Factors associated with depression in a representative sample of 14 217 people aged 75 and over in the United Kingdom: Results from the MRC trial of assessment and management of older people in the community

International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

Volumn 18, Issue 7, 2003, Pages 623-630

  Osborn, David P J ^a   Fletcher, Astrid E ^a   Smeeth, Liam ^a   Stirling, Susan ^a   Bulpitt, Christopher J ^b   Breeze, Elizabeth ^a   Ng, Edmond S W ^a   Nunes, Maria ^b   Jones, Dee ^c   Tulloch, Alistair ^d  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

^b IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c CARDIFF UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Chronic disease px (psychology); Depressive disorder ep (epidemiology); Female; Life events; Regression analysis; Risk Factors; Smoking; Social support

Indexed keywords

AGE; AGED; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ALCOHOLISM; ARTICLE; COMMUNITY CARE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DATA ANALYSIS; DEMOGRAPHY; DEPRESSION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DIVORCE; ELDERLY CARE; FEMALE; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; LIFE EVENT; LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MARRIAGE; PHYSICAL DISEASE; POPULATION RESEARCH; PREVALENCE; RATING SCALE; RESIDENTIAL HOME; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; RISK MANAGEMENT; SAMPLE SIZE; SEX DIFFERENCE; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; SMOKING; SOCIAL ASPECT; SOCIAL ISOLATION; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; UNITED KINGDOM; WIDOW;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; FEMALE; GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT; GREAT BRITAIN; HUMANS; MALE; RESIDENCE CHARACTERISTICS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; STATISTICS;

EID: 0041368647     PISSN: 08856230     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/gps.896     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Almeida OP, Almeida SA. 1999. Short versions of the geriatric depression scale: A study of their validity for the diagnosis of a major depressive episode according to ICD-10 and DSM-IV. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 14: 858-865.
2. Ames D. 1991. Epidemiological studies of depression among the elderly in residential and nursing homes. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 6: 347-354.
3. Blazer D, Burchett B, Service C, et al. 1991. The association of age and depression among the elderly: An epidemiologic exploration. J Gerontol 46(6): M210-M215.
4. Brown GW, Harris T, Adler Z, et al. 1986. Social support, self esteem and depression. Psycholog Med 16: 813-831.
5. Burke WJ, Roccaforte WH, Wengel SP. 1991. The short term of the Geriatric Depression Scale: A comparison wiht the 30-item form. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 4(3): 173-178.
6. Cochran W. 1997. Sampling Techniques. John Wiley: New York.
7. Copeland JRM, Dewey ME, Wood N, et al. 1987. Range of mental illness among the elderly in the community: Prevalence in liverpool using the GMS-AGECAT package. Br J Psychiatry 150: 815-823.
8. Department of Health. 2001. National Service Framework for Older People. DoH: London.
9. D'Ath P, Katona P, Mullan E, et al. 1994. Screening, detection and management of depression in elderly primary care attenders. I: The acceptability and performance of the 15 item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS15) and the development of short versions. Family Practice 11: 260-266.
10. Evans S, Katona C, 1993. Epidemiology of depressive symptoms in elderly primary care attenders. Dementia 4: 327-333.
11. Fletcher AE, Jones DA, Bulpitt CA, Tulloch AJ. 2002. The MRC trial of assessment and management of older people in the community: Objectives, design and interventions [ISRCTN23494848]. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6963/2/21. Accessed 7.4.2003.
12. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. 1975. 'Mini-mental state'. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 12(3): 189-198.
13. Herrmann N, Mitmann N, Silver IL, et al. 1996. A validation of the Geriatric Depression Scale short form. International J Geriatr Psychiatry 11: 457-460.
14. Livingston G, Hawkins A, Graham N, et al. 1990. The Gospel Oak study: Prevalence rates of dementia, depression and activity limitation among elderly residents in inner London. Psychology Med 20: 137-146.
15. Kennedy GJ, Kelman HR, Thomas C, et al. 1989. Hierarchy of characteristics associated with depressive symptoms in an urban elderly sample. Am J Psychiatry 146(2): 220-225.
16. Kivela SL, Pahkala K. 1991. Relationships between health behaviour and depression in the aged. Aging 3(2): 153-159.
17. Lyness JM, Noel TK, Cox C. 1997. Screening for depression in elderly primary care patients. A comparison of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale. Arch Intern Med 157(4): 449-454.
18. Prince MJ, Harwood RH, Blizard RA, et al. 1997a. Impairment, disability and handicap as risk factors for depression in old age. The Gospel Oak Project V. Psycholog Med 27(2): 311-321.
19. Prince MJ, Harwood RH, Blizard RA, et al. 1997b. Social support deficits, loneliness and life events as risk factors for depression in old age. The Gospel Oak Project VI. Psycholog Med 27(2): 323-332.
20. Prince MJ, Beekman AT, Deeg DJ, et al. 1999. Depression symptoms in late life assessed using the EURO-D scale. Effect of age, gender and marital status in 14 European centres. Br J Psychiatry 174: 339-345.
21. Royal College of Physicians, Royal College of Psychiatrists, Royal College of General Practioners. 1995. Alcohol and the Heart in Perspective: Sensible Limits Reaffirmed. RCP RCPsych, RCGP: London
22. Saunders PA, Copeland JR, Dewey ME, et al. 1991. Heavy drinking as a risk factor for depression and dementia in elderly men. Findings from the Liverpool longitudinal community study. Br J Psychiatry 159: 213-216.
23. Saunders PA, Copeland JR, Dewey ME, et al. 1993. The prevalence of dementia, depression and neurosis in later life: The Liverpool MRC-ALPHA study. Int J Epidemiol 22(5): 838-847.
24. Sheik JI, Yesavage JA. 1986. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS): Recent evidence and development of a shorter version. Clin Gerontol 37: 819-820.
25. Smeeth L, Fletcher AE, Stirling S. 2001. Randomized comparison of three methods of administering a screening questionnaire to elderly people: Findings from the MRC trial of the assessment and management of older people in the community. Br Med J 323: 1403-1407.
26. Stata 6.0. 1999. Stata Corporation: Texas.
27. Stephenson-Cino P, Steiner M, Krames L, et al. 1992. Depression in elderly persons and its correlates in family practice: A Canadian study. Psychological Reports 70(2): 359-368.
28. Tombaugh TN, McIntyre NJ. 1992. The Mini-Mental State Examination: A comprehensive review. J Am Geriatr Soc 40(9): 922-935.
29. Williams EI, Wallace P. 1993. Health checks of people aged 75 and over. Br J Gen Practice (Occasional paper No. 59).
30. Yesavage JA, Brink TL, Rose TL, et al. 1982. Development and validation of geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report. J Psychiatr Res 17: 37-49.