The role of the intestine in bone homeostasis

European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Volumn 15, Issue 8, 2003, Pages 845-849

  Walters, Julian R F ^a  

^a IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol; Brush border membrane; Calbindin D9k; Calcium; Duodenum; Fractional calcium absorption; Lactase phlorizin hydrolase; Parathyroid hormone; Vitamin D; Vitamin D receptor

Indexed keywords

CALBINDIN; CALCITRIOL; CALCIUM; CYTOKINE; GLYCOSYLCERAMIDASE; LACTASE; PARATHYROID HORMONE; VITAMIN D; VITAMIN D RECEPTOR;

BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH; BONE DISEASE; BONE MINERALIZATION; BRUSH BORDER; CALCIUM ABSORPTION; CELIAC DISEASE; CROHN DISEASE; DIETARY INTAKE; DUODENUM; GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE; HUMAN; HYPOGONADISM; INTESTINE ABSORPTION; INTESTINE FLORA; LACTOSE INTOLERANCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SHORT BOWEL SYNDROME; VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY; VITAMIN D METABOLISM;

EID: 0041314007     PISSN: 0954691X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00042737-200308000-00002     Document Type: Review

References (51)

1. Cashman KD. Calcium intake, calcium bioavailability and bone health. Br J Nutrition 2002; 87:S169-S177. A thorough review of the nutritional factors affecting bone health.
2. Cadogan J, Eastell R, Jones N, Barker ME. Milk intake and bone mineral acquisition in adolescent girls: randomised, controlled intervention trial. Br Med J 1997; 315:1255-1260.
3. Murphy S, Khaw K-T, May H, Compston JE. Milk consumption and bone mineral density in middle aged and elderly women. Br Med J 1994; 308:939-941.
4. Di Stefano M, Veneto G, Malservisi S, Cecchetti L, Minguzzi L, Strocchi A, et al. Lactose malabsorption and intolerance and peak bone mass. Gastroenterology 2002; 122:1793-1799. Evidence that lactose intolerance produced by lactase non-persistence leads to lower calcium intake and reduced bone mineral density.
5. Enattah NS, Sahi T, Savilahti E, Terwilliger JD, Peltonen L, Järvelä I. Identification of a variant associated with adult-type hypolactasia. Nature Genetics 2002; 30:1-5.
6. Bo-Linn GW, Davis GR, Buddrus DJ, Morawski SG, Santa Ana C, Fordtran JS. An evaluation of the importance of gastric acid secretion in the absorption of dietary calcium. J Clin Invest 1984; 73:640-647.
7. Mellström D, Johansson C, Johnell O, Lindstedt G, Lundberg P-A, Obrant K, et al. Osteoporosis, metabolic aberrations, and increased risk for vertebral fractures after partial gastrectomy. Calcif Tiss Int 1993; 53:370-388.
8. Adachi Y, Shiota E, Matsumata T, Iso Y, Yoh R, Kitano S. Osteoporosis after gastrectomy: bone mineral density of lumbar spine assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Calcif Tiss Int 2000; 66:119-122.
9. Recker RR. Calcium absorption and achlorhydria. N Engl J Med 1985; 313:70-73.
10. Holbrook TL, Barrett-Connor E, Wingard DL. Dietary calcium and risk of hip fracture: 14-year prospective population study. Lancet 1988; ii:1046-1049.
11. Recker RR, Hinders S, Davies KM, Heaney RP, Stegman MR, Lappe JM, et al. Correcting calcium nutritional deficiency prevents spine fractures in elderly women. J Bone Miner Res 1996; 11:1961-1966.
12. Dawson-Hughes B, Harris SS, Krall EA, Dallal GE. Effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone density in men and women 65 years of age or older. N Engl J Med 1997; 337:670-676.
13. Ensrud KE, Duong T, Cauley JA, Heaney RP, Wolf RL, Harris E, et al. Low fractional calcium absorption increases the risk for hip fracture in women with low calcium intake. Ann Intern Med 2000; 132:345-353. A large study showing that low fractional calcium absorption when combined with low dietary calcium increases the risk of fractures. Important evidence of the contribution of diet and intestinal physiology to osteoporosis.
14. Norman DA, Fordtran JS, Brinkley LJ, Zerwekh JE, Nicar MJ, Strowig SM, et al. Jejunal and ileal adaptation to alterations in dietary calcium. J Clin Invest 1981; 67:1599-1603.
15. Gallagher JC, Riggs BL, Eisman J, Hamstra A, Arnaud SB, DeLuca HF. Intestinal calcium absorption and serum vitamin D metabolites in normal subjects and osteoporotic patients. J Clin Invest 1979; 64:729-736.
16. Morris HA, Need AG, Horowitz M, O'Loughlin PD, Nordin BEC. Calcium absorption in normal and osteoporotic postmenopausal women. Calcif Tiss Int 1991; 49:240-243.
17. Heaney RP, Recker RR. Estimation of true calcium absorption. Ann Intern Med 1985; 103:516-521.
18. Heany RP, Weaver CM, Fitzsimmons ML, Recker RR. Calcuim absorptive consistency. J Bone Miner Res 1990; 5:1139-1142.
19. Kinyamu HK, Gallagher JC, Prahl JM, DeLuca HF, Petranick KM, Lanspa SJ. Association between intestinal vitamin D receptor, calcium absorption, and serum 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D in normal young and elderly women. J Bone Miner Res 1997; 12:922-928.
20. Wolf RL, Cauley JA, Baker CE, Ferrell RE, Charron M, Caggiula AW, et al. Factors associated with calcium absorption efficiency in pre- and perimenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 72:466-471. Despite studying many factors linked to calcium absorption efficiency, only a small proportion of the observed variation is currently explained.
21. Eastell R, Yergey AL, Vieira NE, Cedel SL, Kumar R, Riggs BL. Interrelationship among vitamin D metabolism, true calcium absorption, parathyroid function, and age in women: evidence of an age-related intestinal resistance to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D action. J Bone Miner Res 1991; 6:125-132.
22. 2D actions. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85:4023-4027.
23. Barger-Lux MJ, Heaney RP, Lanspa SJ, Healy JC, DeLuca HF. An investigation of sources of variation in calcium absorption efficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995; 80:406-411.
24. Howard A, Legon S, Spurr NK, Walters JRF. Molecular cloning and chromosomal assignment of human calbindin-D9k. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1992; 185:663-669.
25. Howard A, Legon S, Walters JRF. Human and rat intestinal plasma membrane calcium pump isoforms. Am J Physiol 1993; 265:G917-G925.
26. Walters JRF, Howard A, Lowery LJ, Mawer EB, Legon S. Expression of genes involved in calcium absorption in human duodenum. Eur J Clin Invest 1999; 29:214-219.
27. Staun M, Jarnum S. Measurement of the 10,000-molecular weight calcium-binding protein in small-intestinal biopsy specimens from patients with malabsorption syndromes. Scand J Gastroenterol 1988; 23:827-832.
28. Barley NF, Prathalingam SR, Zhi P, Legon S, Howard A, Walters JRF. Factors involved in the duodenal expression of the human calbindin-D9k gene. Biochem J 1999; 341:491-500.
29. Walters JRF. Calbindin-D9k stimulates the calcium-pump in rat enterocyte basolateral membranes. Am J Physiol 1989; 256:G124-G128.
30. Feher JJ. Facilitated calcium diffusion by intestinal calcium-binding protein. Am J Physiol 1983; 244:C303-C307.
31. 3 responsive epithelia. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:8375-8378.
32. Peng JB, Chen XZ, Berger UV, Vassilev PM, Tsukaguchi H, Brown EM, et al. Molecular cloning and characterization of a channel-like transporter mediating intestinal calcium absorption. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:22739-22746.
33. Barley NF, Howard A, Legon S, Walters JRF. Expression of the apical membrane calcium transporter in human duodenum is regulated but vitamin D independent: implications in the unexplained variability in fractional calcium absorption. In: Norman AW, Bouillon R, Thomasset M, editors. Vitamin D Endocrine System: Structural, Biological, Genetic and Clinical Aspects. Riverside: Univ. of California, Printing & Reprographics; 2000. pp. 641-644.
34. Peng JB, Chen XZ, Berger UV, Weremowicz S, Morton CC, Vassilev PM, et al. Human calcium transport protein CaT1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 278:326-332.
35. Muller D, Hoenderop JGJ, Merkx GFM, Van Os CH, Bindels RJM. Gene structure and chromosomal mapping of human epithelial calcium channel. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 275:47-52.
36. Peng JB, Brown EM, Hediger MA. Structural conservation of the genes encoding CaT1, CaT2, and related cation channels. Genomics 2001; 76:99-109.
37. 1 a novel calcium-selective channel, correlates with the malignancy of prostate cancer. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:19461-19468.
38. 3.
39. Van Cromphaut SJ, Dewerchin M, Hoenderop JGJ, Stockman I, Van Herck E, Kato S, et al. Duodenal calcium absorption in vitamin D receptor-knockout mice: functional and molecular aspects. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001; 98:13324-13329. Good evidence for the effects of the vitamin D receptor and different calcium intakes on expression of the three intestinal calcium transporters. Whether the same changes are found in humans is unknown.
40. 3 increases the expression of the CaT1 epithelial calcium channel in the Caco-2 human intestinal cell line. BMC Physiology 2001; 1:11.
41. McFarlane XA, Bhalla AK, Reeves DE, Morgan LM, Robertson DAF. Osteoporosis in treated adult coeliac disease. Gut 1995; 36:710-714.
42. Walters JRF, Banks LM, Butcher GP, Fowler CR. Detection of low bone mineral density by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in unsuspected suboptimally treated coeliac disease. Gut 1995; 37:220-224.
43. Molteni N, Bardella MT, Vezzoli G, Pozzoli E, Bianchi P. Intestinal calcium absorption as shown by stable strontium test in celiac disease before and after gluten-free diet. Am J Gastroenterol 1995; 90:2025-2028.
44. Compston JE, Ayers AB, Horton LW, Tighe JR, Creamer B. Osteomalacia after small intestinal resection. Lancet 1978; i:9-12.
45. Haderslev KV, Jeppesen PB, Hartmann B, Thulesen J, Sorensen HA, Graff J, et al. Short-term administration of glucagon-like peptide-2. Effects on bone mineral density and markers of bone turnover in short-bowel patients with no colon. Scand J Gastroenterol 2002; 37:392-398.
46. Compston JE, Horton LWL, Laker MF, Ayers AB, Woodhead JS, Bull HJ, et al. Bone disease after jejuno-ileal bypass for obesity. Lancet 1978; ii:1-4.
47. Bano G, Rodin DA, Pazianas M, Nussey SS. Reduced bone mineral density after surgical treatment for obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999; 23:361-365.
48. Di Stefano M, Veneto G, Malservisi S, Corazza GR. Small intestine bacterial overgrowth and metabolic bone disease. Dig Dis Sci 2001; 46:1077-1082.
49. Clements MR, Johnson L, Fraser DR. A new mechanism for induced vitamin D deficiency in calcium deprivation. Nature 1987; 325:62-65. A study which has not had a full clinical impact demonstrating the importance of calcium intake in prevention of vitamin D deficiency.
50. Clements MR, Davies M, Hayes ME, Hickey CD, Lumb GA, Mawer EB, et al. The role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in the mechanism of acquired vitamin D deficiency. Clin Endocrinol 1992; 37:17-27.
51. Davies M, Heys SE, Selby PL, Berry JL, Mawer EB. Increased catabolism of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with partial gastrectomy and elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels. Implications for metabolic bone disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82:209-212.