Rethinking ancestors and colonial power in Madagascar

Africa

Volumn 71, Issue 1, 2001, Pages

  Cole, Jennifer ^a   Middleton, Karen ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0041080941     PISSN: 00019720     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3366/afr.2001.71.1.1     Document Type: Article

References (111)

1. Althabe, G. 1969. Oppression et libération dans l'imaginaire. Paris: Maspéro.
2. Anon. 1971. 'Rapport sur Madagascar', Les Temps modernes 27, 88-121.
3. Apter, A. 1993. 'Atinga revisited: Yoruba witchcraft and the cocoa economy, 1950-51', in J. Comaroff and J. L. Comaroff (eds), Modernity and its Malcontents: ritual and power in postcolonial Africa, pp. 111-28. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
4. Argenti, N. 1998. 'Air youth: performance, violence and the state in Cameroon', Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute (n.s.) 4, 753-81.
5. Astuti, R. 1995. People of the Sea: identity and descent among the Vezo of Madagascar. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
6. Bakhtin, M. 1981. 'Discourse in the novel', in M. Holquist (ed.), The Dialogic Imagination, trans. C. Emerson and M. Holquist. Austin TX: University of Texas Press.
7. Bauman, R., and Briggs, C. 1990. 'Poetics and performance as critical perspectives on language and social life', Annual Review of Anthropology 19, 59-88.
8. Beidelman, T. O. 1986. Moral Imagination in Kaguru Modes of Thought. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
9. Berg, G. 1995. 'Writing ideology: Ranavalona, the ancestral bureaucrat', History in Africa 22, 73-92.
10. Bloch, M. 1968. 'Tombs and conservatism among the Merina of Madagascar', Man 3 (1), 94-104.
11. _1971. Placing the Dead: tombs, ancestral villages, and kinship organization in Madagascar. London and New York: Seminar Press.
12. _1986. From Blessing to Violence: history and ideology in the circumcision ritual of the Merina of Madagascar. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
13. _1989a (1974). 'Symbols, song, dance and features of articulation: is religion an extreme form of traditional authority?' in M. Bloch, Ritual, History and Power, pp.19-45. Selected Papers in Anthropology. London: Athlone Press.
14. _1989b. 'The symbolism of money', in J. Parry and M. Bloch (eds), Money and the Morality of Exchange, pp. 165-90. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
15. _1998 (1971). 'Why do Malagasy cows speak French?' !Kung, reprinted in How we Think they Think: anthropological approaches to cognition, memory, and literacy, pp. 193-5. Boulder CO: Westview Press.
16. _1998 (1971). 'Why do Malagasy cows speak French?' !Kung, reprinted in How we Think they Think: anthropological approaches to cognition, memory, and literacy, pp. 193-5. Boulder CO: Westview Press.
17. Bond, G. 1987. 'Ancestors and Protestants: religious coexistence in the social field of a Zambian community', American Ethnologist 14 (1), 55-72.
18. Bourdieu, P. 1977. Outline of a Theory of Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
19. Brown, M. 1996. 'On resisting resistance', American Anthropologist 98 (4), 729-35.
20. Burke, T. 1996. Lifebuoy Men, Lux Women: commodification, consumption, and cleanliness in modern Zimbabwe. Durham NC: Duke University Press.
21. Cole, J. 1998a. 'The uses of defeat: memory and political morality in east Madagascar', in R. Werbner (ed.), Memory and the Postcolony: African anthropology and the critique of power, pp. 105-25. London: Zed Books.
22. _1998b. 'The work of memory in Madagascar', American Ethnologist 25 (4), 610-33.
23. _In press. Forget Colonialism? Sacrifice and the an of memory in Madagascar. Berkeley and Los Angeles CA: University of California Press.
24. Comaroff, J. 1985. Body of Power, Spirit of Resistance. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
25. _1992. 'Medicine, colonialism, and the black body', in J. Comaroff and J. L. Comaroff, Ethnography and the Historical Imagination, pp. 215-33. Boulder CO: Westview Press.
26. Comaroff, J., and Comaroff, J. L. (eds). 1993. Modernity and its Malcontents: ritual and power in postcolonial Africa. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
27. Comaroff, J. L. 1989. 'Images of empire, contests of conscience: models of colonial domination in South Africa', American Ethnologist 16 (4), 601-85.
28. Comaroff, J. L., and Comaroff, J. 1992. Ethnography and the Historical Imagination. Boulder CO: Westview Press.
29. Cooper, F. 1994. 'Conflict and connection: rethinking colonial African history', American Historical Review 99 (5), 1516-45.
30. Covell, M. 1989. Madagascar: politics, economics, society. New York: Pinter.
31. Crowder, M. 1964. 'Indirect rule - French and British style', Africa 34 (3), 197-205.
32. Delivré, A. 1974. L'Histoire des rois d'Imerina. Paris: Klincksieck.
33. Deschamps, H. 1960. Histoire de Madagascar. Paris: Berger-Levrault.
34. Dirks, N. (ed.) 1992. Colonialism and Culture. Ann Arbor MI: University of Michigan Press.
35. Ellis, S. 1985. The Rising of the Red Shawls. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
36. Emoff, R. 1996. 'Recollecting from the Past: musical practice and spirit possession on the east coast of Madagascar'. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Austin TX: Department of Anthropology, University of Texas.
37. Esoavelomandroso, M. 1979. La Province maritime orientale de la royaume de Madagascar à la fin du XIXe siècle. Antananarivo: FTM.
38. _1980. 'The "Malagasy Creoles" of Tamatave in the nineteenth century', Diogenes 111, 50-64.
39. Feeley-Harnik, G. 1984. 'The political economy of death: communication and change in Malagasy colonial history', American Ethnologist 11 (1), 1-19.
40. _1991. A Green Estate: restoring independence in Madagascar. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
41. _1997a. 'Death, mourning and ancestors', in J. Middleton (ed.), Encyclopaedia of Africa South of the Sahara I, pp. 406-16. New York: Scribner.
42. _1997b. 'Dying gods and queen mothers: the international politics of social reproduction in Africa and Europe', in M. Grosz-Ngaté and O. Kokole (eds), Gendered Encounters: challenging cultural boundaries and social hierarchies in Africa, pp. 153-81. New York and London: Routledge.
43. Fernandez, J. 1982. Bwiti: an ethnography of the religious imagination in Africa. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.
44. Fields, K. 1985. Revival and Rebellion in Colonial Central Africa. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.
45. Fortes, M. 1945. The Dynamics of Clanship among the Tallensi, being the first part of an analysis of the social structure of a trans-Volta tribe. London: Oxford University Press.
46. _1961. 'Pietas in Ancestor Worship: the Henry Myers Lecture, 1960', Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 91, 166-91.
47. _1965. 'Some reflections on ancestor worship in Africa', in M. Fortes and G. Dieterlen (eds), African Systems of Thought, pp. 122-44. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
48. Fremigacci, J. 1985. 'Les difficultés d'une politique coloniale: le café de Madagascar à la conquête du marché francçais, 1930-38', Omaly sy Anio 21-2, 277-305.
49. _1999. '1947 sur le terrain: forces coloniales contre insurgés dans le Secteur Sud'. Paper presented at the Colloque AFASPA Madagascar 1947, Paris, October 1997.
50. Gallieni, J. 1908. Neuf ans à Madagascar. Paris: Hachette.
51. Gell, A. 1992. The Anthropology of Time: cultural constructions of temporal maps and images. Oxford: Berg.
52. Geschiere, P. 1997. The Modernity of Witchcraft: politics and the occult in postcolonial Africa. Charlottesville VA: University of Virginia Press.
53. Ginzburg, C. 1983. The Night Battles: witchcraft and agrarian cults in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. London: Routledge.
54. Goody, J. 1962. Death, Property and the Ancestors: a study of the mortuary customs of the LoDagaa of West Africa. Stanford CA: Stanford University Press.
55. Gottlieb, A. 1989. 'Hyenas and heteroglossia: myth and ritual among the Beng of Côte d'Ivoire', American Ethnologist 16 (3), 487-501.
56. Graeber, D. 1996. 'Love magic and political morality in central Madagascar, 1875-1990', in N. Hunt, T. Liu and J. Quataert (eds), Gendered Colonialism in African History, special issue of Gender and History 8, 416-39.
57. Grandidier, A., and Grandidier, G. 1958. Histoire des Betsimisaraka III, Histoire des tribus autres que les Merina en Ethnographie de Madagascar. Antananarivo: Imprimerie officielle.
58. Hamilton, C. 1998. Terrific Majesty: the powers of Shaka Zulu and the limits of historical invention. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
59. Holquist, M. 1981. 'The politics of representation', in S. Greenblatt (ed.), Allegory and Representation, pp. 163-83. Baltimore MD and London: Johns Hopkins University Press.
60. Jackson, Michael. 1982. Allegories of the Wilderness: ethics and ambiguity in Kuranko narratives. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
61. Johnson, D. 1994. Nuer Prophets: a history of prophecy from the Upper Nile in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Oxford: Clarendon.
62. Kaplan, M. 1989a. 'Luve ni Wai as the British saw it: constructions of custom and disorder in colonial Fiji', Ethnohistory 36 (4), 349-71.
63. _1989b. '"Dangerous and disaffected natives" in Fiji: constructions of the Tuka movement', Social Analysis 26, 22-45.
64. _1995. Neither Cargo nor Cult: ritual politics and the colonial imagination in Fiji. Durham NC: Duke University Press.
65. Kelly, J., and Kaplan, M. 1990. 'History, structure, and ritual', Annual Review in Anthropology 19, 119-50.
66. Kenyon, S. 1995. 'Zar as modernization in contemporary Sudan', Anthropological Quarterly 68 (2), 107-20.
67. Kliger, R. 1996. 'Resisting resistance: historicizing contemporary models of agency', Kroeber Anthropological Papers 80, 137-55.
68. Kopytoff, I. 1971. 'Ancestors as elders in Africa', Africa 43 (2), 129-42.
69. Kramer, F. 1993. The Red Fez: an and spirit possession in Africa, trans. M. Green. London: Verso.
70. Lahady, P. 1979. Le Culte betsimisaraka. Finanarantsoa: Librarie Ambozontany.
71. Lambek, M. 1998. 'The Sakalava poiesis of history: realizing the past through spirit possession in Madagascar', American Ethnologist 25 (2), 106-27.
72. Lambek, M., and Walsh, A. 1997. 'The imagined community of the Antankaraña: identity, history, and ritual in northern Madagascar', Journal of Religion in Africa 27 (3), 308-32.
73. Lan, D. 1985. Guns and Rain: guerillas and spirit mediums in Zimbabwe. London: James Currey.
74. Larson, P. 1997. 'A cultural politics of bedchamber construction and progressive dining in Antananarivo: ritual inversions during the Fandroana of 1817', Journal of Religion in Africa 27 (3), 239-69.
75. Lyautey, L. 1903. Dans le sud de Madagascar: pénétration militaire, situation politique et économique, 1900-02. Paris: Charles-Lavauzelle.
76. Mack, J. 1986. Madagascar: island of the ancestors. London: British Museum.
77. Mannoni, O. 1990 (1950). Prospera and Caliban: the psychology of colonization. Ann Arbor MI: Michigan University Press.
78. McCall, J. 1995. 'Rethinking ancestors in Africa', Africa 65 (2), 256-70.
79. Meyer, Birgit. 1999. Translating the Devil: religion and modernity among the Ewe in Ghana. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press for the International African Institute.
80. Middleton, J. 1964. Lugbara Religion: ritual and authority among an East African people. London: Oxford University Press for the International African Institute [reprinted 2000 Oxford: James Currey].
81. Middleton, K. 1995. 'Tombwork, Bodywork: gender, ancestry, and reproduction in Karembola ritual'. Paper presented at the Satterthwaite Colloquium on African Religion and Ritual, Satterthwaite, Cumbria, April.
82. _1997. 'Circumcision, death, and strangers', Journal of Religion in Africa 27 (4), 341-73.
83. _1999a. 'Who killed "Malagasy cactus"? Science, environment and colonialism in southern Madagascar, 1924-30', Journal of Southern African Studies 25 (2), 215-48.
84. _(ed.). 1999b. Ancestors, Power and History in Madagascar. Leiden: Brill.
85. _In press. 'Power and meaning on the periphery of a Malagasy kingdom', Ethnohistory, 48 (1), 000.
86. _n.d. 'Memory, Alliance and Landscapes of Power in the Karembola, Madagascar'.
87. Ortner, S. 1995. 'Resistance and the problem of ethnographic refusal', Comparative Studies in Society and History 37, 173-93.
88. Ottino, P. 1986. L'Etrangère intime: essai d'anthropologie de la civilisation de l'ancien Madagascar. Paris: Editions des Archives contemporaines.
89. Peires, J. 1989. The Dead will Arise: Nongqawuse and the great Xhosa cattle-killing movement of 1856-57. Bloomington IN: Indiana University Press.
90. Piot, Charles. 1999. Remotely Global: village modernity in West Africa. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
91. Raison-Jourde, F. 1983. 'Introduction', in F. Raison-Jourde (ed.), Les Souverains de Madagascar: l'histoire royale et ses résurgences contemporaines, pp. 7-68. Paris: Karthala.
92. _1991. Bible et Pouvoir à Madagascar au XIXe siècle: invention d'une identité chrétienne et construction de l'état, 1780-1880. Paris: Karthala.
93. Ranger, T. 1985. Peasant Consciousness and Guerilla War in Zimbabwe: a comparative study. London: James Currey.
94. Razafiarivony, M. 1995. 'Société et littérature orale betsimisaraka d'Anosibe An'Ala: pauvreté materielle et richesse culturelle' I, Analyse. Thèse du doctorat, Paris: Institut des langues orientales.
95. Sahlins, M. 1985. Islands of History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
96. Sharp, L. 1993. The Possessed and the Dispossessed: spirits, identity and power in a Madagascar migrant town. Berkeley CA: University of California Press.
97. _1995. 'Playboy princely spirits of Madagascar: possession as youthful commentary and social critique', American Anthropological Quarterly 68 (2), 75-88.
98. Shaw, R. 1997. 'The production of witchcraft/witchcraft as production: memory, modernity and the slave trade in Sierra Leone', American Ethnologist 24 (4), 856-76.
99. Southall, A. 1979. 'White strangers and their religions in East Africa and Madagascar', in W. Shack and E. Skinner (eds), Strangers in African Societies. Berkeley CA: University of California Press.
100. Steedly, M. 1993. Hanging without a Rope: narrative experience in colonial and postcolonial Karoland. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.
101. Stoller, P. 1995. Embodying Colonial Memories: spirit possession, power and the Hauka in West Africa. London and New York: Routledge.
102. Sylla, Y. 1985. 'Les Malata: cohesion et disparité d'un "groupe"', Omaly sy Anio 21-2, 19-32.
103. Taussig, M. 1993. Mimesis and Alterity. London and New York: Routledge.
104. Thomas, N. 1991. Entangled Objects: exchange, material culture and colonialism in the Pacific. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
105. Thomas, P. 1998. 'Conspicuous construction: houses, consumption and "relocalization" in Manambondro, south-east Madagascar', Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 4 (3), 425-44.
106. Trawick, M. 1988. 'Spirits and voices in Tamil song', American Ethnologist 15 (2), 193-215.
107. Tronchon, J. 1986. L'Insurrection malgache de 1947. Paris: Karthala.
108. Turner, V. 1967. The Forest of Symbols: aspects of Ndembu ritual. Ithaca NY: Cornell University Press.
109. Vergès, F. 1999. Monsters and Revolutionaries: colonial family romance and métissage. Durham NC and London: Duke University Press.
110. Werbner, R. 1989. Ritual Passage, Sacred Journey: the process and organization of religious movement. Manchester: Manchester University Press; Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, for the International African Institute.
111. Wilson, P. 1992. Freedom by a Hair's Breadth: Tsimihety in Madagascar. Ann Arbor MI: University of Michigan Press.