Global trade as a single undertaking: The role of ministers in the WTO

International Journal

Volumn 51, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 691-709

  Wolfe, Robert ^a  

^a QUEEN S UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0041414544     PISSN: 00207020     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/002070209605100406     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. 'Openness in the postwar period,' in Internationl Monetary Fund (IMF), World Economic Outlook (Washington DC: IMF, October 1994), 89; and, 'The pace of global integration,' in International Trade: Trends and Statistics (Geneva: World Trade Organization 1995), 15-22.
2. 'Openness in the postwar period,' in Internationl Monetary Fund (IMF), World Economic Outlook (Washington DC: IMF, October 1994), 89; and, 'The pace of global integration,' in International Trade: Trends and Statistics (Geneva: World Trade Organization 1995), 15-22.
3. 'Real non-oil commodity prices,' in IMF, World Economic Outlook (1994), 92; GATT, International Trade 87-88 (Geneva: GATT 1988), vol I, 13-66, vol II, 39, Tables AC1 and AC3; Maragaret Kelly and Anne Kenny McGuirk, Issues and Developments in International Trade Policy (Washington DC: IMF 1992), 10-11; and IMF, 'Increasing openness of developing countries - opportunities and risks,' in World Economic Outlook (Washington DC: IMF October 1995), 45.
4. 'Real non-oil commodity prices,' in IMF, World Economic Outlook (1994), 92; GATT, International Trade 87-88 (Geneva: GATT 1988), vol I, 13-66, vol II, 39, Tables AC1 and AC3; Maragaret Kelly and Anne Kenny McGuirk, Issues and Developments in International Trade Policy (Washington DC: IMF 1992), 10-11; and IMF, 'Increasing openness of developing countries - opportunities and risks,' in World Economic Outlook (Washington DC: IMF October 1995), 45.
5. 'Real non-oil commodity prices,' in IMF, World Economic Outlook (1994), 92; GATT, International Trade 87-88 (Geneva: GATT 1988), vol I, 13-66, vol II, 39, Tables AC1 and AC3; Maragaret Kelly and Anne Kenny McGuirk, Issues and Developments in International Trade Policy (Washington DC: IMF 1992), 10-11; and IMF, 'Increasing openness of developing countries - opportunities and risks,' in World Economic Outlook (Washington DC: IMF October 1995), 45.
6. 'Real non-oil commodity prices,' in IMF, World Economic Outlook (1994), 92; GATT, International Trade 87-88 (Geneva: GATT 1988), vol I, 13-66, vol II, 39, Tables AC1 and AC3; Maragaret Kelly and Anne Kenny McGuirk, Issues and Developments in International Trade Policy (Washington DC: IMF 1992), 10-11; and IMF, 'Increasing openness of developing countries - opportunities and risks,' in World Economic Outlook (Washington DC: IMF October 1995), 45.
7. 'Real non-oil commodity prices,' in IMF, World Economic Outlook (1994), 92; GATT, International Trade 87-88 (Geneva: GATT 1988), vol I, 13-66, vol II, 39, Tables AC1 and AC3; Maragaret Kelly and Anne Kenny McGuirk, Issues and Developments in International Trade Policy (Washington DC: IMF 1992), 10-11; and IMF, 'Increasing openness of developing countries - opportunities and risks,' in World Economic Outlook (Washington DC: IMF October 1995), 45.
8. See 'Trade policies of developing countries' in Kelly and McGuirk, Issues and Developments; Judith M. Dean, 'The trade policy revolution in developing countries,' in Sven Arndt and Chris Milner, eds, The World Economy: Global Trade Policy 1995 (Oxford: Blackwell 1995), 173-89; Anne O. Krueger, Trade Policies and Developing Nations (Washington DC: Brookings Institution 1995); and 'The WTO and the developing countries,' in WTO Focus 1 (January-February 1995), 7-10.
9. See 'Trade policies of developing countries' in Kelly and McGuirk, Issues and Developments; Judith M. Dean, 'The trade policy revolution in developing countries,' in Sven Arndt and Chris Milner, eds, The World Economy: Global Trade Policy 1995 (Oxford: Blackwell 1995), 173-89; Anne O. Krueger, Trade Policies and Developing Nations (Washington DC: Brookings Institution 1995); and 'The WTO and the developing countries,' in WTO Focus 1 (January-February 1995), 7-10.
10. See 'Trade policies of developing countries' in Kelly and McGuirk, Issues and Developments; Judith M. Dean, 'The trade policy revolution in developing countries,' in Sven Arndt and Chris Milner, eds, The World Economy: Global Trade Policy 1995 (Oxford: Blackwell 1995), 173-89; Anne O. Krueger, Trade Policies and Developing Nations (Washington DC: Brookings Institution 1995); and 'The WTO and the developing countries,' in WTO Focus 1 (January-February 1995), 7-10.
11. See 'Trade policies of developing countries' in Kelly and McGuirk, Issues and Developments; Judith M. Dean, 'The trade policy revolution in developing countries,' in Sven Arndt and Chris Milner, eds, The World Economy: Global Trade Policy 1995 (Oxford: Blackwell 1995), 173-89; Anne O. Krueger, Trade Policies and Developing Nations (Washington DC: Brookings Institution 1995); and 'The WTO and the developing countries,' in WTO Focus 1 (January-February 1995), 7-10.
12. John Whalley, 'Developing countries and system strengthening in the Uruguay Round,' in Will Martin and L. Alan Winters, eds, The Uruguay Round and the Developing Countries (Washington DC: World Bank 1995); see also John Whalley and Colleen Hamilton, The Trading System After the Uruguay Round (Washington DC: Institute for International Economics 1996).
13. John Whalley, 'Developing countries and system strengthening in the Uruguay Round,' in Will Martin and L. Alan Winters, eds, The Uruguay Round and the Developing Countries (Washington DC: World Bank 1995); see also John Whalley and Colleen Hamilton, The Trading System After the Uruguay Round (Washington DC: Institute for International Economics 1996).
14. See Robert Wolfe, Farm Wars: The Political Economy of Agriculture and the Uruguay Round (London: Macmillan forthcoming).
15. John Croome, Reshaping the World Trading System: A History of the Uruguay Round (Geneva: WTO 1995), 322.
16. Miles Kahler, 'Multilateralism with small and large numbers,' in John Gerard Ruggie, ed, Multilateralism Matters: The Theory and Praxis of an Institutional Form (NewYork: Columbia University Press 1993), 321.
17. An informal group of agricultural exporting countries, including Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Fiji, Hungary, Indonesia, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines, Thailand, and Uruguay. See their May 1994 communiqué.
18. The expanding agenda for the trading system and its effect on state/society relations may also require other forms of enhanced political engagement in the WTO, but that is a subject for another paper. On the broad issues, see David Held, Democracy and the Global Order: From the Modern State to Cosmopolitan Governance (Cambridge: Polity Press 1995).
19. Ruggieros' views on globalization and the WTO are reported in WTO Focus 9 (March-April 1996), 3-4.
20. Miles Kahler, International Institutions and the Political Economy of Integration (Washington DC: Brookings Institution 1995).
21. Frederick K. Lister, Decision-Making Strategies in International Organizations: The IMF Model (Denver CO; University of Denver 1984).
22. Margaret Garritsen de Vries, International Monetary Fund 1972-1978: Cooperation On Trial (Washington DC: IMF 1985), vol II, 967; vol III, 213-4, 576-7.
23. Margaret Garritsen de Vries, International Monetary Fund 1972-1978: Cooperation On Trial (Washington DC: IMF 1985), vol II, 967; vol III, 213-4, 576-7.
24. GATT, Trade Policies for a Better Future (Geneva: GATT 1985), 48.
25. Jackson, Restructuring the GATT System, 16.
26. The CG-18 was established on 11 July 1975 (GATT: Basic Instruments and Selected Documents [BISD] 22S/15); made permanent on 22 November 1979 (BISD 26S/289); suspended since 1988 (BISD 35S/293). The last meeting was held on 21-22 September 1987.
27. Croome, Reshaping the World Trading System, 156, 274. See the chapter on the negotiating group on the Functioning of the GATT System (FOGS) in Terence P. Stewart, The GATT Uruguay Round: A Negotiating History (1986-1992) (Deventer & Boston: Kluwer Law and Taxation Publishers 1993).
28. Croome, Reshaping the World Trading System, 156, 274. See the chapter on the negotiating group on the Functioning of the GATT System (FOGS) in Terence P. Stewart, The GATT Uruguay Round: A Negotiating History (1986-1992) (Deventer & Boston: Kluwer Law and Taxation Publishers 1993).
29. John H. Jackson, Restructuring the GATT System (New York: Council on Foreign Relations 1990), 96; and John H. Jackson, 'The World Trade Organization: watershed innovation or cautious small step forward?,' in Arndt and Milner, eds, The World Economy, 25.
30. John H. Jackson, Restructuring the GATT System (New York: Council on Foreign Relations 1990), 96; and John H. Jackson, 'The World Trade Organization: watershed innovation or cautious small step forward?,' in Arndt and Milner, eds, The World Economy, 25.
31. C. Fred Bergsten, 'Globalizing free trade,' Foreign Affairs 75 (May/June 1996), 105-20.
32. John Holmes, 'Most safely in the middle,' International Journal 34 (spring 1984), 367-88.