Evolution of the dermal skeleton of vertebrates: Concepts and methods

Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie - Abhandlungen

Volumn 223, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 53-78

  Reif, Wolf Ernst ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TÜBINGEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Conodonts; Odontodes; Paleohistology; Paleozoic vertebrates; Pattern formation

Indexed keywords

CONODONT; CRANIUM; SKELETON; TOOTH; VERTEBRATE;

ANIMALIA; CHORDATA; ODONTODES; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 0041416276     PISSN: 00777749     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. BENDIX-ALMGREN, S. E. (1983): Carcharodon megalodon from the Upper Miocene of Denmark, with comments on elasmobranch tooth enameloid: coronoin. - Bull. geol. Soc. Denmark, 32: 1-32.
2. - (1986): Silurian ostracoderms from Washington Land (North Greenlan), with comments oncyathaspid structure, systematics and plyletic position. - Rapp. Groønlands geol. Unders., 132: 89-123.
3. BENDIX-ALMGREN, S. E. & PEEL, J. S. (1998): Hadimopanella from the Lower Cambrian of North Greenland: structure and affinities. - Bull. Geol. Soc. Denmark, 37: 83-103.
4. BLIECK, A. (1991): At the origin of chordates. - Géobios, 25: 101-113.
5. BRUGGHEN, W. VAN DER & JANVIER, P. (1993): Denticles in thelodonts. - Nature, 364: 107.
6. BURROW, C. J. & TURNER, S. (1998): Devonian placoderm scales from Australia. - J. Vertebr. Paleont., 18: 677-695.
7. COATES, M. I., SEQUEIRA, S. E. K., SANSOM, I. J. & SMITH, M. M. (1998): Spines and tissues of ancient sharks. - Nature, 396: 729-730.
8. FOREY, P. & JANVIER, P. (1993): Agnathans and the origin of jawed vertebrates. -Nature, 361: 129-134.
9. - (1994): Evolution of the early vertebrates. - Amer. Sci., 82: 554-565.
10. GABBOTT, S. E., ALDRIDGE, R. J. & THERON, J. N. (1995): A giant conodont with preserved muscle tissue from the Upper Devonian of South Africa. - Nature, 374: 800-803.
11. GAGNIER, P. Y. (1993): Sacambambaspis janvieri, vertébré ordovicien de Bolivie. 1: Analyse morphologique. 2: Analyse phylogénétique. - Ann. Paléont., 79: 19-51, 119-166.
12. GANS, C. (1987): The neural crest: a spectacular invention. - In: MADERSON, P. F. A. (Ed.): Developmental and Evolutionary Aspects of the Neural Crest, New York (Wiley): 361-379.
13. GANS, C. (1989): Stages in the origin of vertebrates: Analysis by means of scenarios. - Biol. Rev., 64: 221-268.
14. GANS, C. & NORTHCUTT, R. G. (1983): Neural crest and the origin of vertebrates: A new head. - Science, 220: 268-274.
15. GRAVESON, A. C., SMITH, M. M. & HALL, B. (1997): Neural crest potential for tooth development in a urodele amphibian: Developmental and evolutionary significance. - Developm. Biol., 188: 34-42.
16. HALL, B. K. (1999): Evolutionary Developmental Biology. - 2. ed., Dordrecht (Kluwer Academic).
17. HALSTEAD, B. L. (1987): Evolutionary aspects of neural crest-derived skeletogenic cells in the earliest vertebrates. - In: MADERSON, P. F. A. (Ed.): Developmental and Evolutionary Aspects of the Neural Crest, New York (Wiley): 339-358.
18. HUYSSEUNE, A. & SIRE, J.-Y. (1997): Structure and development of teeth in three armoured catfish, Corydoras aeneus, C. arcuatus and Hoplosternum littorale. -Acta Zool., 78: 69-84.
19. - (1998): Evolution of patterns and processes in teeth and tooth related tissues in non-mammalian vertebrates. - Eur. J. Oral Sci., 106: 437-481.
20. JANVIER, P. (1996a): Early Vertebrates. - Oxford Monographs on Geology and Geophysics, 364 pp., Oxford (Clarendon Press).
21. - (1996b): The dawn of the vertebrates: Characters versus common ascent in the rise of current vertebrate phylogenies. - Palaeontol., 39: 259-287.
22. - (1996c): Fishy fragments tip the scales. - Nature, 383: 757-758.
23. - (1998): Les Vertebrés avant le Silurien. - Géobios., 30: 931-950.
24. - (1999): Catching the first fish. - Natur, 402: 21-22.
25. KARATAJUTE-TALIMAA, V. (1992): The early stages of the dermal skeleton formation in chondrichthyans. - Academia, 1 ("Fossil Fishes as Living Animals"): 223-231, Tallinn.
26. - (1995): The Mongolepidida: Scale structure and systematic position. - Géobios, 19: 35-37.
27. - (1997a): Lugalepis - a new genus of elasmobranchs from Devonian of the western part of the Main Devonian Field. - Geologija, 21: 24-54, Vilnius.
28. - (1997b): Taxonomy of loganiid thelodonts - Modern Geol., 21: 1-15.
29. - (1997c): Chondrichthyan scales from Lochkovian (Lower Devonian) of Podolia (Ukraine). - Geologija, 22: 5-17, Vilnius.
30. - (1998): Determination methods for the exoskeletal remains for early vertebrates. - Mitt Mus. Naturkde. Berlin Geowiss. Reihe, 1: 21-52.
31. KARATAJUTE-TALIMAA, V. & NOVITSKAYA, L. I. (1993): Teslepis, a new genus of mongolepid elasmobranch from the lower Silurian of Mongolia. - Paleontol. J., 26: 42-54.
32. MÄRSS, T. & RITCHIE, A. (1998): Articulated theolodonts (Agnatha) of Scotland. -Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh: Earth Sci., 88: 143-195.
33. MALLATT, J. (1996): Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: A new mouth. -Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 117: 329-404.
34. MAISEY, J. G. (1988): Phylogeny of early skeletal induction and ossification patterns. - Evol. Biol., 22: 1-36.
35. NORTHCUTT, R. G. & GANS, C. (1983): The genesis of neural crest and epidermal placodes: A reinterpretation of vertebrate origins. - Quart. Rev. Biol. 58: 1-28.
36. ØRVIG, T. (1951): Histologic studies of placoderms and fossil elasmobranchs. 1. The endoskeleton with remarks on the hard tissues of lower vertebrates in general. -Ark. Zool., 2: 321-454.
37. - (1967): Phylogeny of tooth tissues: Evolution of some calcified tissues in early vertebrates. - In: MILES, A. E. W. (Ed.): Structural and Chemical Organization of Teeth, 1: 45-110, New York (Academic Press).
38. - (1968): The dermal skeleton, general considerations. - In: Current Problems of Vertebrate Phylogeny, Nobel Symposium, 4: 373-397, Stockholm (Almquist & Wiksell).
39. - (1977): A survey of odontodes ("dermal teeth") from the developmental, structural and functional and phyletic points of view. - In: ANDREWS, S. M., MILES, R. S. & WALKER, A. D. (Eds.): Problems in Vertebrate Evolution. - Linn. Soc. Symp. Ser., London, 4: 53-75.
40. - (1989): Histologic studies of ostracoderms, placoderms and fossil elasmobranchs. 6: Hard tissues of Ordovician vertebrates. - Zool. Scr. 18: 427-446.
41. PEEL, J. S. (1979): Anatolepis from the Early Ordovician of East Greenland - not a fisyh tail. - Rapp. Grønlands geol. Unders., 91: 111-115.
42. PRIDMORE, P. A., BARWICK, R. E. & NICOLL, R. S. (1997): Soft anatomy and the affinity of conodonts. - Lethaia, 29: 317-328.
43. PURNELL, M. A. (1995): Microwear on conodont elements and macrophagy in the first vertebrates. - Nature. 374: 798-800.
44. REIF, W.-E. (1974): Morphogenese und Musterbildung im Hautzähnchen-Skelett von Heterodontus. - Lethaia, 7: 25-42.
45. - (1979): Morphogenesis and histology of large scales of batoids (Elasmobranchii). - Paläont. Z., 53: 26-37.
46. - (1982): Evolution of dermal skeleton and dentition in vertebrates: The Odontode Regulation Theory. - Evol. Biol., 15: 287-368.
47. - (1985): Squamation and ecology of sharks. - Cour. Forsch.-Inst. Senckenberg, 78: 1-250, Frankfurt.
48. REIF, W & RICHTER, M. (2001): Revisiting the Lepidomorial and the Odontode Regulation Theories of dermo-skeleton morphogenesis. - N. Jb. Geol. Paläont. Abh., 219: 285-304.
49. RICHTER, M. & SMITH, M. M. (1995): A microstructural study of the ganoine tissue of selected lower vertebrates. - Zool. J. Linn. Soc., London, 114: 173-212.
50. SANSOM, I. J., SMITH, M. M. & SMITH, M. P. (1994): Dentine in conodonts. - Nature, 368:591.
51. - (1996): Scales of thelodont and shark-like fishes from the Ordovician of Colorado. - Nature, 379: 628-630.
52. SANSOM, I. J., SMITH, M. P., SMITH, M. M. & TURNER, P. (1997): Astraspis - the anatomy and histology of an Ordovician fish. - Palaeont., 40: 625-643.
53. SCHAEFFER, B. (1977): The dermal skeleton in fishes. - In: ANDREWS, M., MILES, R. S. & WALKER, A. D. (Eds.): Problems in Vertebrate Evolution, Linnean Society Symposium Series, 4: 25-52.
54. - (1987): Deuterostome monophyly and phylogeny - Evol. Biol., 21: 179-235.
55. SCHULTZE, H.-P. (1996a): Conodont histology: An indicator of vertebrate relationship? - Modern Geol., 20: 275-285.
56. - (1996b): The scales of Mesozoic actinopterygians. - In: ARRATIA, G. & VIOHL, G. (Eds.): Mesozoic Fishes - Systematics and Palcoecology, München (Pfeil): 83-93.
57. SHU, D.-G., LUO, H.-L., CONWAY MORRIS, S., et al. (1999): Lower Cambrian vertebrates from south China. - Nature, 402: 42-46.
58. SIMONETTA, A. M., PUCCI, A. & DZIK, J. (1999): Hypotheses on the origin and early evolution of chordates in the light of recent zoological and paleontological evidence. - Ital. J. Zool., 66: 99-119.
59. SIRE, J.-Y. & HUYSSEURE, A. (1996): Structure and development of the odontodes in an armoured catfish, Corydas aeneus (Siluriformes, Callichthyidae). - Acta Zool., 77: 51-72.
60. SIRE, J. Y., MARIN, S. & ALLIZARD, F. (1998): Comparison of teeth and dermal denticles (odontodes) in the teleost Denticeps clupeoides (Clupeomorpha). - J. Morphol., 237: 237-255.
61. SMITH, M. M. (1989): Distribution and variation in enamel structure in the oral teeth of sarcopterygians: Its significance for the evolution of a protoprismatic enamel. - Historical Biol., 3: 97-126.
62. - (1995): Heterochrony in the evolution of enamel in vertebrates. - In: MC NAMARA, K. J. (Ed.): Evolutionary Change and Heterechrony, Chichester (John Wiley): 125-150.
63. SMITH, M. M. & COATES, M. (1998): Evolutionary origins of the vertebrate dentition: Phylogenetic patterns and developmental evolution. - Eur. J. Oral Sci., 106 (suppl. 1): 482-500.
64. - (in press): The evolution of vertebrate dentitions: Phylogenetic pattern and developmental models.
65. SMITH, M. M. & HALL, B. K. (1990): Developmental and evolutionary origins of vertebrate skeletogenic and odontogenic tissues. - Biol. Rev., 65: 277-374.
66. - (1993): A developmental model for evolution of the vertebrate exoskeleton and teeth: The role of cranial and trunk neural crest. - Evol. Biol. 27: 387-448.
67. SMITH, M. M., HICKMAN, A., AMANZE, D., LUMSDEN, A. & THOROGOOD, P. (1994): Trunk neural crest origin of caudal fin mesenchyme n the zebrafish Brachydanio rerio. - Proc. R. Soc. Lond., B, 256: 137-145.
68. SMITH, M. M. & SANSOM, I. J. (1997): Exoskeletal micro-remains of an Ordovician fish from the Harding sandstone of Colorado. - Palaeont., 40: 645-658.
69. SMITH, M. M., SANSOM, I. J. & SMITH, M. P: (1995): Diversity of the dermal skeleton in Ordovician to Silurian vertebrate taxa from North America: Histology, skeletogenesis and relationships. - Géobios, N. S., 19: 65-70.
70. - (1996): 'Teeth' before armour: The earliest vertebrate mineralized tissues. -Modern Geol., 20: 303-319
71. SMITH, M. P., SANSOM, I. J. & REPETSKY, J. E. (1996): Histology of the first fish. -Nature, 380: 702-704.
72. STENSIÖ, E. A. (1961): Permian vertebrates. - In: RAASCH, G. O. (Ed.): Geology of the Arctic, Toronto: 231-247.
73. STENSIÖ, E. A. & ØRvic, T. (1951): On the scales of elasmobranchs. - Unpubl. Ms., Stockholm.
74. THOMSON, K. S. (1977): On the Biology of cosmine. - Yale Univ., Peabody Mus. Natur. Hist. Bull., 40.
75. TURNER, S. (1991): Monophyly and interrelationships of the Thelodonti. - In: CHANG, M.-M., LIU, Y.-H. & ZHNAG, G.-R. (Eds.): Early Vertebrates and Related Problems of Evolutionary Biology. - Beijing (Science Press): 87-115.
76. - (1992): Thelodont lifestyles. - In. MARK-KURIK, E. (Ed.): Fossil Fishes as Living Animals (Proe. II. Intern. Colloqu. Middle Paleoz. Fishes), Academia, 1: 21-40, Tallinn.
77. WILSON, M. V. H. & CALDWELL, M. W. (1998): The Furcacaudiformes: A new order of jawless vertebrates with thelodont scales, based on articulated Silurian and Devonian fossils from Northern Canada. - J. Vertebr. Paleont., 18: 10-29.
78. YOUNG, G. C. (1982): Devonian sharks from south-eastern Australia and Antarctica. - Palaeont., 25: 817-843
79. - (1997): Ordovician microvertebrate remains from the Amadeus Basin, Central Australia. - J. Vert. Paleont., 17: 1-25.
80. YOUNG, G. C., KARATAJUTE-TALIMAA, V. N. & SMITH, M. M. (1996): A possible Late Cambrian vertebrate from Australia. - Nature, 383: 810-812.
81. ZHU, M. & JANVIER, P. (1998): The histological structure of the endoskeleton in galeaspids (Galeaspida, Vertebrata). - J. Vertebr. Paleont., 18: 650-654.
82. ZHU, M. & SCHULTZE, H.-P. (1997): The oldest sarcopterygian fish. - Lethaia, 30: 293-304.
83. ZIMMER, C. (2000): In search of vertebrate origins: Beyond brain and bone. -Science, 287: 1576-1579.