메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 71-125

Rule-Learning Events in the Acquisition of a Complex Skill: An Evaluation of Cascade

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 0041381613     PISSN: 10508406     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1207/s15327809jls0801_3     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (101)

References (74)
  • 1
    • 58149405254 scopus 로고
    • The acquisition of cognitive skill
    • Anderson, J. R. (1982). The acquisition of cognitive skill. Psychological Review, 89, 369-406.
    • (1982) Psychological Review , vol.89 , pp. 369-406
    • Anderson, J.R.1
  • 3
    • 0004102787 scopus 로고
    • Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    • Anderson, J. R. (1993). Rules of the mind. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    • (1993) Rules of the Mind
    • Anderson, J.R.1
  • 5
    • 33845566238 scopus 로고
    • Training in self-explanation and self-regulation strategies: Investigating the effects of knowledge acquisition activities on problem-solving
    • Bielaczyc, K., Pirolli, P., & Brown, A. L. (1995). Training in self-explanation and self-regulation strategies: Investigating the effects of knowledge acquisition activities on problem-solving. Cognition and Instruction, 13, 221-252.
    • (1995) Cognition and Instruction , vol.13 , pp. 221-252
    • Bielaczyc, K.1    Pirolli, P.2    Brown, A.L.3
  • 7
    • 0000165061 scopus 로고
    • Learning by analogy: Formulating and generalizing plans from past experience
    • In R. S. Michalski, J. G. Carbonell, & T. M. Mitchell (Eds.), Palo Alto, CA: Tioga
    • Carbonell, J. G. (1983). Learning by analogy: Formulating and generalizing plans from past experience. In R. S. Michalski, J. G. Carbonell, & T. M. Mitchell (Eds.), Machine learning: An artificial intelligence approach (pp. 137-162). Palo Alto, CA: Tioga.
    • (1983) Machine Learning: an Artificial Intelligence Approach , pp. 137-162
    • Carbonell, J.G.1
  • 8
    • 0000972865 scopus 로고
    • Derivational analogy: A theory of reconstructive problem solving and expertise acquisition
    • In R. S. Michalski, J. G. Carbonell, & T. M. Mitchell (Eds.), San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufman
    • Carbonell, J. G. (1986). Derivational analogy: A theory of reconstructive problem solving and expertise acquisition. In R. S. Michalski, J. G. Carbonell, & T. M. Mitchell (Eds.), Machine learning: An artificial intelligence approach (Vol. 2, pp. 371-392). San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufman.
    • (1986) Machine Learning: an Artificial Intelligence Approach , vol.2 , pp. 371-392
    • Carbonell, J.G.1
  • 9
    • 0040577762 scopus 로고
    • Self-explanations: How students study and use examples in learning to solve problems
    • Chi, M.T.H., Bassok, M., Lewis, M. W., Reimann, P., & Glaser, R. (1989). Self-explanations: How students study and use examples in learning to solve problems. Cognitive Science, 15, 145-182.
    • (1989) Cognitive Science , vol.15 , pp. 145-182
    • Chi, M.T.H.1    Bassok, M.2    Lewis, M.W.3    Reimann, P.4    Glaser, R.5
  • 12
    • 4243491832 scopus 로고
    • EFH-Soar: Modeling education in highly interactive microworlds
    • New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Conati, C., & Fain Lehman, J. (1993). EFH-Soar: Modeling education in highly interactive microworlds. Lecture notes in artificial intelligence. New York: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1993) Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence
    • Conati, C.1    Fain Lehman, J.2
  • 15
    • 84455175167 scopus 로고
    • Towards an epistemology of physics
    • di Sessa, A. A. (1993).Towards an epistemology of physics. Cognition and Instruction, 10, 105-225.
    • (1993) Cognition and Instruction , vol.10 , pp. 105-225
    • Di Sessa, A.A.1
  • 16
    • 0347453929 scopus 로고
    • Motivational processes affecting learning
    • Dweck, C. S. (1986). Motivational processes affecting learning. American Psychologist, 41, 1040-1048.
    • (1986) American Psychologist , vol.41 , pp. 1040-1048
    • Dweck, C.S.1
  • 17
    • 58149372679 scopus 로고
    • A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality
    • Dweck, C. S., & Leggett, E. L. (1988). A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality. Psychological Review, 95, 256-273.
    • (1988) Psychological Review , vol.95 , pp. 256-273
    • Dweck, C.S.1    Leggett, E.L.2
  • 18
    • 38249016204 scopus 로고
    • Modeling novice-to-expert shifts in problem-solving strategy and knowledge organization
    • Elio, R., & Scharf, P. B. (1990). Modeling novice-to-expert shifts in problem-solving strategy and knowledge organization. Cognitive Science, 14, 579-639.
    • (1990) Cognitive Science , vol.14 , pp. 579-639
    • Elio, R.1    Scharf, P.B.2
  • 19
    • 84963164530 scopus 로고
    • Studying physics texts: Differences in study processes between good and poor solvers
    • Ferguson-Hessler, M. G. M., & Jong, T. D. (1990). Studying physics texts: Differences in study processes between good and poor solvers. Cognition and Instruction, 7, 41-54.
    • (1990) Cognition and Instruction , vol.7 , pp. 41-54
    • Ferguson-Hessler, M.G.M.1    Jong, T.D.2
  • 22
    • 0009977270 scopus 로고
    • Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of California, Irvine
    • Jones, R. (1989). A model of retrieval in problem solving. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of California, Irvine.
    • (1989) A Model of Retrieval in Problem Solving
    • Jones, R.1
  • 24
    • 0028464785 scopus 로고
    • Acquisition of children's addition strategies: A model of impasse-free, knowledge-level learning
    • Jones, R. M., & VanLehn, K. (1994). Acquisition of children's addition strategies: A model of impasse-free, knowledge-level learning. Machine Learning, 16, 11-36.
    • (1994) Machine Learning , vol.16 , pp. 11-36
    • Jones, R.M.1    VanLehn, K.2
  • 25
    • 0041174662 scopus 로고
    • A hybrid model of learning to solve physics problems
    • Lamberts, K. (1990). A hybrid model of learning to solve physics problems. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 3, 151-170.
    • (1990) European Journal of Cognitive Psychology , vol.3 , pp. 151-170
    • Lamberts, K.1
  • 26
    • 0003268386 scopus 로고
    • A general theory of discrimination learning
    • In D. Klaht, P. Langley, & R. Neches (Eds.), Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
    • Langley, P. (1987). A general theory of discrimination learning. In D. Klaht, P. Langley, & R. Neches (Eds.), Production system models of learning and develop ment (pp. 99-161). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
    • (1987) Production System Models of Learning and Development , pp. 99-161
    • Langley, P.1
  • 27
    • 0345963775 scopus 로고
    • A unified framework for planning and learning
    • In S. Minton (Ed.), San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann
    • Langley, P., & Allen, J. (1993). A unified framework for planning and learning. In S. Minton (Ed.), Machine learning methods for planning. San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.
    • (1993) Machine Learning Methods for Planning
    • Langley, P.1    Allen, J.2
  • 29
    • 0002888748 scopus 로고
    • Enriching formal knowledge: A model for learning to solve textbook physics problems
    • In J. R. Anderson (Ed.), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    • Larkin, J. H. (1981). Enriching formal knowledge: A model for learning to solve textbook physics problems. In J. R. Anderson (Ed.), Cognitive skills and their acquisition (pp. 311-334). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    • (1981) Cognitive Skills and Their Acquisition , pp. 311-334
    • Larkin, J.H.1
  • 30
    • 0002508073 scopus 로고
    • The progressive construction of mind
    • Lawler, R. W. (1991). The progressive construction of mind. Cognitive Science, 5, 1-30.
    • (1991) Cognitive Science , vol.5 , pp. 1-30
    • Lawler, R.W.1
  • 31
    • 38249031637 scopus 로고
    • Why and how to learn why: Analysis-based generalization of procedures
    • Lewis, C. (1988). Why and how to learn why: Analysis-based generalization of procedures. Cognitive Science, 12, 211-256.
    • (1988) Cognitive Science , vol.12 , pp. 211-256
    • Lewis, C.1
  • 32
    • 0002831503 scopus 로고
    • Learning by problem solving versus by examples: The benefits of generating and receiving information
    • In J. Kruschke (Ed.), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    • Lovett, M. C. (1992). Learning by problem solving versus by examples: The benefits of generating and receiving information. In J. Kruschke (Ed.), Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 956-961). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    • (1992) Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society , pp. 956-961
    • Lovett, M.C.1
  • 33
    • 0019291165 scopus 로고
    • Curvilinear motion in the absence of external forces: Naive beliefs about the motion of objects
    • McCloskey, M., Caramazza, A., & Green, B. (1980). Curvilinear motion in the absence of external forces: Naive beliefs about the motion of objects. Science, 210, 1139-1141.
    • (1980) Science , vol.210 , pp. 1139-1141
    • McCloskey, M.1    Caramazza, A.2    Green, B.3
  • 35
    • 0003153507 scopus 로고
    • Learning through incremental refinement of procedures
    • In D. Klahr, P. Langley, & R. Neches (Eds.), Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
    • Neches, R. (1987). Learning through incremental refinement of procedures. In D. Klahr, P. Langley, & R. Neches (Eds.), Production system models of learning and development (pp. 163-219). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
    • (1987) Production System Models of Learning and Development , pp. 163-219
    • Neches, R.1
  • 38
    • 0043159747 scopus 로고
    • Transfer of training in procedural learning: A matter of conjectures and refutations?
    • In L. Bolc (Ed.), New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Ohlsson, S. (1987). Transfer of training in procedural learning: A matter of conjectures and refutations? In L. Bolc (Ed.), Computational models of learning (pp. 55-88). New York: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1987) Computational Models of Learning , pp. 55-88
    • Ohlsson, S.1
  • 39
    • 0040161024 scopus 로고
    • The interaction between knowledge and practice in the acquisition of cognitive skills
    • A. Merowitz & S. Chipman (Eds.), Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer
    • Ohlsson, S. (1993). The interaction between knowledge and practice in the acquisition of cognitive skills. In A. Merowitz & S. Chipman (Eds.), Cognitive models of complex learning (pp. 147-208). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer.
    • (1993) Cognitive Models of Complex Learning , pp. 147-208
    • Ohlsson, S.1
  • 40
    • 1542577265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning from performance errors
    • Ohlsson, S. (1996). Learning from performance errors. Psychological Review, 103, 241-262.
    • (1996) Psychological Review , vol.103 , pp. 241-262
    • Ohlsson, S.1
  • 42
    • 85168773597 scopus 로고
    • The role of prior causal theories in generalization
    • In T. Kehler, S. Rosenschein, R. Filman, & P. F. Patel-Schneider (Eds.), Menlo Park, CA: Morgan Kaufman
    • Pazzani, M., Myer, M., & Flowers, M. (1986). The role of prior causal theories in generalization. In T. Kehler, S. Rosenschein, R. Filman, & P. F. Patel-Schneider (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (pp. 545-550). Menlo Park, CA: Morgan Kaufman.
    • (1986) Proceedings of the Fifth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence , pp. 545-550
    • Pazzani, M.1    Myer, M.2    Flowers, M.3
  • 43
    • 0008462506 scopus 로고
    • Empirical analyses of self-explanation and transfer in learning to program
    • Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    • Pirolli, P., & Bielaczyc, K. (1989). Empirical analyses of self-explanation and transfer in learning to program. In Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 459-457). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    • (1989) Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society , pp. 459-1457
    • Pirolli, P.1    Bielaczyc, K.2
  • 44
    • 0001486010 scopus 로고
    • Learning strategies and transfer in the domain of programming
    • Pirolli, P., & Recker, M. (1994). Learning strategies and transfer in the domain of programming. Cognition and Instruction, 12, 235-275.
    • (1994) Cognition and Instruction , vol.12 , pp. 235-275
    • Pirolli, P.1    Recker, M.2
  • 45
    • 0039382115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The acquisition of informal physics knowledge during formal physics training
    • Ploetzner, R., & VanLehn, K. (1997). The acquisition of informal physics knowledge during formal physics training. Cognition and Instruction, 15, 169-206.
    • (1997) Cognition and Instruction , vol.15 , pp. 169-206
    • Ploetzner, R.1    VanLehn, K.2
  • 46
    • 85004857175 scopus 로고
    • New light on novice-expert differences in physics problem solving
    • Priest, A. G., & Lindsay, R. O. (1992). New light on novice-expert differences in physics problem solving. British Journal of Psychology, 83, 389-405.
    • (1992) British Journal of Psychology , vol.83 , pp. 389-405
    • Priest, A.G.1    Lindsay, R.O.2
  • 47
    • 85152932024 scopus 로고
    • Incremental learning of explanation patterns and their indices
    • In B. Porter & R. Mooney (Eds.), Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufman
    • Ram, A. (1990). Incremental learning of explanation patterns and their indices. In B. Porter & R. Mooney (Eds.), Machine learning: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference (pp. 313-320). Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufman.
    • (1990) Machine Learning: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference , pp. 313-320
    • Ram, A.1
  • 48
    • 0004734554 scopus 로고
    • Introspective reasoning using meta-explanations for multistrategy learning
    • In R. Michalski & G. Tecuci (Eds.), San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann
    • Ram, A., & Cox, M. (1994). Introspective reasoning using meta-explanations for multistrategy learning. In R. Michalski & G. Tecuci (Eds.), Machine learning: A multistrategy approach (Vol. 4, pp. 349-377). San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.
    • (1994) Machine Learning: a Multistrategy Approach , vol.4 , pp. 349-377
    • Ram, A.1    Cox, M.2
  • 49
    • 0006419254 scopus 로고
    • Learning to troubleshoot: Multistrategy learning of diagnostic knowledge for a real-world problem-solving task
    • Ram, A., Narayanan, S., & Cox, M. T. (1995). Learning to troubleshoot: Multistrategy learning of diagnostic knowledge for a real-world problem-solving task. Cognitive Science, 19, 289-340.
    • (1995) Cognitive Science , vol.19 , pp. 289-340
    • Ram, A.1    Narayanan, S.2    Cox, M.T.3
  • 50
    • 0002788559 scopus 로고
    • Modeling individual differences in students' learning strategies
    • Recker, M. M., & Pirolli, P. (1995). Modeling individual differences in students' learning strategies. The Journal of the Learning Sciences, 4, 1-38.
    • (1995) The Journal of the Learning Sciences , vol.4 , pp. 1-38
    • Recker, M.M.1    Pirolli, P.2
  • 51
    • 77956727184 scopus 로고
    • Understanding and using worked-out examples: A computational model
    • In G. S. a. K. F. Wender (Ed.), Amsterdam: Elsevier
    • Reimann, P., & Schult, T. J. (1993). Understanding and using worked-out examples: A computational model. In G. S. a. K. F. Wender (Ed.), The cognitive psychology of knowledge (pp. 177-201). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
    • (1993) The Cognitive Psychology of Knowledge , pp. 177-201
    • Reimann, P.1    Schult, T.J.2
  • 52
    • 0009977271 scopus 로고
    • A learning strategy model for worked-out examples
    • In P. Brna, S. Ohlsson, & H. Pain (Eds.), Charlottesville, VA: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education
    • Reimann, P., Wichmann, S., & Schult, T., J. (1993). A learning strategy model for worked-out examples. In P. Brna, S. Ohlsson, & H. Pain (Eds.), Artificial intelligence in education: Proceedings of AI-ED93 (pp. 290-297). Charlottesville, VA: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education.
    • (1993) Artificial Intelligence in Education: Proceedings of AI-ED93 , pp. 290-297
    • Reimann, P.1    Wichmann, S.2    Schult, T.J.3
  • 53
    • 85034131266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning from worked-examples: A study on individual differences
    • in press
    • Renkl, A. (in press). Learning from worked-examples: A study on individual differences. Cognitive Science.
    • Cognitive Science
    • Renkl, A.1
  • 54
    • 0008060063 scopus 로고
    • Tower noticing triggers strategy change in the Tower of Hanoi: A Soar model
    • In G. Ohlsson & E. Smith (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    • Ruiz, D., & Newell, A. (1989). Tower noticing triggers strategy change in the Tower of Hanoi: A Soar model. In G. Ohlsson & E. Smith (Eds.), Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 522-529). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    • (1989) Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society , pp. 522-529
    • Ruiz, D.1    Newell, A.2
  • 57
    • 85121571296 scopus 로고
    • Learning: The microgenetic analysis of one student's evolving understanding of a complex subject matter domain
    • In R. Glaser (Ed.), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    • Schoenfeld, A. H., Smith, J. P., & Arcavi, A. (1993). Learning: The microgenetic analysis of one student's evolving understanding of a complex subject matter domain. In R. Glaser (Ed.), Advances in instructional psychology (Vol. 4, pp. 55-177). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    • (1993) Advances in Instructional Psychology , vol.4 , pp. 55-177
    • Schoenfeld, A.H.1    Smith, J.P.2    Arcavi, A.3
  • 59
    • 0142205794 scopus 로고
    • Theory change via view applications in instructionless learning
    • Shrager, J. (1987). Theory change via view applications in instructionless learning. Machine Learning, 2, 247-276.
    • (1987) Machine Learning , vol.2 , pp. 247-276
    • Shrager, J.1
  • 60
    • 0003302042 scopus 로고
    • Commonsense perception and the psychology of theory formation
    • In J. Shrager & P. Langley (Eds.), San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann
    • Shrager, J. (1990). Commonsense perception and the psychology of theory formation. In J. Shrager & P. Langley (Eds.), Computational models of scientific discovery and theory formation (pp. 437-470). San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.
    • (1990) Computational Models of Scientific Discovery and Theory Formation , pp. 437-470
    • Shrager, J.1
  • 61
    • 0022763517 scopus 로고
    • Instructionless learning about a complex device: The paradigm and observations
    • Shrager, J., & Klahr, D. (1986). Instructionless learning about a complex device: The paradigm and observations. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 25, 153-189.
    • (1986) International Journal of Man-Machine Studies , vol.25 , pp. 153-189
    • Shrager, J.1    Klahr, D.2
  • 64
    • 0023151233 scopus 로고
    • Learning one subprocedure per lesson
    • VanLehn, K. (1987). Learning one subprocedure per lesson. Artificial Intelligence, 31, 1-40.
    • (1987) Artificial Intelligence , vol.31 , pp. 1-40
    • VanLehn, K.1
  • 65
    • 0002507911 scopus 로고
    • Rule acquisition events in the discovery of problem solving strategies
    • VanLehn, K. (1991). Rule acquisition events in the discovery of problem solving strategies. Cognitive Science, 15, 1-47.
    • (1991) Cognitive Science , vol.15 , pp. 1-47
    • VanLehn, K.1
  • 66
    • 84949984927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conceptual and meta learning during coached problem solving
    • In C. Frasson, G. Gauthier, & A. Lesgold (Eds.), New York: Springer-Verlag
    • VanLehn, K. (1996). Conceptual and meta learning during coached problem solving. In C. Frasson, G. Gauthier, & A. Lesgold (Eds.), ITS96: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems (pp. 29-47). New York: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1996) ITS96: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems , pp. 29-47
    • VanLehn, K.1
  • 67
    • 85034125100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analogy events: How examples are used during problem solving
    • in press
    • VanLehn, K. (in press). Analogy events: How examples are used during problem solving. Cognitive Science.
    • Cognitive Science
    • VanLehn, K.1
  • 68
    • 0039333396 scopus 로고
    • Explanation-based learning of correctness: Towards a model of the self-explanation effect
    • In M. Piattelli-Palmarini (Ed.), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    • VanLehn, K., Ball, W., & Kowalski, B. (1990). Explanation-based learning of correctness: Towards a model of the self-explanation effect. In M. Piattelli-Palmarini (Ed.), Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 717-724). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    • (1990) Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society , pp. 717-724
    • VanLehn, K.1    Ball, W.2    Kowalski, B.3
  • 69
    • 80051737429 scopus 로고
    • Better learners use analogical problem solving sparingly
    • In P. E. Utgoff (Ed.), San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann
    • VanLehn, K., & Jones, R. M. (1993a). Better learners use analogical problem solving sparingly. In P. E. Utgoff (Ed.), Machine learning: Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Conference (pp. 338-345). San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.
    • (1993) Machine Learning: Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Conference , pp. 338-345
    • VanLehn, K.1    Jones, R.M.2
  • 70
    • 0002228998 scopus 로고
    • Integration of analogical search control and explanation-based learning of correctness
    • In S. Minton (Ed.), Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufmann
    • VanLehn, K., & Jones, R. M. (1993b). Integration of analogical search control and explanation-based learning of correctness. In S. Minton (Ed.), Machine learning methods for planning (pp. 273-315). Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.
    • (1993) Machine Learning Methods for Planning , pp. 273-315
    • VanLehn, K.1    Jones, R.M.2
  • 71
    • 0010935729 scopus 로고
    • Learning by explaining examples to oneself: A computational model
    • In S. Chipman & A. Meyrowitz (Eds.), Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer
    • VanLehn, K., & Jones, R. M. (1993c). Learning by explaining examples to oneself: A computational model. In S. Chipman & A. Meyrowitz (Eds.), Cognitive models of complex learning (pp. 25-82). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer.
    • (1993) Cognitive Models of Complex Learning , pp. 25-82
    • VanLehn, K.1    Jones, R.M.2
  • 72
    • 0001797231 scopus 로고
    • What mediates the self-explanation effect? Knowledge gaps, schemas or analogies?
    • In M. Poison (Ed.), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    • VanLehn, K., & Jones, R. M. (1993d). What mediates the self-explanation effect? Knowledge gaps, schemas or analogies? In M. Poison (Ed.), Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 1034-1039). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    • (1993) Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society , pp. 1034-1039
    • VanLehn, K.1    Jones, R.M.2
  • 74
    • 0347224999 scopus 로고
    • A tight integration of deductive and inductive learning
    • In A. M. Segre (Ed.), Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufman
    • Widmer, G. (1989). A tight integration of deductive and inductive learning. In A. M. Segre (Ed.), Proceedings of the Sixth International Workshop on Machine Learning (pp. 11-13). Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufman.
    • (1989) Proceedings of the Sixth International Workshop on Machine Learning , pp. 11-13
    • Widmer, G.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.