Spatial/temporal patterns in Weddell gyre characteristics and their relationship to global climate

Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans

Volumn 108, Issue 4, 2003, Pages

  Martinson, Douglas G ^a   Iannuzzi, Richard A ^a  

^a Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences   (United States)

Author keywords

ENSO; EOF; Heat flux; OAI; Teleconnecitons

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERE-ICE-OCEAN SYSTEM; EL NINO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; GLOBAL CLIMATE; GYRE; ICE COVER; POLAR REGION; SEA ICE; TELECONNECTION;

WEDDELL SEA;

EID: 0041488803     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21699291     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2000jc000538     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Buell, C. E., The topography of empirical orthogonal functions, in Pre-prints of the Fourth Conference on Probability and Statistics in Atmospheric Science, 188 pp., Am. Meteorol. Soc., Boston, Mass., 1975,
2. Buell, C. E., On the physical interpretation of empirical orthogonal functions, in Preprints of the Sixth Conference on Probability and Statistics in Atmospheric Science, 112 pp., Am. Meteorol. Soc., Boston, Mass., 1979.
3. Cane, M. A., S. E. Zebiak, and S. C. Dolan, Experimental forecasts of El Nino, Nature, 322, 827-832, 1986.
4. Carleton, A. M., Sea-ice atmosphere signal of the Southern Oscillation in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica, J. Clim., 1, 379-388, 1988.
5. Carleton, A. M., Atmospheric teleconnections involving the Southern Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 108(C4), 8080, doi: 10.1029/2000JC000379, 2003.
6. Chiu, L. S., Antarctic Sea ice variations 1973-1980, in Variations in the Global Water Budget, edited by A. Street-Perrott et al., pp. 301-311, D. Reidel, Norwell, Mass., 1983.
7. Evans, M., Sea surface temperature field reconstruction from coral data: Methodology and application, Ph.D. thesis, 117 pp., Columbia Univ., New York, 1999.
8. Fletcher, J. O., Ice extent in the southern oceans and its relations to world climate, J. Glaciol., 15, 417-427, 1969.
9. Gloersen, P., Modulation of hemispheric sea ice covers by ENSO events, Nature, 373, 503-508, 1995.
10. Gordon, A. L., Seasonality of Southern Ocean sea ice, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 4193-4197, 1981.
11. Gordon, A. L., Two stable modes of Southern Ocean winter stratification, in Deep Convection and Deep Water Formation in the Oceans, edited by P. C. Chu and J. C. Gascard, pp. 17-35, Elsevier Sci., New York, 1991.
12. Gordon, A. L., and B. A. Huber, Thermohaline stratification below the Southern Ocean sea ice, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 641-648, 1984.
13. Gordon, A. L., and B. A. Huber, Southern Ocean winter mixed layer, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 11,655-11,672, 1990.
14. Gordon, A. L., B. A. Huber, H. H. Hellmer, and A. Field, Deep and bottom water of the Weddell Sea's western rim, Science, 262, 95-97, 1993.
15. Hines, K. M., and D. H. Bromwich, The roles of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice in forcing global climate, paper presented at Fifth Conference on Polar Meteorology and Oceanography, Dallas, Tex., Am. Meteorol. Soc., Boston, Mass., 1999.
16. Houghton, R. W., and Y. Tourre, Characteristics of low frequency sea surface temperature fluctuations in the tropical Atlantic, J. Clim., 5, 765-771, 1992.
17. Imbrie, J., et al., On the structure and origin of major glaciation cycles, 1: linear responses to Milankovitch forcing, Paleoceanography, 6, 701-738, 1992.
18. James, I. N., On the forcing of planetary-scale Rossby waves by Antarctica, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 114, 619-637, 1988.
19. Kalnay, E., et al., The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 77, 437-471, 1996.
20. Kaplan, A., Y. Kushnir, M. A. Cane, and M. B. Blumenthal, Reduced space optimal analysis for historical data sets: 136 years of Atlantic sea surface temperatures, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 27,835-27,860, 1997.
21. Karoly, D. J., Southern Hemisphere circulation features associated with El Niño-Southern Oscillation events, Am. Meteorol. Soc., 2, 1239-1252, 1989.
22. Katz, R. W., and B. G. Brown, The problem of multiplicity in research on teleconnections, Int. J. Climatol., 11, 505-513, 1991.
23. Kellogg, W. W., Climatic feedback mechanisms involving the polar regions, in Climate of the Arctic, edited by G. Weller and S. A. Bowling, pp. 111-116, Geophys. Inst., Univ. of Alaska, Fairbanks, 1975.
24. Krishnamurti, T. N., S.-H. Chu, and W. Iglesias, On the sea level pressure of the Southern Oscillation, Arch. Meteorol. Geophys. Bioklimatol., Ser. A, 34, 385-425, 1986.
25. Large, W. G., and H. van Loon, Large-scale, low-frequency variability of the 1979 FGGE surface bouy drifts and winds over the Southern Hemisphere, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 216-232, 1989.
26. Ledley, T. S., and Z. Huang, A possible ENSO signal in the Ross Sea, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 3253-3256, 1997.
27. Lemke, P., A coupled one-dimensional sea ice-mixed layer model. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 13,164-13,172, 1987.
28. Liu, J., X. Yuan, D. Rind, and D. G. Martinson, Mechanism study of the ENSO and southern high-latitude climate teleconnections, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(14), 1679, doi: 10.1029/2002GL015143, 2002.
29. Mantua, N. J., S. R. Hare, Y. Zhang, J. M. Wallace, and R. C. Francis, A pacific interdecadal climate oscillation with impacts on salmon production, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 78, 1069-1079, 1997.
30. Martinson, D. G., Evolution of the Southern Ocean winter mixed layer and sea ice: Open ocean deepwater formation and ventilation, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 11,641-11,654, 1990.
31. Martinson, D. G., and R. A. Iannuzzi, Antarctic ocean-ice interaction: Implications from ocean bulk property distributions in the Weddell Gyre, in Antarctic Sea Ice: Physical Processes, Interactions and Variability, Antarct. Res. Ser., vol. 74, edited by M. O. Jeffries, pp. 243-271, AGU, Washington, D. C., 1998.
32. McPhee, M., C. Kottmeier, and J. Morison, Ocean heat flux in the central Weddell Sea during winter, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 29, 1166-1179, 1999.
33. Meehl, G. A., A reexamination of the mechanism of the semiannual oscillation in the Southern Hemisphere, J. Clim., 4, 911-926, 1991.
34. Mitchell, J. F. B., and T. S. Hills, Sea-ice and the Antarctic winter circulation: A numerical experiment, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 112, 953-969, 1986.
35. North, G. R., T. L. Bell, R. F. Calahan, and F. J. Moeng, Sampling errors in the estimation of empirical orthogonal functions, Mon. Weather Rev., 110, 699-706, 1982.
36. Peterson, R. G., and W. B. White, Slow oceanic teleconnections linking the Antarctic Circumpolar Wave with the tropical El Niño-Southern Oscillation, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 24,573-24,584, 1998.
37. Richman, M. B., Rotation of principal components, J. Climatol., 6, 293-335, 1986.
38. 2 climate model sensitivity, 1, The total influence of sea ice thickness and extent, J. Clim., 8, 449-463, 1995.
39. Rind, D., M. Chandler, J. Lerner, D. G. Martinson, and X. Yuan, Climate response to basin-specific changes in latitudinal temperature gradients and implications for sea ice variability, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 20, 161-20, 173, 2001.
40. Ropelewski, C. F., and M. S. Halpert, Global and regional scale precipitation patterns associated with the El Niño/Southern Ocean Oscillation, Mon. Weather Rev., 115, 1606-1626, 1987.
41. Simmonds, I., and M. Dix, The circulation changes induced by the removal of Antarctic sea ice in a July general circulation model, in Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Southern Hemisphere Meteorology, pp. 107-110, Am. Meteorol. Soc., Boston, Mass., 1986.
42. Simmonds, I., and T. H. Jacka, Relationships between the interannual variability of Antarctic sea ice and the Southern Oscillation, J. Clim., 8, 637-647, 1995.
43. Simmonds, I., and R. Law, Associations between Antarctic katabatic flow and the upper level winter vortex, Int. J. Climatol., 15, 403-421, 1995.
44. Simmonds, I., and X. Wu, Cyclone behaviour response to changes in winter southern hemisphere sea-ice concentration. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 119, 1121-1148, 1993.
45. Tanimoto, Y., N. Iwasaka, K. Hanawa, and Y. Toba, Characteristics variations of sea surface temperature in the North Pacific, J. Clim., 6, 1153-1160, 1993.
46. Trenberth, K. E., W. G. Large, and J. G. Olson, The mean annual cycle in global ocean wind stress, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 20, 1742-1760, 1990.
47. van Loon, H., The Southern Oscillation, part III: Associations with the trades and with the trough in the westerlies of the South Pacific Ocean, Mon. Weather Rev., 112, 947-954, 1984.
48. Walker, G. T., Correlation in seasonal variations of weather, VIII, Mem. Indust. Meteorol. Dept., 24, 75-131, 1923.
49. Walsh, J. E., The role of sea ice in climatic variability: Theories and evidence, Atmos. Ocean, 21, 229-242, 1983.
50. Wessel, P., and W. H. F. Smith, Free software helps map and display data. Eos Trans. AGU, 72, 441, 445-446, 1991.
51. White, W. B., S.-C. Chen, and R. G. Peterson, The Antarctic circumpolar wave: A beta effect in ocean-atmosphere coupling over the Southern Ocean, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 28, 2345-2361, 1998.
52. Yuan, X., and D. G. Martinson, Antarctic sea ice variability and its global connectivity, J. Clim., 13, 1697-1717, 2000.
53. Yuan, X., and D. G. Martinson, The Antarctic dipole and its predictability, Geophys, Res. Lett., 28, 3609-3612, 2001.
54. Yuan, X., D. G. Martinson, and W. T. Liu, Effect of air-sea-ice interaction on winter 1996 Southern Ocean subpolar storm distribution, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 1991-2007, 1999.
55. Zhang, Y., J. M. Wallace, and D. S. Battisti, ENSO-like decade-to-century time scale variability: 1900-93, J. Clim., 10, 1004-1020, 1997.