The effect of sward structure as influenced by ryegrass genotype on bite dimensions and short-term intake rate by dairy cows

Grass and Forage Science

Volumn 58, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 2-11

  Barrett, P D ^a   McGilloway, D A ^a   Laidlaw, A S ^a   Mayne, C S ^a,b  

^a AGRI FOOD AND BIOSCIENCES INSTITUTE   (United Kingdom)

^b QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY BELFAST   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Bite mass; Extended tiller height; Leaf content; Lolium spp.; Sward bulk density

Indexed keywords

CATTLE; FORAGE; GENOTYPE; SWARD; VEGETATION STRUCTURE;

BOS TAURUS; LOLIUM; LOLIUM MULTIFLORUM; LOLIUM PERENNE;

EID: 0041848216     PISSN: 01425242     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2494.2003.00345.x     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. BARRETT P.D. (2000) The study of physical and morphological properties of Lolium spp. and their influence on herbage intake by grazing dairy cows. Ph.D. thesis, Queen's University of Belfast.
2. BARRETT P.D., LAIDLAW A.S., MAYNE C.S. and CHRISTIE H. (2001) Pattern of herbage intake rate and bite dimensions of rotationally grazed dairy cows as sward height declines. Grass and Forage Science, 56, 362-373.
3. BARTHRAM G.T. (1986) Experimental Techniques: the HFRO Sward Stick. Biennial Report 1984-85, pp. 29-30, Penicuik, Midlothian: Hill Farming Research Organisation.
4. BLACK J.L. and KENNEY P.A. (1984) Factors affecting diet selection by sheep. IL Effects of height and density of pasture. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 35, 565-578.
5. BURLISON A.J., HODGSON J. and ILLIUS A.W. (1991) Sward canopy structure and the bite dimensions and bite weight of grazing sheep. Grass and Forage Science, 46, 29-38.
6. CASEY I.A. (2000) A study of sward structure development and its influence on bite dimensions of grazing dairy cows. Ph.D. thesis, Queen's University of Belfast.
7. CUSHNAHAN A. and GORDON F.J. (1995) The effect of grass preservation and intake, apparent digestibility and rumen degradation characteristics. Animal Science, 60, 429-438.
8. DUMONT B., PENNING P.D., ORR R.J. and D'HOUR P. (1994) Effects of some factors of insensible weight loss in grazing sheep. Annales de Zootechnie, 43, 283.
9. FORBES J.M. (1988) Researching the plant-animal interface: the investigation of ingestive behaviour in grazing animals. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 66, 2369-2379.
10. GENSTAT 5 COMMITTEE (1993) Genstat 5, Release 3, Reference Manual. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
11. GIBB M.J., HUCKLE C.A., NUTHALL R. and ROOK A.J. (1997) Effect of sward surface height on intake and grazing behaviour by lactating Holstein Friesian cows. Grass and Forage Science, 52, 309-321.
12. GILLILAND T.J., BARRETT P.D., MANN R.L., AGNEW R.E. and FEARON A.M. (2002) Canopy morphology and nutritional quality traits as potential grazing value indicators for Lolium perenne L. varieties. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 139, 257-273.
13. HAZARD, L., DE MORES, A., BETIN, M., TRAINEAU, R. and EMILE, J. 1998) Perennial ryegrass cultivar effects on intake of grazing sheep and feeding value. Annales de Zootechnie, 47, 117-225.
14. ILLIUS A.W., GORDON I.J., MILNE J.D. and WRIGHT W. (1995) Costs and benefits of foraging on grasses varying in canopy structure and resistance to defoliation. Functional Ecology, 9, 894-903.
15. INOUÉ T., BROOKES I.M., JOHN A., KOLVER E.S. and BARRY T.N. (1994) Effects of leaf shear breaking load on the feeding value of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) for sheep. II. Effects on feed intake, particle breakdown, rumen digesta outflow and animal performance. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 123, 137-147.
16. LACA E.A., UNGAR E.D., SELIGMAN E.G. and DEMMENT M.W. (1992) Effects of sward height and bulk density on bite dimensions of cattle grazing homogeneous swards. Grass and Forage Science, 47, 91-102.
17. LACA E.A., DEMMENT M.W., DISTEL R.A. and GRIGGS T.C. (1993) A conceptual model to explain variation in ingestive behaviour within a feeding patch. In: Proceedings of the XVII International Grassland Congress, New Zealand and Australia, pp. 710-712.
18. LAIDLAW A.S. and REED K.F.M. (1993) Plant improvement: the evaluation and extension processes. In: Proceedings of the XVII International Grassland Conference, New Zealand and Australia, pp. 385-392.
19. LEE M.R.F., JONES E.L., MOORBY J.M., HUMPHREYS M.O., THEODOROU M.K., MACREA J.C. and SCOLLAN N.D. (2000) Production responses form lambs grazing on Lolium perenne selected for high water soluble carbohydrate. In: Rook, A.J. and Penning, P.D. (eds) Grazing Management. Occasional Symposium no. 34, pp. 45-50. British Grassland Society, Reading.
20. MCGILLOWAY D.A., LAIDLAW A.S. and MAYNE C.S. (1997) Bite dimensions of grazing diary cows as influenced by sward factors. Proceedings of the 5th Research Conference, British Grassland Society, Scale Hayne, pp. 53-54.
21. MCGILLOWAY D.A., CUSHNAHAN A., LAIDLAW A.S., MAYNE C.S. and KILPATRICK D.J. (1999) The relationship between level of sward height reduction in a rotationally grazed sward and short-term intake rates of dairy cows. Grass and Forage Science, 54, 116-126.
22. MAYNE C.S., MCGILLOWAY D.A., CUSHNAHAN A., LAIDLAW A.S. and KILPATRICK D. (1997) The effect of sward height and bulk density on herbage intake and grazing behaviour of dairy cows. Proceedings XVIII International Grassland Congress, Canada, June 1997. ID no. 1332, Session, 2, pp. 15-16.
23. MITCHELL R.J., HODGSON J. and CLARK D.A. (1993) The independent effects of sward height and bulk density on the bite parameters of Romney ewes and red deer hinds. Proceedings of the XVII International Grassland Congress, New Zealand and Australia, pp. 704-706.
24. MUNRO J.M.M., DAVIES D.A., EVANS W.B. and SCURLOCK R.V. (1992) Animal production evaluation of herbage varieties. Grass and Forage Science, 47, 259-273.
25. ORR R.J., COOK J.E., ATKINSON L.D., CLEMENTS R.O. and MARTYN T.M. (2000) Evaluation of herbage varieties under continuous stocking. In: Rook, A.J. and Penning, P.D. (eds) Grazing Management. Occasional Symposium no. 34, pp. 39-44. British Grassland Society, Reading.
26. PATTERSON D.M., MCGILLOWAY D.A., CUSHNAHAN A., MAYNE C.S. and LAIDLAW A.S. (1998) Effect of duration of fasting period on short-term intake rates of lactating dairy cows. Animal Science, 66, 299-305.
27. PENNING P.D. and HOOPER G.E. (1985) An evaluation of the use of short-term weight changes in grazing sheep for estimating herbage intake. Grass and Forage Science, 40, 79-84.
28. PENNING P.D., GIBB M.B., PARSONS A.J., ORR R.J. and HARVEY A. (1998) Behavioural and Physiological Factors Limiting Intake by Grazing Animals. In: Keane, M.G. and O'Riordan, E.G. (eds) Pasture Ecology and Animal Intake. Proceedings of Workshop for Concerted Action AIR3-CT93-0947. Occasional Publication no. 3, pp. 10-20. Teagasc, Dublin.
29. ROOK A.J., HUCKLE C.A. and PENNING P.D. (1994) Effects of sward height and concentrate supplementation on the performance of spring calving dairy cows grazing grass/white clover swards. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 40, 101-112.
30. RUTTER S.M. (2000) Graze: a programme to analyse recordings of the jaw movements of ruminants. Behaviour, Research, Methods, Instruments and Computers, 32, 86-92.
31. RUTTER S.M., CHAMPION R.A. and PENNING P.D. (1997) An automated system to record foraging behaviour in free ranging ruminants. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 54, 185-195.
32. UNGAR E.D., GENIZI A. and DEMMENT M.W. (1991) Bite dimensions and herbage intake by cattle grazing short hand-constructed swards. Agronomy Journal, 87, 973-978.
33. WADE M.H., PEYRAUD J.-L., LEMAIRE G. and COMERON E.A. (1989) The dynamics of daily area and depth of grazing and herbage intake of cows in a five day paddock system. Proceedings of the XVI International Grassland Congress, Nice, France, pp. 1111-1112.
34. WOODWARD S.J.R. (1998) Bite mechanics of cattle and sheep grazing grass-dominant swards. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 56, 203-222.