Dispersal biology of Liatris scariosa var. novae-angliae (Asteraceae), a rare New England grassland perennial

American Journal of Botany

Volumn 90, Issue 8, 2003, Pages 1159-1167

  Gravuer, Kelly ^a,b   Von Wettberg, Eric J ^a   Schmitt, Johanna ^a  

^a BROWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b LINCOLN UNIVERSITY   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Achene; Allometry; Asteraceae; Germination; Liatris; Morphological constraints; New England; Plant conservation; Propagule mass; Regional differention; Wind dispersal

Indexed keywords

ANEMOCHORY; GERMINATION; GRASSLAND; PERENNIAL PLANT; PROPAGULE; SEED DISPERSAL;

NEW ENGLAND; UNITED STATES;

ASTERACEAE; LIATRIS; LIATRIS SCARIOSA;

EID: 0041926475     PISSN: 00029122     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3732/ajb.90.8.1159     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. ANDERSEN, M. 1991. Mechanistic models for the seed shadows of winddispersed plants. American Naturalist 137: 476-497.
2. AUGSPURGER, C. K., AND S. E. FRANSON. 1987. Wind dispersal of artificial fruits varying in mass, area, and morphology. Ecology 68: 27-42.
3. BULLOCK, J. M., AND R. T. CLARKE. 2000. Long distance seed dispersal by wind: measuring and modeling the tail of the curve. Oecologia 124: 506-521.
4. CARLQUIST, S. 1966. The biota of long-distance dispersal. I. Principles of dispersal and evolution. Quarterly Reviews in Biology 41: 247-270.
5. CODY, M. L., AND J. M. OVERTON. 1996. Short-term evolution of reduced dispersal in island plant populations. Journal of Ecology 84: 53-61.
6. COLAS, B., I. OLIVIERI, AND M. RIBA. 1997. Centaurea corymbosa, a cliffdwelling species tottering on the brink of extinction: a demographic and genetic study. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 94: 3471-3476.
7. COLLINS, J. M. 1999. The ecology of morainal grasslands on Block Island, RI. M.S. thesis, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
8. DIECKMANN, U., B. O'HARA, AND W. WEISSER. 1999. The evolutionary ecology of dispersal. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 14: 88-90.
9. FENNER, M., W. G. LEE, AND E. H. PINN. 2001. Reproductive features of Celmisia species (Asteraceae) in relation to altitude and geographical range in New Zealand. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 74: 51-58.
10. FERNALD, M. L. 1950. Gray's manual of botany. Dioscorides Press, Portland, Oregon, USA.
11. FRANKHAM, R. 1997. Do island populations have less genetic variation than mainland populations? Heredity 78: 311-327.
12. GODT, M. J. W, AND J. L. HAMRICK. 1995. The mating system of Liatris helleri (Asteraceae), a threatened plant species. Heredity 75: 398-404.
13. GREEN, D. S. 1980. The terminal velocity and dispersal of spinning samaras. American Journal of Botany 67: 1218-1224.
14. HAMILTON, R. A. 1991. Stewardship abstract for northern blazing star (Liatris borealis). New Jersey Natural Heritage Program, Department of Environmental Protection, Trenton, New Jersey, USA.
15. HARPER, J. L., P. H. LOVELL, AND K. G. MOORE. 1970. The shapes and sizes of seeds. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 1: 327-356.
16. HENSEN, I, AND C. MULLER. 1997. Experimental and structural investigations of anemochorous dispersal. Plant Ecology 133: 169-180.
17. HODGSON, J. G. 1991. Management for the conservation of rare plants with particular reference to the British flora. In I. F. Spellerberg, F. B. Goldsmith, and M. G. Morris [eds.], The scientific management of temperate communities for conservation: the 31st symposium of the British Ecological Society, Southampton 1989. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK.
18. HODGSON, J. G., AND J. P. GRIME. 1990. The role of dispersal mechanisms, regeneration strategies and seed banks in the vegetation dynamics of the British landscape. In R. G. H. Bunce and D. C. Howard [eds.], Species dispersal in agricultural habitats, 65-81. Belhaven, London, UK.
19. HOWE, H. F, AND J. SMALLWOOD. 1982. Ecology of seed dispersal. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 13: 201-228.
20. KALISZ, S., L. HORTH, AND M. A. MCPEEK. 1997. Fragmentation and the role of seed banks in promoting persistence in isolated populations of Collinsia verna. In M. W. Schwanz [ed.], Conservation in highly fragmented landscapes, 268-312. Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA.
21. KANE, A. 2001. Conservation of a rare Block Island wildflower: herbivory, seed predation, and allee effects in northern blazing star (Liatris scariosa var. novae-angliae). B.S. thesis. Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
22. KANE, A., AND J. SCHMITT. 2001. Liatris scariosa var. novae-angliae (northern blazing star) Conservation and Research Plan. New England Plant Conservation Program, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA.
23. KESSELI, R., S. HAWTHORNE, AND E. PRITHAM. 1998. Genetic diversity within and among populations of New England blazing star (Liatris scariosa var. novae-angliae). Massachusetts Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Program, Westborough, Massachusetts, USA.
24. LANDE, R. 1979. Quantitative genetic analysis of multivariate evolution, applied to brain: body size allometry. Evolution 33: 402-416.
25. LITTELL, R. C., G. A. MILLIKEN, W. W. STROUP, AND R. D. WOLHNGER. 1996. SAS system for mixed models. SAS Institute Inc., Cary. North Carolina, USA.
26. MASON-GAMER, R. J. 1998. A chloroplast DNA analysis of New England blazing star, Liatris scariosa var. novae-angliae (Asteraceae). Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
27. MATLACK, G. R. 1987. Diaspore size, shape, and fall behavior in wind-dispersed plant species. American Journal of Botany 74; 1150-1160.
28. MCEVOY, P. B., AND C. S. Cox. 1987. Wind dispersal distances in dimorphic achenes of ragwort, Senecio jacobaea. Ecology 68: 2006-2015.
29. MENGES, E. S. 1995. Factors limiting fecundity and germination in small populations of Silene regia (Caryophyllaceae), a rare hummingbird-pollinated prairie forb. American Midland Naturalist 133: 242-255.
30. MORSE, D. H., AND J. SCHMITT. 1985. Propagule size, dispersal ability, and seedling performance in Asclepias syriaca. Oecologia 67: 372-379.
31. MURREN, C. J., AND A. M. ELLISON. 1998. Seed dispersal characteristics of Brassavola nodosa (Orchidaceae). American Journal of Botany 85: 675-680.
32. NIKLAS, K. J. 1992. Plant biomechanics: an engineering approach to plant form and function. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
33. NIKLAS, K. J. 1994. Plant allometry: the scaling of form and process. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
34. OKUBO, A., AND S. A. LEVIN. 1989. A theoretical framework for data analysis of wind dispersal of seeds and pollen. Ecology 70: 329-338.
35. PAVLOVIC, N. B. 1994. Disturbance-dependent persistence of rare plants: anthropogenic impacts and restoration implications. In M. L. Bowles and C. J. Whelan [eds.], Restoration of endangered species: conceptual issues, planning, and implementation, 159-193. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
36. PETEROY, A. V. 1996. The short-term effects of prescribed burning and clearing on a single population of northern blazing star (Liatris borealis) in Amherst, New Hampshire. M.S. thesis, Antioch New England, Keene, New Hampshire, USA.
37. PODOLSKY, R. H., AND T. P. HOLTSFORD. 1995. Population structure of morphological traits in Clarkia dudleyana. I. Comparison of FST between allozymes and morphological traits. Genetics 140: 733-744.
38. PROUT, T. P., AND J. S. F. BARKER. 1993. F statistics in Drosophila buzzatii: selection, population size, and inbreeding. Genetics 134: 369-375.
39. REES, M. 1993. Trade-offs among dispersal strategies in British plants. Nature 366: 150-152.
40. SCHAAL, B. A. 1980. Reproductive capacity and seed size in Lupinus texensis. American Journal of Botany 67: 703-709.
41. SHELDON, J. C., AND F. M. BURROWS. 1973. The dispersal effectiveness of the achene-pappus units of selected compositae in steady winds with convection. New Phytologist 72: 665-675.
42. SPITZE, K. 1993. Population structure in Daphnia obtusa: quantitative genetic and allozyme variation. Genetics 135: 367-374.
43. STRYKSTRA, R. J., D. M. PEGTEL, AND A. BERGSMA. 1998. Dispersal distance and achene quality of the rare anemochorous species Arnica montana L.: implications for conservation. Acta Botanica Neerlandica 47: 45-56.
44. THOMPSON, K., K. J. GASTON, AND S. R. BAND. 1999. Range size, dispersal and niche breadth in the herbaceous flora of central England. Journal of Ecology 87: 150-155.
45. VENABLE, D. L., AND D. A. LEVIN. 1985. Ecology of achene dimorphism in Heterotheca latifolia: I. Achene structure, germination, and dispersal. Journal of Ecology 73: 133-145.
46. VICKERY, P. D. 1996. Effects of prescribed fire on the reproductive ecology of northern blazing star (Liatris scariosa var. novae-angliae). Center for Biological Conservation, Massachusetts Audubon Society, Lincoln, Massachusetts, USA.
47. VICKERY, P. D. 2002. Effects of the size of prescribed fire on insect predation of northern blazing star, a rare grassland perennial. Conservation Biology 16: 413-421.
48. VICKERY, P. D., AND P. W. DUNWIDDIE. 1997. Introduction. In P. D. Vickery and P. W. Dunwiddie [eds.], Grasslands of northeastern North America, 1-13. Massachusetts Audubon Society, Lincoln, Massachusetts, USA.
49. WERNER, P., AND W. J. PLATT. 1976. Ecological relationships of co-occurring goldenrods (Solidago: Compositae). American Naturalist 110: 959-971.