; RADIOISOTOPES; THERMOMETERS;

GEOTHERMOMETERS;

GEOCHEMISTRY;

EID: 0042065152     PISSN: 08695911     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (121)

1. Amelin, Yu.V., Drubetskoi, E.R., Monchev, P.B., et al., Isotopic and Geochemical Study of the Vitosha Pluton, Bulgaria, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geol., 1989, no. 12, pp. 54-64.
2. 39Ar and U-Pb Data from the Ming's Bight Area, Baie Verte Peninsula, J. Geol., 2001, vol. 109, pp. 191-211.
3. Anderson, T.B., Jamtveit, B., Dewey, J.F., et al., Subduction and Eduction of Continental Crust: Major Mechanisms during Continent-Continent Collision and Orogenic Extensional Collapse, a Model Based on the South Norwegian Caledonides, Terra Nova, 1991, vol. 3, pp. 303-310.
4. Aprub, S.V. and Levskii, L.K., Study of Preservation of Radiogenic Argon in Glauconite, Geokhimiya, 1976, no. 1, pp. 103-107.
5. Baadsgaard, H., Lipson, J., and Folinsbee, R.E., The Leakage of Radiogenic Argon from Sanidine, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1961, vol. 25, pp. 147-157.
6. Baldwin, S.L. and Harrison, T.M., Geochronology of Blueschists from West-Central Baja California and the Timing of Uplift in Subduction Complexes, J. Geol., 1989, vol. 97, pp. 149-163.
7. Baldwin, S.L., Lister, G.S., and Hill, E.I., et al., Thermochronologic Constraints on the Tectonic Evolution of Active Metamorphic Core Complexes, D'Entecasteaux Islands, Papua New Guinea, Tectonics, 1993, vol. 12, pp. 611-628.
8. 39Ar Dating Experiments, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1981, vol. 45, pp. 795-811.
9. 39Ar Dating Evidence from the Ailen Formation, East Timor, Chem. Geol. (Isot. Geosci. Sect.), 1986, vol. 59, pp. 43-58.
10. 39Ar Thermochronology of Archean Rocks in Yellowknife Domain, Southwestern Slave Province: Insights into the Cooling History of an Archean Granite-Greenstone Terrain, Can. J. Earth Sci., 1999, vol. 36, pp. 1189-1206.
11. Bibikova, E., Skiold, T., Bogdanova, S., et al., Titanite-Rutile Thermochronometry across the Boundary between the Archaean Craton in Karelia and the Belomorian Mobile Belt, Eastern Baltic Shield, Precambrian Res., vol. 105, pp. 315-330.
12. Bingen, B. and Breemen, O.V., U-Pb Monazite Ages in Amphibolite to Granulite Facies Orthogneiss Reflect Hydrous Mineral Breakdown Reactions: Sveconorwegian Province at SW Norway, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1998, vol. 132, pp. 336-353.
13. 39Ar Geochronology across Terrane Boundaries in the Sveconorwegian Province of S. Norway, Precambrian Res., 1998, vol. 90, pp. 159-172.
14. Blanckenberg, F., Villa, I.M., Baur, H., et al., Time Calibration of a P-T Path from the Western Tavern Window, Eastern Alps: The Problem of Closure Temperatures, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1989, vol. 101, pp. 1-11.
15. Bogomolov, Y.S., Migration of Lead in Nonmitamict Zircon, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 1991, vol. 107, pp. 625-633.
16. Brabander, D.J. and Giletti, B.J., Strontium Diffusion Kinetics in Amphiboles and Significance to Terminal History Determinations, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1995, vol. 59, pp. 2223-2238.
17. Burton, K. and O'Nions, K., High Resolution Garnet Chronometry and the Rates of Metamorphic Processes, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 1991, vol. 133, pp. 199-211.
18. Burton, K., Kohn, M.J., Cohen, A.S., and O'Nions, R.K., The Relative Diffusion of Pb, Nd, Sr, and O in Garnet, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 1995, vol. 133, pp. 199-211.
19. Casado, B., Gebauer, D., Schafer, H.J., et al., A Single Devonian Subduction Event for the HP/HT Metamorphism of the Cabo Ortegal Complex within the Iberian Massif, Tectono-physics, vol. 332, pp. 359-385.
20. Chamberlain, K.R. and Bowring, S.A., Apatite-Feldspar U-Pb Thermochronometer: A Reliable, Mid-Range (450°C), Diffusion-Controlled System, Chem. Geol., vol. 172, pp. 173-200.
21. Cherniak, D.J. and Watson, E.B., A Study of Strontium Diffusion in K-Feldspar, Na-K Feldspar, and Anorthite Using Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 1992, vol. 113, pp. 411-425.
22. Cherniak, D.J. and Watson, E.B., A Study of Strontium Diffusion in Plagioclase Using Rutherford Back-Scattering Spectroscopy, Geochim. Cosmoshim. Acta, 1994, vol. 58, pp. 5179-5188.
23. Cherniak, D.J. and Watson, E.B., Pb Diffusion in Zircon, Chem. Geol., 2000, vol. 172, pp. 5-24.
24. Cherniak, D.J., Diffusion in Accessory Minerals - a Progress Report, 11th Annu. V.M. Goldschmidt Conf., Strasbourg, 2001, p. 3239.
25. Cherniak, D.J., Hanckar, J.M., and Watson, E.B., Rare-Earth Diffusion in Zircon, Chem. Geol., 1997, vol. 134, pp. 289-301.
26. Cherniak, D.J., Lanford, W.A., and Ryerson, F.I., Lead Diffusion in Apatite and Zircon Using Ion Implantation and Rutherford Backscattering Techniques, Geochim. Cosmoshim. Acta, 1991, vol. 55, pp. 1663-1675.
27. Cherniak, D.J., Lead Diffusion in Titanite and Preliminary Results on the Effects of Radiation Damage on Pb Transport, Chem. Geol., 1993, vol. 110, pp. 177-194.
28. Cherniak, D.J., Sr and Nd Diffusion in Titanite, Chem. Geol., 1995, vol. 125, pp. 219-232.
29. Chopin, Ch. and Maluski, H., Unconvincing Evidence against the Blocking Temperature Concept?, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1982, vol. 80, pp. 391-394.
30. Cohen, A.S., O'Nions, R.K., Siegenthalter, R., et al., Chronology of the Pressure History Recorded by a Granulite Terrain, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1988, vol. 98, pp. 303-311.
31. Copeland, P., Parrish, R., and Harrison, T.M., Identification of Inherited Pb in Monazite and Its Implications for U-Pb Systematics, Nature (London), 1988, vol. 333, pp. 760-763.
32. 86Sr in Apatite from Altered Felsic Igneous Rocks: A Case Study from the Middle Proterozoic on South Australia, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1992, vol. 56, pp. 2789-2795.
33. Gumming, G.L. and Krstic, D., Geochronology of the Namen Lake Ni-Cu Orebody, Flin Flon Area, Manitoba, Canada: Thermal History of a Metamorphic Terrane, Can. J. Earth Sci., 1991, vol. 28, pp. 309-325.
34. Cygan, R.T. and Lasaga, A.C., Self-Diffusion of Magnesium in Garnet, Am. J. Sci., 1985, vol. 285, pp. 328-350.
35. Dahl, P.S., A Crystal-Chemical Basis for Pb Retention and Fission Track Annealing Systematics in U-Bearing Minerals, with Implications for Geochronology, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 1997, vol. 150, pp. 277-290.
36. Damon, P.E., Potassium-Argon Dating of Igneous Metamorphic Rocks with Applications to the Basin Ranges of Arizona and Sonora, in Radioactive Data for Geologists, Hamilton, E.I. and Farqhar, R.M., Eds., London: Interscience, 1968, pp. 1-24.
37. Dodson, M.H., Closure Profiles in Cooling Systems, Mater. Sci. Forum, 1986, vol. 7, pp. 145-154.
38. Dodson, M.H., Closure Temperature in Cooling Geochrono-logical and Petrological Systems, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1973, vol. 40, pp. 259-274.
39. Fechtig, H., Gentner, W., and Kalbitzer, F., Argon Bestimmungen an Kaliummineralien, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1961, vol. 25, pp. 297-311.
40. 40Ar Distribution in Homogeneous Orthoclase and Interpretation of Ar Diffusion in K-Feldspars, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1974, vol. 38, pp. 151-166.
41. Frechen, J. and Lippolt, H.J., Kalium-Argon-Daten zum Alter des Laacher Vulkanismus, der Rhein Terassen und der Eisreiten, Eiszeitalter Gegen., 1965, vol. 16, pp. 5-30.
42. Gascoyne, M., Evidence for the Stability of Potential Nuclear Waste Host, Sphene, over Geological Time, from Uranium Lead Ages and Uranium Series Disequilibrium Measurements, Appl. Geochem., 1986, vol. 1, pp. 199-210.
43. George, M.T. and Bartlett, J.M., Rejuvenation of Rb-Sr Mica Ages during Shearing on the Northwestern Margin of the Nanga Parbat-Haramosh Massif, Tectonophysics, 1996, vol. 260, pp. 167-185.
44. Gerling, E.K. and Morozova, I.M., Determination of the Activation Energy of Argon Elimination from Micas, Geokhimiya, 1957, no. 4, pp. 304-311.
45. Gerling, E.K. and Morozova, I.M., The Spectra of Activation Energy for Helium and Argon Elimination from Minerals, Geokhimiya, 1962, no. 12, pp. 1108-1117.
46. Gerling, E.K. and Morozova, I.M., The Study of Kinetics of Argon Elimination from Microcline-Perthite, Geokhimiya, 1958, no. 7, pp. 615-620.
47. Gerling, E.K., Diffusionswarme des Heliums als Kriterium für die Brauchbarkeit von Mineralien für Altersbestimmungen nach der Heliummethode, C.R. Dokl. Acad. Sci. SSSR, 1939, vol. 24, pp. 570-573.
48. Gerling, E.K., Kol'tsova, T.V., Petrov, B.V., et al., Applicability of Amphiboles to K-Ar Dating of Rocks, Geokhimiya, 1965, no. 2, pp. 219-226.
49. Gerling, E.K., Levskii, L.K., and Morpzova, I.M., On the Diffusion of Radiogenic Argon from Minerals, Geokhimiya, 1963, no. 6, pp. 539-543.
50. Giletti, B.J. and Brandbander, D.J., Diffusion of Sr in Amphiboles, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1995, vol. 59, pp. 2223-2231.
51. Giletti, B.J. and Casserly, J.E.D., Strontium Diffusion Kinetics in Plagioclase Feldspars, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1994, vol. 58, pp. 3785-3793.
52. Giletti, B.J. and Shanahan, T.M., Alkali Diffusion in Plagioclase Feldspar, Chem. Geol., 1997, vol. 139, pp. 3-20.
53. Giletti, B.J., Rb and Sr Diffusion in Alkali Feldspars, with Implications for Cooling Histories of Rocks, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1991, vol. 55, pp. 1331-1343.
54. Hamilton, E.I., Farqhar, R.M., and Dodson, M.H., Closure Temperature in Cooling Geochronological and Petrological Systems, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1973, vol. 40, pp. 259-274.
55. 39Ar and Microprobe Analyses on White Micas, Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt., 1991, vol. 71, pp. 261-274.
56. 39Ar Age Study of an Abitibi Dike from the Canadian Superior Province, Can. J. Earth Sci., 1979, vol. 16, pp. 1269-1277.
57. Harley, S.L., The Origins of Granulites: A Metamorphic Perspective, Geol. Mag., 1989, vol. 126, pp. 215-247.
58. 39Ar Age Spectrum Analysis, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1980, vol. 44, pp. 2005-2020.
59. 39Ar Spectrum Results, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1982, vol. 46, pp. 1811-1820.
60. Harrison, T.M., Armstrong, R.L., Naeser, C.M., et al., Geochronology and Thermal History of the Coast Plutonic Complex Near Prince Rupert, British Columbia, Can. J. Earth Sci., 1979, vol. 16, pp. 400-410.
61. Harrison, T.M., Diffusion Ar in Hornblende, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1981, vol. 78, pp. 324-331.
62. Harrison, T.M., Duncan, J., and McDougall, J., Diffusion Ar in Biotite: Temperature, Pressure, and Composition Effect, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1981, vol. 45, pp. 795-811.
63. 39Ar Results for Alkali Feldspars Containing Diffusion Domains with Differing Activation Energy, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1991, vol. 55, pp. 1415-1448.
64. Hart, S.R., The Petrology and Isotopic-Mineral Age Relations of a Contact Zone in the Front Range, Colorado, J. Geol., 1964, vol. 72, pp. 493-525.
65. Hawkins, D.P. and Bowring, S.A., U-Pb Monazite, Xeno-time, and Titanite Geochronological Constraints on the Prograde to Post-Peak Metamorphic Thermal History of Paleoproterozoic Migmatites from the Grand Canyon, Arizona, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1999, vol. 134, pp. 150-169.
66. Hensen, B.J. and Zhou, B., Retention of Isotopic Memory in Garnets Partially Broken down during an Overprinting Granulite Facies Metamorphism: Implications for the Sm-Nb Closure Temperature, Geology, 1995, vol. 23, pp. 225-228.
67. Humphries, F.J. and Cliff, R.A., Sm-Nd Dating and Cooling History of Scourian Granulites Sutherland, Nature (London), 1982, vol. 295, pp. 515-518.
68. Jager, E. and Niggli, E., Rb-Sr Alterbestimmugen an Glimmern der Zentralalpen, Beitr. Geol. Karte Schweiz, 1968, no. 7, pp. 137-150.
69. Jagoutz, E., Nd and Sr Systematics in an Eclogite Xenolith from Tanzania: Evidence for Frozen Mineral Equilibria in the Continental Lithosphere, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1988, vol. 52, pp. 1285-1293.
70. Jenkin, G.R.T., Ellam, R.M., Rogers, G., and Stuart, F.M., An Investigation of Closure Temperature of the Biotite Rb-Sr System: The Importance of Cation Exchange, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 2001, vol. 65, pp. 1141-1160.
71. Krogh, E.G., Evidence for Precambrian Continent-Continent Collision in the Western Norway, Nature (London), 1977, vol. 75, pp. 77-84.
72. Krogstad, E.J. and Walker, R.J., High Closure Temperature of the U-Pb System in Large Apatites from Tin Mountain Pegmatite, Black Hills, South Dakota, USA, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1994, vol. 46, pp. 637-649.
73. Kwan, T.S., Krahenbuhl, R., and Jager, E., Rb-Sr, K-Ar, and Fission Track Ages for Granulites from Penang Island, West Malaysia: An Interpretation Model for Rb-Sr Whole-Rock and for Actual and Experimental Mica Data, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1992, vol. 111, pp. 527-542.
74. Lee, J.K., The Argon Release Mechanisms of Hornblende in Vacuo, Chem. Geol. (Isot. Geosc. Sect.), 1993, vol. 106, pp. 133-170.
75. Lee, J.K.W., Multipath Diffusion in Geochemistry, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1995, vol. 120, pp. 60-82.
76. Lee, J.K.W., Williams, I.S., and Ellis, D.J., Pb, U, and Th Diffusion in Natural Zircon, Nature (London), 1997, vol. 390, pp. 159-161.
77. Levskii, L.K., Age and Thermal History of Stony Meteorites and Minerals, Geokhimiya, 1964, no. 7, pp. 601-609.
78. Levskii, L.K., Morozova, I.M., and Rublev, N.G., A Phenomenological Theory of the Age Spectrum Method, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1976, no. 8, pp. 17-23.
79. 39Ar Thermochronology for Slowly Cooled Samples Having a Distribution of Domain Sizes, J. Geophys. Res., 1989, vol. 94, pp. 17917-17931.
80. 39Ar Method, New York: Clarendon, 1988, p. 212.
81. Meldrum, A., Beather, L.A., Weber, W.J., and Ewing, R.C., Radiation Damage in Zircon and Monazite, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1998, vol. 62, pp. 2509-2520.
82. Mezger, K., Essene, E.J., and Halliday, A.N., Closure Temperatures of the Sm-Nd System in Metamorphic Garnets, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 1992, vol. 113, pp. 397-409.
83. Mezger, K., Hanson, G.N., and Bohlen, S.R., High-Precision U-Pb Ages of Metamorphic Rutile: Application to the Cooling History of High-Grade Terranes, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 1989, vol. 96, pp. 106-118.
84. Mezger, K., Rawnsley, C.M., Bohlen, S.R., et al., U-Pb Garnet, Sphene, Monazite, and Rutile Ages: Implications for the Duration of High-Grade Metamorphism and Cooling Histories, Adirondack Mts, New York, J. Geol., 1991, vol. 99, pp. 415-428.
85. Misra, N. and Venkatasubramian, V., Strontium Diffusion in Feldspars: A Laboratory Study, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1977, vol. 41, pp. 837-838.
86. Möller, A., Mezger, K., and Schenk, V., U-Pb Dating of Metamorphic Minerals: Pan-African Metamorphism and Prolonged Slow Cooling of High Pressure Granulites in Tanzania, East Africa, Precambrian Res., 2000, vol. 104, pp. 123-146.
87. Morozova, I.M. and Ashkinadze, G.Sh., Migratsiya atomov redkikh gazov v mineralakh (Atomic Migration of Rare Gases in Minerals), Leningrad: Nauka, 1971, p. 114.
88. 40Ar from Biotite of Contact Metamorphism Zones, Geokhimiya, 1973, no. 5, pp. 732-738.
89. Munz, J.A., Wayne, D., and Austrheim, H., Retrograde Fluid Infiltration in the High-Grade Modum Complex, South Norway: Evidence for Age, Source, and REE Mobility, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1994, vol. 116, pp. 32-36.
90. Murin, A.N., Banasevich, S.N., and Morozova, I.M., On the Diffusion of Radiogenic Gases from Minerals, Geokhimiya, 1962, no. 10, pp. 874-879.
91. 39Ar, J. Geol., 1997, vol. 105, pp. 565-582.
92. Norwood, C.B., Radiogenic Argon Diffusion in the Biotite Micas, Master of Science Dissertation, Providence: Brown Univ., 1972, p. 47.
93. Onstott, T.C. and Peacock, M.W., Argon Retentivity of Horn-blendes: A Field Experiment in a Slowly Cooled Metamorphic Terrane, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1987, vol. 51, pp. 2891-2903.
94. Parrish, R., Thermal Evolution of the Southeastern Canadian Cordillera, Can. J. Earth Sci., 1995, vol. 32, pp. 1618-1629.
95. Parrish, R., U-Pb Dating of Monazite and Its Application to Geological Problems, Can. J. Earth Sci., 1990, vol. 27, pp. 1431-1450.
96. 39Ar Thermochronology Using Alkali Feldspars: Real Thermal History Or Mathematical Mirage of Microtexture?, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1999, vol. 136, pp. 92-110.
97. Peucat, J.J., Menot, R.P., Monnier, O., et al., The Terre Adelie Basement in the East-Antarctica Shield: Geological and Isotopic Evidence for a Major 1.7 Ga Thermal Event; Comparison with the Gawler Craton in Southern Australia, Precarnbrian Res., 1999, vol. 94, pp. 205-224.
98. Pluijm, B., v.d., Mezger, K., Cosca, M.A., et al., Determination the Significance of High-Grade Shear Zones by Using Temperature-Time Paths, with Examples from the Grenville Orogen, Geology, 1994, vol. 22, pp. 743-746.
99. Robbins, G.A., Radiogenic Argon Diffusion in Muscovite under Hydrothermal Conditions, Master of Science Dissertation, Providence: Brown Univ., 1972, p. 54.
100. Rubatto, D., Willams, I.S., and Buick, I.S., Zircon and Monazite Response to Prograde Metamorphism in the Reynolds Range, Central Australia, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 2001, vol. 140, pp. 458-468.
101. Rublev, A.G. and Levsky, L.K., The Graphic Method of Analysis of Discordant Potassium-Argon Data, Geochem. J., 1978, vol. 12, pp. 69-74.
102. Sautter, V., Duchene, S., and Marques, F.O., New Analytical and Mineral Geospeedometers Test on Garnet Pyroxenites from Braganca Nappe Complex (NE Portugal), Tectonophysics, 2001, vol. 342, pp. 39-59.
103. Savatenkov, V.M., Behavior of Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd Systems in Conditions of Regional and Contact Metamorphism, Cand. Sci. (Geol.-Min.) Dissertation, St.-Petersburg: Inst. Precambrian Geol. Geochronol., Russ. Acad. Sci., 2001, p. 29.
104. Savatenkov, V.M., Morozova, I.M., and Levskii, L.K., Behavior of Isotopic Systems (Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr, K-Ar, U-Pb) during the Alkaline Metasomatism (Fenites from the Exomorphism Zone of Alkali-Ultramafic Intrusion), Geokhimiya, 2002 (in press).
105. Savatenkov, V.M., Morozova, I.M., and Levskii, L.K., The Behavior of Isotopic Geochronological Systems (Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr, K-Ar) during Regional Metamorphism of the Belomorian Gneisses, Geokhimiya, 2003, no. 3, pp. 1-17.
106. Scott, D.J. and Onge, St., M.R., Constraints on Pb Closure Temperature in Titanite Based on Rocks from Ungava Orogen, Canada: Implications for U-Pb Geochronology and P-T-t Path Determinations, Geology, 1995, vol. 23, pp. 1123-1126.
107. Shepel', A.B., Melenevskii, V.N., and Stenina, N.G., K-Ar Age of Phlogopite from the Aldan Shield and Its Application to Paleothermal Reconstructions, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1981, vol. 260, pp. 430-432.
108. Smith, H.A. and Giletti, B.J., Lead Diffusion in Monazite, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1997, vol. 61, pp. 1047-1055.
109. 39Ar Evidence for Episodic Denudation of the Gangofree Granites in the Garhwal Higher Himalaya, India, Tectonophysics, 1996, vol. 260, pp. 187-199.
110. Spear, F.S. and Parrish, R.R., Petrology and Cooling Rates of the Valhalla Complex, British Columbia, Canada, J. Petrol., 1996, vol. 37, pp. 733-765.
111. Steck, A. and Hunziker, J.C., The Tertiary Structural and Thermal Evolution of the Central Alps - Compressional and Extensional Structures in an Orogenic Belt, Tectonophysics, 1994, vol. 128, pp. 391-398.
112. Suzuki, K., Adachi, M., and Kajizuka, I., Election Microprobe Observations of Pb Diffusion in Metamorphosed Detrital Monazites, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 1994, vol. 128, pp. 391-398.
113. Tucker, R.D., Raheim, A., Krogh, T.E., et al., Uranium-Lead Zircon and Titanite Ages from the Northern Portion of the West Gneiss Region, South-Central Norway, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 1987, vol. 81, pp. 203-211.
114. Villa, I.M. and Puxeddu, M., Geochronology of the Larderello Geothermal Field: New Data and the "Closure Temperature" Issue, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1994, vol. 115, pp. 415-426.
115. Villa, I.M., Grobety, B., Kelley, S.P., et al., Assessing Ar Transport Path and Mechanisms for McClure Mountains Hornblende, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1996, vol. 126, pp. 67-80.
116. Villa, I.M., Multipath Ar Transport in K-Feldspar Deduced from Isothermal Heating Experiments, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 1994, vol. 122, pp. 393-401.
117. Wartho, J.-A., Kelly, S.P., Brookner, R.A., et al., Direct Measurement of Ar Diffusion Profiles in a Gem-Quality Madagascar K-Feldspar Using the Ultraviolet Laser Ablation Microprobe (UVLAMP), Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 1999, vol. 170, pp. 141-153.
118. Weber, B. and Kohler, H., Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr, and U-Pb Geochronology of the Grenvile Terrane in Southern Mexico: Origin and Geologic History of the Guichicovi Complex, Precambrian Res., 1999, vol. 96, pp. 245-262.
119. Wendt, J.I. and Collerson, K.D., Early Archean U/Pb Fractionation and Timing of Late Archean High-Grade Metamorphism in the Saglek-Hebron Segment of the North Atlantic Craton, Precambrian Res., 1999, vol. 93, pp. 281-297.
120. Zema, M., Domeneghett, M.C., and Tazzoli, V., Order-Disorder Kinetics in Orthopyroxene with Exsolution Products, Am. Mineral., 1999, vol. 84, pp. 1895-1901.
121. Zimmerman, J.L. and Odin, G.S., Kinetics of the Release of Argon and Fluids from Glauconites, in Numerical Dating in Stratigraphy, Part 1, New York: Wiley, 1982, pp. 345-362.