Prions and the human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies

Dental Clinics of North America

Volumn 47, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 493-516

  Scully, Crispian ^a   Smith, Andrew J ^b   Bagg, Jeremy ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b GLASGOW DENTAL HOSPITAL AND SCHOOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHLORPROMAZINE; HYPOPHYSIS EXTRACT; MEPACRINE; METHIONINE; PRION PROTEIN;

AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT DISORDER; B LYMPHOCYTE; BLOOD TRANSFUSION; BRAIN BIOPSY; BRAIN SPONGIOSIS; BRAIN TISSUE; CATTLE; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID; CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; CLINICAL FEATURE; CODON; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CREUTZFELDT JAKOB DISEASE; DENTAL CARE; DENTAL EQUIPMENT; DENTISTRY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE CONTROL; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; DYSARTHRIA; DYSESTHESIA; DYSPHAGIA; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; FATIGUE; GENE MUTATION; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION; GINGIVA; HUMAN; INSTRUMENT STERILIZATION; MOTOR DYSFUNCTION; NONHUMAN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; ONSET AGE; PARESTHESIA; PATHOLOGY; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATION; POSTOPERATIVE INFECTION; PRION DISEASE; PROTEIN ANALYSIS; PSYCHOMETRY; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SALIVARY GLAND; SCRAPIE; TASTE; TOOTH PULP; TRIGEMINAL NERVE; WESTERN BLOTTING; ANIMAL; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; INFECTION CONTROL; PATHOGENICITY; PRION;

ANIMALS; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB SYNDROME; DENTAL CARE FOR CHRONICALLY ILL; DENTAL INSTRUMENTS; DENTAL PULP; GINGIVA; HUMANS; INFECTION CONTROL, DENTAL; PRION DISEASES; PRIONS; TRIGEMINAL NERVE;

EID: 0042011623     PISSN: 00118532     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0011-8532(03)00017-X     Document Type: Review

References (101)

1. Collinge J. Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Lancet. 354:(9175):1999;317-323
2. Prusiner S.B. Shattuck lecture - neurodegenerative diseases and prions. N Engl J Med. 344:(20):2001;1516-1526
3. Gibbs C.J. Jr., Gajdusek D.C., Asher D.M., Alpers M.P., Beck E., Daniel P.M., et al. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (spongiform encephalopathy): transmission to the chimpanzee. Science. 161:(839):1968;388-389
4. Patterson W.J., Painter M.J. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy and new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: an overview. Commun Dis Public Health. 2:(1):1999;5-13
5. Bram E.C., Schreuder B.E. BSE agent hypotheses. Livestock Production Sci. 38:(1):1994;23-33
6. Bolton D.C., McKinley M.P., Prusiner S.B. Identification of a protein that purifies with the scrapie prion. Science. 218:(4579):1982;1309-1311
7. Prusiner S.B. Prion encephalopathies of animals and humans. Dev Biol Stand. 80:1993;31-44
8. Goldmann W. PrP gene and its association with spongiform encephalopathies. Br Med Bull. 49:(4):1993;839-859
9. Bueler H., Aguzzi A., Sailer A., Greiner R.A., Autenried P., Aguet M., et al. Mice devoid of PrP are resistant to scrapie. Cell. 73:(7):1993;1339-1347
10. Moore R.C., Lee I.Y., Silverman G.L., Harrison P.M., Strome R., Heinrich C., et al. Ataxia in prion protein (PrP)-deficient mice is associated with upregulation of the novel PrP-like protein doppel. J Mol Biol. 292:(4):1999;797-817
11. Collinge J., Sidle K.C., Meads J., Ironside J., Hill A.F. Molecular analysis of prion strain variation and the aetiology of 'new variant' CJD. Nature. 383:(6602):1996;685-690
12. Heppner F.L., Arrighi I., Kalinke U., Aguzzi A. Immunity against prions? Trends Mol Med. 7:(11):2001;477-479
13. Detwiler L.A. Scrapie. Rev Sci Tech. 11:(2):1992;491-537
14. Williams E.S., Young S. Spongiform encephalopathies in Cervidae. Rev Sci Tech. 11:(2):1992;551-567
15. Bartz J.C., McKenzie D.I., Bessen R.A., Marsh R.F., Aiken J.M. Transmissible mink encephalopathy species barrier effect between ferret and mink: PrP gene and protein analysis. J Gen Virol. 75:(Pt 11):1994;2947-2953
16. Bruce M.E., Will R.G., Ironside J.W., McConnell I., Drummond D., Suttie A., et al. Transmissions to mice indicate that 'new variant' CJD is caused by the BSE agent. Nature. 389:(6650):1997;498-501
17. Kirkwood J.K., Cunningham A.A. Epidemiological observations on spongiform encephalopathies in captive wild animals in the British Isles. Vet Rec. 135:(13):1994;296-303
18. Will R.G., Ironside J.W., Zeidler M., Cousens S.N., Estibeiro K., Alperovitch A., et al. A new variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the UK. Lancet. 347:(9006):1996;921-925
19. Wells G.A., Hawkins S.A., Green R.B., Austin A.R., Dexter I., Spencer Y.I., et al. Preliminary observations on the pathogenesis of experimental bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE): an update. Vet Rec. 142:(5):1998;103-106
20. Groschup M.H., Beekes M., McBride P.A., Hardt M., Hainfellner J.A., Budka H. Deposition of disease-associated prion protein involves the peripheral nervous system in experimental scrapie. Acta Neuropathol (Berl). 98:(5):1999;453-457
21. Borchelt D.R., Koliatsos V.E., Guarnieri M., Pardo C.A., Sisodia S.S., Price D.L. Rapid anterograde axonal transport of the cellular prion glycoprotein in the peripheral and central nervous systems. J Biol Chem. 269:(20):1994;14711-14714
22. Muramoto T., Kitamoto T., Tateishi J., Goto I. Accumulation of abnormal prion protein in mice infected with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease via intraperitoneal route: a sequential study. Am J Pathol. 143:(5):1993;1470-1479
23. Ingrosso L., Pisani F., Pocchiari M. Transmission of the 263K scrapie strain by the dental route. J Gen Virol. 80:(Pt 11):1999;3043-3047
24. Pattison I.H., Millson G.C. Distribution of scrapie agent in the tissues of experimentally inoculated goats. J Comp Pathol. 72:1979;233-244
25. Hadlow W.J., Kennedy R.C., Race R.E. Natural infection of Suffolk sheep with scrapie virus. J Infect Dis. 146:(5):1982;657-664
26. Maignien T., Lasmezas C.I., Beringue V., Dormont D., Deslys J.P. Pathogenesis of the oral route of infection of mice with scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy agents. J Gen Virol. 80:(Pt 11):1999;3035-3042
27. Spongiform Encephalopathy Advisory Committee. Transmissible spongiform encephaolpathies. A summary of present knowledge and research. 1995;Her Majesty's Stationary Office, London
28. Adams D.H., Edgar W.M. Transmission of agent of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. BMJ. 1:(6118):1978;987
29. Carp R.I. Transmission of scrapie by oral route: effect of gingival scarification. Lancet. 1:(8264):1982;170-171
30. Cousens S.N., Zeidler M., Esmonde T.F., de Silva R., Wilesmith J.W., Smith P.G., et al. Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the United Kingdom: analysis of epidemiological surveillance data for 1970-96. BMJ. 315:(7105):1997;389-395
31. Lantos P.L. From slow virus to prion: a review of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Histopathology. 20:(1):1992;1-11
32. Collinge J., Owen F., Poulter M., Leach M., Crow T.J., Rossor M.N., et al. Prion dementia without characteristic pathology. Lancet. 336:(8706):1990;7-9
33. Collins S., Law M.G., Fletcher A., Boyd A., Kaldor J., Masters C.L. Surgical treatment and risk of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: a case-control study. Lancet. 353:(9154):1999;693-697
34. Van Duijn C.M., Delasnerie-Laupretre N., Masullo C., Zerr I., de Silva R., Wientjens D.P., et al. Case-control study of risk factors of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Europe during 1993-95. European Union (EU) Collaborative Study Group of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Lancet. 351:(9109):1998;1081-1085
35. Collinge J. Prion diseases. Watherall D.J., Ledinham J.G.G., Warrell D.A. Oxford textbook of medicine. 1996;3977-3983 Oxford University Press, Oxford
36. Montagna P., Cortelli P., Avoni P., Tinuper P., Plazzi G., Gallassi R., et al. Clinical features of fatal familial insomnia: phenotypic variability in relation to a polymorphism at codon 129 of the prion protein gene. Brain Pathol. 8:(3):1998;515-520
37. McLean C.A., Storey E., Gardner R.J., Tannenberg A.E., Cervenakova L., Brown P. The D178N (cis-129M) "fatal familial insomnia" mutation associated with diverse clinicopathologic phenotypes in an Australian kindred. Neurology. 49:(2):1997;552-558
38. Fiorino A.S. Sleep, genes and death: fatal familial insomnia. Brain Res Rev. 22:(3):1996;258-264
39. Gallassi R., Morreale A., Montagna P., Cortelli P., Avoni P., Castellani R., et al. Fatal familial insomnia: behavioral and cognitive features. Neurology. 46:(4):1996;935-939
40. Parchi P., Castellani R., Cortelli P., Montagna P., Chen S.G., Petersen R.B., et al. Regional distribution of protease-resistant prion protein in fatal familial insomnia. Ann Neurol. 38:(1):1995;21-29
41. Prusiner S.B. The prion diseases. Brain Pathol. 8:(3):1998;499-513
42. Weber T., Aguzzi A. The spectrum of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Intervirology. 40:(2-3):1997;198-212
43. Zigas V. Kuru: a critical review. Med J Aust. 2:(12):1975;483-486
44. Collinge J. Prion diseases of humans and animals: their causes and molecular basis. Annu Rev Neurosci. 24:2001;519-550
45. Collinge J., Palmer M. Prion diseases. 1997;Oxford University Press, Oxford
46. Brown P., Preece M.A., Will R.G. "Friendly fire" in medicine: hormones, homografts, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Lancet. 340:(8810):1992;24-27
47. Healy D.L., Evans J. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease after pituitary gonadotrophins. BMJ. 307:(6903):1993;517-518
48. Buchanan C.R., Preece M.A., Milner R.D. Mortality, neoplasia, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in patients treated with human pituitary growth hormone in the United Kingdom. BMJ. 302:(6780):1991;824-828
49. Allan B., Tuft S. Transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in corneal grafts. BMJ. 315:(7122):1997;1553-1554
50. Yamada M., Itoh Y., Suematsu N., Matsushita M., Otomo E. Panencephalopathic type of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease associated with cadaveric dura mater graft. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 63:(4):1997;524-527
51. Clavel M., Clavel P. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease transmitted by dura mater graft. Eur Neurol. 36:(4):1996;239-240
52. Collins S.J., Masters C.L. Transmissibility of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and related disorders. Sci Prog. 78:(Pt 3):1995;217-227
53. Brown P., Preece M., Brandel J.P., Sato T., McShane L., Zerr I., et al. Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease at the millennium. Neurology. 55:(8):2000;1075-1081
54. Duffy P., Wolf J., Collins G., DeVoe A.G., Streeten B., Cowen D. Possible person-to-person transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. [letter] N Engl J Med. 290:(12):1974;692-693
55. Will R.G., Matthews W.B. Evidence for case-to-case transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 45:(3):1982;235-238
56. Matthews W.B. Epidemiology of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in England and Wales. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 38:(3):1975;210-213
57. Zobeley E., Flechsig E., Cozzio A., Enari M., Weissmann C. Infectivity of scrapie prions bound to a stainless steel surface. Mol Med. 5:(4):1999;240-243
58. Brown P. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy [corrected] Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. BMJ. 312:(7034):1996;790-791
59. Deslys J.P., Lasmezas C.I., Streichenberger N., Hill A., Collinge J., Dormont D., et al. New variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in France. Lancet. 349:(9044):1997;30-31
60. Zeidler M., Johnstone E.C., Bamber R.W., Dickens C.M., Fisher C.J., Francis A.F., et al. New variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: psychiatric features. Lancet. 350:(9082):1997;908-910
61. Zeidler M., Stewart G.E., Barraclough C.R., Bateman D.E., Bates D., Burn D.J., et al. New variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: neurological features and diagnostic tests. Lancet. 350:(9082):1997;903-907
62. Henry C., Knight R. Clinical features of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Rev Med Virol. 12:(3):2002;143-150
63. Reuber M., Al Din A.S., Baborie A., Chakrabarty A. New variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease presenting with loss of taste and smell. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 71:(3):2001;412-413
64. Hill A.F., Butterworth R.J., Joiner S., Jackson G., Rossor M.N., Thomas D.J., et al. Investigation of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and other human prion diseases with tonsil biopsy samples. Lancet. 353:(9148):1999;183-189
65. Hill A.F., Desbruslais M., Joiner S., Sidle K.C., Gowland I., Collinge J., et al. The same prion strain causes vCJD and, BSE. Nature. 389:(6650):1997;448-50526
66. Scott M.R., Will R., Ironside J., Nguyen H.O., Tremblay P., DeArmond S.J., et al. Compelling transgenetic evidence for transmission of bovine spongiform encephalopathy prions to humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 96:(26):1999;15137-15142
67. Department of Health. Risk assessment for transmission of vCJD via surgical instruments: a modelling approach and numerical scenarios. Available at: www.doh.gov.uk/cjd/mskassessmentsi.htm. Accessed 2001.
68. Lueck C.J., McIlwaine G.G., Zeidler M. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and the eye I. Background and patient management. Eye. 14:(Pt 3A):2000;263-290
69. Kimberlin R.H., Walker C.A. Pathogenesis of experimental scrapie. Ciba Found Symp. 135:1988;37-62
70. Brown P., Rohwer R.G., Dunstan B.C., MacAuley C., Gajdusek D.C., Drohan W.N. The distribution of infectivity in blood components and plasma derivatives in experimental models of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy. Transfusion. 38:(9):1998;810-816
71. Lupi O. Prions in dermatology. J Am Acad Dermatol. 46:(5):2002;790-793
72. Bartolucci E.G. A clinical evaluation of freeze-dried homologous dura mater as a periodontal free graft material. Study in humans. J Periodontol. 52:(7):1981;354-361
73. Sogal A., Tofe A.J. Risk assessment of bovine spongiform encephalopathy transmission through bone graft material derived from bovine bone used for dental applications. J Periodontol. 70:(9):1999;1053-1063
74. Wenz B., Oesch B., Horst M. Analysis of the risk of transmitting bovine spongiform encephalopathy through bone grafts derived from bovine bone. Biomaterials. 22:(12):2001;1599-1606
75. Hilton D.A., Fathers E., Edwards P., Ironside J.W., Zajicek J. Prion immunoreactivity in appendix before clinical onset of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Lancet. 352:(9129):1998;703-704
76. Wells G.A., Dawson M., Hawkins S.A., Green R.B., Dexter I., Francis M.E., et al. Infectivity in the ileum of cattle challenged orally with bovine spongiform encephalopathy. Vet Rec. 135:(2):1994;40-41
77. Schreuder B.E., van Keulen L.J., Vromans M.E., Langeveld J.P., Smits M.A. Preclinical test for prion diseases. Nature. 381:(6583):1996;563
78. Klein M.A., Frigg R., Flechsig E., Raeber A.J., Kalinke U., Bluethmann H., et al. A crucial role for B cells in neuroinvasive scrapie. Nature. 390:(6661):1997;687-690
79. Korth C., May B.C., Cohen F.E., Prusiner S.B. Acridine and phenothiazine derivatives as pharmacotherapeutics for prion disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 98:(17):2001;9836-9841
80. Porter S., Scully C., Ridgway G.L., Bell J. The human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs): implications for dental practitioners. Br Dent J. 188:(8):2000;432-436
81. Ward HJT, Head MW, Will RG, Ironside JW. Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Clin Lab Med, in press.
82. Marx R.E., Carlson E.R. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from allogeneic dura: a review of risks and safety. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 49:(3):1991;272-274
83. Marx R.E., Carlson E.R. Tissue banking safety: caveats and precautions for the oral and maxillofacial surgeon. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 51:(12):1993;1372-1379
84. Friesenecker J., Dammer R., Moritz M., Niederdellmann H. Long-term results after primary restoration of the orbital floor. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 23:(1):1995;31-33
85. Carruthers J., Carruthers A. Mad cows, prions, and wrinkles. Arch Dermatol. 138:(5):2002;667-670
86. Arakawa K., Nagara H., Itoyama Y., Doh-ura K., Tomokane N., Tateishi J., et al. Clustering of three cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease near Fukuoka City, Japan. Acta Neurol Scand. 84:(5):1991;445-447
87. Kondo K., Kuroiwa Y. A case control study of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: association with physical injuries. Ann Neurol. 11:(4):1982;377-381
88. Davanipour Z., Alter M., Sobel E., Asher D., Gajdusek D.C. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: possible medical risk factors. Neurology. 35:(10):1985;1483-1486
89. Guiroy D.C., Shankar S.K., Gibbs C.J. Jr., Messenheimer J.A., Das S., Gajdusek D.C. Neuronal degeneration and neurofilament accumulation in the trigeminal ganglia in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Ann Neurol. 25:(1):1989;102-106
90. Beck E., Daniel P.M., Alpers M., Gajdusek D.C., Gibbs C.J. Jr. Neuropathological comparisons of experimental kuru in chimpanzees with human kuru. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 36:(Suppl):1969;553-562
91. Beck E., Daniel P.M., Asher D.M., Gajdusek D.C., Gibbs C.J. Jr. Experimental kuru in the chimpanzee. A neuropathological study. Brain. 96:(3):1973;441-462
92. Beck E., Bak I.J., Christ J.F., Gajdusek D.C., Gibbs C.J. Jr., Hassler R. Experimental kuru in the spider monkey. Histopathological and ultrastructural studies of the brain during early stages of incubation. Brain. 98:(4):1975;595-612
93. Blanquet-Grossard F., Sazdovitch V., Jean A., Deslys J.P., Dormont D., Hauw J.J., et al. Prion protein is not detectable in dental pulp from patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. J Dent Res. 79:(2):2000;700
94. Taylor D.M. Inactivation of the unconventional agents of scrapie, bovine spongiform encephalopathy and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. J Hosp Infect. 18:(Suppl A):1991;141-146
95. Rutala W.A., Weber D.J. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: recommendations for disinfection and sterilization. Clin Infect Dis. 32:(9):2001;1348-1356
96. Will R.G., Zeidler M., Stewart G.E., Macleod M.A., Ironside J.W., Cousens S.N., et al. Diagnosis of new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Ann Neurol. 47:(5):2000;575-582
97. Hsich G., Kenney K., Gibbs C.J., Lee K.H., Harrington M.G. The 14-3-3 brain protein in cerebrospinal fluid as a marker for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. N Engl J Med. 335:(13):1996;924-930
98. World Health Organization. WHO infection control guidelines for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. WHO: 2000.
99. Smith A.J., Martin M.V. Managing patients with TSEs. Br Dent J. 189:(2):2000;62
100. Aguzzi A., Collinge J. Post-exposure prophylaxis after accidental prion inoculation. Lancet. 350:(9090):1997;1519-1520
101. Sethi S., Lipford G., Wagner H., Kretzschmar H. Postexposure prophylaxis against prion disease with a stimulator of innate immunity. Lancet. 360:(9328):2002;229-230