Self-employment: When nothing else is available?

Journal of Labor Research

Volumn 17, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 645-661

  Dennis Jr , William J ^a  

^a NFIB Education Foundation   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0040456818     PISSN: 01953613     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/bf02685805     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. For a discussion of the problems involved in counting self-employment over time, see, W.B. Gartner and S.A. Shane, "Measuring Entrepreneurship over Time," Journal of Business Venturing 10 (July 1995), pp. 285-301.
2. Statement of Robert B. Reich, Secretary of Labor, "Conference on the Growing Contingent Work Force: Flexibility at the Price of Fairness?" Conference of the Subcommittee on Labor of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, United States Senate (S. Hrg. 103-471), February 8, 1994, p. 5.
3. U.S. General Accounting Office, Improving Independent Contractor Compliance with Tax Laws, GAO/ T-GGD-94-194 (Washington, D.C.: GAO, August 4, 1994), p. 2.
4. "Contingent and Alternative Employment Arrangements," U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Report 900, August, 1995.
5. GAO, Improving Independent Contractor Compliance with Tax Laws, p. 7.
6. U.S. Department of the Treasury, Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income, various years.
7. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1987 Characteristics of Business Owners, 1987 Economic Census (CBO 87-1).
8. Douglas W. Naffziger, Jeffrey S. Hornsby, and Donald F. Kuratko, "A Proposed Research Model of Entrepreneurial Motivation," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 18 (Spring 1994), pp. 29-42.
9. Arnold C. Cooper, William C. Dunkelberg, Carolyn Y. Woo, and William J. Dennis, Jr., New Business in America: The Firms and Their Owners (Washington, D.C.: The NFIB Education Foundation. 1990).
10. David S. Evans and Linda S. Leighton, Small-Business Formation by Unemployed Workers, prepared for Office of Advocacy, U.S. Small Business Administration, contract no. SBA-2102-AER-87, January, 1989. The authors also produced, "Some Empirical Aspects of Entrepreneurship," American Economic Review 79 (June 1989), pp. 519-35, which is similar to and based on the SBA report.
11. David S. Evans and Linda S. Leighton, Small-Business Formation by Unemployed Workers, prepared for Office of Advocacy, U.S. Small Business Administration, contract no. SBA-2102-AER-87, January, 1989. The authors also produced, "Some Empirical Aspects of Entrepreneurship," American Economic Review 79 (June 1989), pp. 519-35, which is similar to and based on the SBA report.
12. Ibid., p. ii.
13. Evans and Leighton, "Some Empirical Aspects of Entrepreneurship," p. 528.
14. Wells Fargo/NFIB Series on Business Entries and Exits, Washington, D.C., on-going.
15. Self-Employment as a Reemployment Option: Demonstration Results and National Legislation, U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration, Unemployment Insurance Occasional Paper 94-3, 1994, p. viii.
16. Paul D. Reynolds, Richard Curtin, and Jim Morgan, "The Entrepreneurial Process: Preliminary Explorations in the United States," Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, February, 1994, mimeo.
17. Jerome A. Katz, "How Satisfied Are the Self-Employed: A Secondary Analysis Approach," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 18 (Spring 1993), pp. 35-51.
18. Ibid.
19. "Contingent and Alternative Employment Arrangements," p. 1.
20. Ibid., p. 2.
21. Richard Highfield and Robert Smiley, "New Business Starts and Economic Activity," International Journal of Industrial Organization 5 (1987), pp. 51-66.
22. David B. Audretsch and Zoltan J. Acs, "New Firm Startups, Technology, and Macroeconomic Fluctuations," Small Business Economics (December 1994), pp. 439-49.
23. Evans and Leighton, Small-Business Formation by Unemployed Workers.