The matching law and amount-dependent exponential discounting as accounts of self-control choice

Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior

Volumn 71, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 27-44

  Grace, Randolph C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CANTERBURY   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Concurrent chains; Key peck; Matching law; Pigeons; Self control; Temporal discounting

Indexed keywords

EID: 0040639447     PISSN: 00225002     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1901/jeab.1999.71-27     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Ainslie, G., & Herrnstein, R. J. (1981). Preference reversal and delayed reinforcement. Animal Learning & Behavior, 9, 476-482.
2. Baum, W. M. (1974). On two types of deviation from the matching law: Bias and undermatching. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 22, 231-242.
3. Baum, W. M., & Rachlin, H. C. (1969). Choice as time allocation. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 12, 861-874.
4. Benzion, U., Rapoport, A., & Yagil, J. (1989). Discount rates inferred from decisions: An experimental study. Management Science, 35, 270-284.
5. Bonem, M., & Crossman, E. K. (1988). Elucidating the effects of reinforcement magnitude. Psychological Bulletin, 104, 348-362.
6. Chelonis, J. J., King, G., Logue, A. W., & Tobin, H. (1994). The effect of variable delays on self-control. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 62, 33-43.
7. Davison, M., & McCarthy, D. (1988). The matching law: A research review. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
8. Fantino, E. (1969). Choice and rate of reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 12, 723-730.
9. Fantino, E., Preston, R. A., & Dunn, R. (1993). Delay reduction: Current status. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 60, 159-169.
10. Fleshler, M., & Hoffman, H. S. (1962). A progression for generating variable-interval schedules. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 5, 529-530.
11. Grace, R. C. (1994). A contextual model of concurrent-chains choice. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 61, 113-129.
12. Grace, R. C. (1995a). Independence of reinforcement delay and magnitude in concurrent chains. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 63, 255-276.
13. Grace, R. C. (1995b). Temporal context and choice. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of New Hampshire.
14. Grace, R. C. (1996). Choice between fixed and variable delays to reinforcement in the adjusting-delay procedure and concurrent chains. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 22, 362-383.
15. Green, L., Fisher, E. B., Jr., Perlow, S., & Sherman, L. (1981). Preference reversal and self-control: Choice as a function of reward amount and delay. Behaviour Analysis Letters, 1, 43-51.
16. Green, L., Fristoe, N., & Myerson, J. (1994). Temporal discounting and preference reversals in choice between delayed outcomes. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 1, 383-389.
17. Green, L., Fry, A. F., & Myerson, J. (1994). Discounting of delayed rewards: A life-span comparison. Psychological Science, 5, 33-36.
18. Green, L., & Myerson, J. (1993). Alternative frameworks for the analysis of self-control. Behavior and Philosophy, 21, 37-47.
19. Herrnstein, R. J. (1961). Relative and absolute strength of response as a function of frequency of reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 4, 267-272.
20. Herrnstein, R. J. (1964). Secondary reinforcement and rate of primary reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 7, 27-36.
21. Ito, M., & Asaki, K. (1982). Choice behavior of rats in a concurrent-chains schedule: Amount and delay of reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 37, 383-392.
22. Killeen, P. (1972). The matching law. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 17, 489-495.
23. Kirby, K. N. (1997). Bidding on the future: Evidence against normative discounting of delayed rewards. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 126, 54-70.
24. Kirby, K. N., & Herrnstein, R. J. (1995). Preference reversals due to myopic discounting of delayed reward. Psychological Science, 6, 83-89.
25. Kirby, K. N., & Marakovic, N. N. (1996). Delay-discounting probabilistic rewards: Rates decrease as amounts increase. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 3, 100-104.
26. Loewenstein, G., & Prelec, D. (1992). Anomalies in intertemporal choice: Evidence and an interpretation. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 107, 573-597.
27. Logue, A. (1988). Research on self-control: An integrating framework. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 11, 665-709. (includes commentary)
28. Logue, A. W., & Chavarro, A. (1987). Effect on choice of absolute and relative values of reinforcer delay, amount, and frequency. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 13, 280-291.
29. Logue, A. W., Rodriguez, M. L., Peña-Correal, T. E., & Mauro, B. C. (1984). Choice in a self-control paradigm: Quantification of experience-based differences. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 41, 53-67.
30. Logue, A. W., Smith, M. E., & Rachlin, H. (1985). Sensitivity of pigeons to prereinforcer and postreinforcer delay. Animal Learning & Behavior, 13, 181-186.
31. MacEwen, D. (1972). The effects of terminal-link fixed-interval and variable-interval schedules on responding under concurrent chained schedules. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 18, 253-261.
32. Mazur, J. E. (1984). Tests for an equivalence rule for fixed and variable reinforcer delays. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 10, 426-436.
33. Mazur, J. E. (1987). An adjusting procedure for studying delayed reinforcement. In M. L. Commons, J. E. Mazur, J. A. Nevin, & H. Rachlin (Eds.), Quantitative analyses of behavior: Vol. 5. The effect of delay and of intervening events on reinforcement value (pp. 55-73). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
34. Mazur, J. E. (1997). Choice, delay, probability, and conditioned reinforcement. Animal Learning & Behavior, 25, 131-147.
35. Mazur, J. E., & Logue, A. W. (1978). Choice in a "self-control" paradigm: Effects of a fading procedure. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 30, 11-17.
36. Mazur, J. E., Snyderman, M., & Coe, D. (1985). Influences of delay and rate of reinforcement on discretetrial choice. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 11, 565-575.
37. Myerson, J., & Green, L. (1995). Discounting of delayed rewards: Models of individual choice. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 64, 263-276.
38. Navarick, D. J., & Fantino, E. (1976). Self-control and general models of choice. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 2, 75-87.
39. Omino, T. (1993). A quantitative analysis of sensitivity to the conditioned reinforcing value of terminal-link stimuli in a concurrent-chains schedule. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 60, 587-594.
40. Rachlin, H. (1974). Self-control. Behaviorism, 2, 94-107.
41. Rachlin, H., Raineri, A., & Cross, D. (1991). Subjective probability and delay. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 55, 233-244.
42. Raineri, A., & Rachlin, H. (1993). The effect of temporal constraints on the value of money and other commodifies. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 6, 77-94.
43. Rodriguez, M. L., & Logue, A. W. (1986). Independence of the amount and delay ratios in the generalized matching law. Animal Learning & Behavior, 14, 29-37.
44. Samuelson, P. A. (1937). A note on measurement of utility. Review of Economic Studies, 4, 155-161.
45. Stubbs, D. A., & Pliskoff, S. S. (1969). Concurrent responding with fixed relative rate of reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 12, 887-895.
46. White, K. G., & Pipe, M.-E. (1987). Sensitivity to reinforcer duration in a self-control procedure. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 48, 235-249.
47. Williams, B. A. (1988). Reinforcement, choice, and response strength. In R. C. Atkinson, R. J. Herrnstein, G. Lindzey, & R. D. Luce (Eds.), Stevens' handbook of experimental psychology: Vol. 2. Learning and cognition (2nd ed., pp. 167-244). New York: Wiley.
48. Williams, B. A. (1994). Reinforcement and choice. In N. J. Mackintosh (Ed.), Animal learning and cognition (pp. 81-108). San Diego: Academic Press.
49. Williams, B. A., & Fantino, E. (1978). Effects on choice of reinforcement delay and conditioned reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 29, 77-86.