International technology transfer to China: The case of biotechnology

Issues and Studies

Volumn 36, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 133-153

  Ding, Hung Bin ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

Biotechnology; China; International technology transfer; National innovation system; Technology policy

Indexed keywords

EID: 0040442336     PISSN: 10132511     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (72)

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2. Fang Yi, "Report to the National Science Conference" (March 18, 1978), in the PRC State Science and Technology Commission (SSTC), Guidelines for China's Science and Technology Policy, Science and Technology White Paper, no. 1 (Beijing: Science and Technology Documentary Press, 1986), 259-71; SSTC, China Science and Technology Indicators, Science and Technology Yellow Paper, no. 2 (Beijing: Science and Technology Documentary Press, 1992), 129.
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5. Richard R. Nelson, National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Analysis (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1993).
6. Bruce Kogut "Country Capabilities and the Permeability of Borders," Strategic Management Journal 12 (Summer 1991): 33-48. Also see Michael Porter, The Competitive Advantage of Nations (New York: The Free Press, 1990).
7. Bruce Kogut "Country Capabilities and the Permeability of Borders," Strategic Management Journal 12 (Summer 1991): 33-48. Also see Michael Porter, The Competitive Advantage of Nations (New York: The Free Press, 1990).
8. See note 3 above.
9. SSTC, Guidelines for China's Science and Technology Policy (1986), 3-5.
10. Biotechnology Research Committee, "Biotechnology for the 21 st Century: New Horizon," at 〈http://www.nal.usda.gov/bic/bio21/〉.
11. SSTC, Guidelines for China's Science and Technology Policy, Science and Technology White Paper, no. 3 (Beijing: Science and Technology Documentary Press, 1988), 83-87; SSTC, Guidelines for China's Science and Technology Policy, Science and Technology White Paper, no. 6 (Beijing: Science and Technology Documentary Press, 1995), 120-24.
12. SSTC, Guidelines for China's Science and Technology Policy, Science and Technology White Paper, no. 3 (Beijing: Science and Technology Documentary Press, 1988), 83-87; SSTC, Guidelines for China's Science and Technology Policy, Science and Technology White Paper, no. 6 (Beijing: Science and Technology Documentary Press, 1995), 120-24.
13. Susan Bartholomew, "National Systems of Biotechnology Innovation: Complex Interdependence in the Global System," Journal of International Business Studies 28, no. 2 (1997): 241-61.
14. John Kirkland, "Introduction: The Problem of Technology Transfer," in Barriers to International Technology' Transfer, ed. John Kirkland (Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1996), 1-24; Mark Brunsell, "A Struggle to Acquire High-Tech Knowledge: The U.S., Japan, and Europe, Industrial Management 33, no. 6 (1991): 23-30.
15. John Kirkland, "Introduction: The Problem of Technology Transfer," in Barriers to International Technology' Transfer, ed. John Kirkland (Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1996), 1-24; Mark Brunsell, "A Struggle to Acquire High-Tech Knowledge: The U.S., Japan, and Europe, Industrial Management 33, no. 6 (1991): 23-30.
16. Okyay Kaynak and Asif Sabanovich, "Diffusion of New Technologies through Appropriate Education and Training," in Rabkin, Diffusion of New Technologies, 151-60.
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18. Asian Development Bank (ADB), "Strengthening the Bank's Role in Technology Transfer and Development," in Technology Transfer and Development: Implications for Developing Asia (Manila: ADB, 1995), 101-38; Namik K. Pak and Ergun Turkcan, "Some Issues of Technoeconomic Developments in Turkey," in Kirkland, Barriers to International Technology Transfer, 91-98.
19. Vladimir Pucik, "Technology Transfer in Strategic Alliances: Competitive Collaboration and Organizational Learning," in Technology Transfer in International Business, ed. Tamir Agmon and Mary Ann Von Ginow (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991), 121-42; Denis Fred Simon, "International Business and the Transborder Movement ot Technology: A Dialectic Perspective," ibid., 5-28.
20. Vladimir Pucik, "Technology Transfer in Strategic Alliances: Competitive Collaboration and Organizational Learning," in Technology Transfer in International Business, ed. Tamir Agmon and Mary Ann Von Ginow (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991), 121-42; Denis Fred Simon, "International Business and the Transborder Movement ot Technology: A Dialectic Perspective," ibid., 5-28.
21. Simon, "International Business and the Transborder Movement," 5-28.
22. Many academic attempts have been undertaken to study the influence of national institutional factors on technological knowledge accumulation or national technological capabilities. Eminent examples can be found in Nelson, National Innovation Systems and Porter, The Competitive Advantage of Nations.
23. Richard R. Nelson and Nathan Rosenberg, "Technical Innovation and National Systems," in Nelson, National Innovation Systems, 1-21.
24. Christopher Freemen, "Formal Scientific and Technical Institutions in the National Systems of Innovation," in National Systems of Innovation: Toward a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning, ed. Bengt-Ake Lundvall (London: Pinter, 1992), 169-90; and Bengt-Ake Lundvall, "Introduction," ibid., 1-22.
25. Christopher Freemen, "Formal Scientific and Technical Institutions in the National Systems of Innovation," in National Systems of Innovation: Toward a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning, ed. Bengt-Ake Lundvall (London: Pinter, 1992), 169-90; and Bengt-Ake Lundvall, "Introduction," ibid., 1-22.
26. Bjorn Johnson, "Institutional Learning," in Lundvall, National Systems of Innovation, 23-44.
27. Lundvall, "Introduction," 1-22.
28. Chris Freeman, "The National System of Innovation in Historical Perspective," Cambridge Journal of Economics, February 1995, 5-24.
29. Ibid.
30. Lewis M. Branscomb, "The National Technology Policy Debate," in Empowering Technology: Implementing a U.S. Strategy, ed. Lewis M. Branscomb (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1993), 1-35.
31. Ibid.
32. Lois S. Peters, "The Dimensions of Strategic Leadership in Technical Hybrid Organizational Relationships," in Advances in Global High-Technology Management (Greenwich, Conn.: JAI Press, 1995), 5 (B): 171-200.
33. Lois S. Peters, "The Corporate Campus: Worldwide University-Industry Connections in Biotechnology," Journal of NIH Research, March 1992, 4-10.
34. SSTC, Guidelines for China's Science and Technology Policy (1986), 298-304.
35. SSTC, Guidelines for China's Science and Technology Policy, Science and Technology White Paper, no. 4 (Beijing: Science and Technology Documentary Press, 1989), 3.
36. Asian Law and Practice, "Contracts," in China Investment Manual, ed. Donald J. Lewis (Hong Kong: Asian Law and Practice, 1994), 71-79.
37. SSTC, Guidelines for China's Science and Technology Policy (1986), 76-80.
38. Ibid., 144-47.
39. Ibid.
40. SSTC, Guidelines for China's Science and Technology Policy (1988), 83-87.
41. Ibid., 224; SSTC, China Science and Technology Indicators (1992), 5-6.
42. Ibid., 224; SSTC, China Science and Technology Indicators (1992), 5-6.
43. Kerri Wright Platais and Michael P. Collison, "Biotechnology and the Developing World," Finance and Development 29, no. 1 (1992): 34-40.
44. See Asia Pulse, "China Begins Mass Production of White Blood Cells," Nationwide Financial News (Sydney), April 30, 1998.
45. Ibid.
46. Asia Pulse, "China Able to Feed Its Own Population," Nationwide Financial News, October 22, 1998.
47. Samuel Ho, "Technology Transfer to China during the 1980s: How Effective? Some Evidence from Jiangsu," Pacific Affairs 70, no. 1 (Spring 1997): 85-106.
48. Li-ling Lo, "Patent Protection for Biotechnology," in Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Industry: Biotechnology, ed. Wei-cheng Tien (Taipei: Development Center for Biotechnology, 1998), 29-40.
49. SSTC, China Science and Technology Indicators, Science and Technology Yellow Paper, no. 3 (Beijing: Science and Technology Documentary Press, 1996), 139; "Rules for the Implementation of the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China," at 〈http://www.moftec. gov.cn/moftec/official/html/laws_and_regulations/trade41.html〉.
50. SSTC, China Science and Technology Indicators, Science and Technology Yellow Paper, no. 3 (Beijing: Science and Technology Documentary Press, 1996), 139; "Rules for the Implementation of the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China," at 〈http://www.moftec. gov.cn/moftec/official/html/laws_and_regulations/trade41.html〉.
51. SSTC, Guidelines for China's Science and Technology Policy (1995), 81-82.
52. Lawrence M. Rausch, "Industry, Technology, and Competitiveness in the Marketplace," in National Science Board, Science and Engineering Indicators: 1998 (Arlington, Va.: National Science Foundation, 1998), chap. 6.
53. Francis Bassolino and Joseph Tse, "Leveraging Technology in the PRC," China Business Review 26, no. 1 (January/February 1999): 20-24.
54. Ibid.
55. Ibid.
56. SSTC, China Science and Technology Indicators (1992), 129.
57. SSTC, Guidelines for China's Science and Technology Policy (1995), 42.
58. Douglas C. Markel and Randy Peerenboom, "The Technology Transfer Tango," China Business Review 24, no. 1 (January/February 1997): 25-32.
59. David B. Kay and Sharon J. Mann, "Technology Transfer and Intellectual Property Issues," in The Life and Death of Joint Venture in China, ed. Donald J. Lewis, second edition (revised) (Hong Kong: Asian Law and Practice, 1996), 163-92.
60. See note 49 above.
61. Ibid.
62. Ibid.
63. See note 44 above.
64. Wei-cheng Tien, "Biotechnology and Biotechnology Industry," in Tien, Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Industry, 1-16.
65. Ibid.
66. Leo A. Orleans, "Reforms and Innovations in the Utilization of China's Scientific and Engineering Talent," in Science and Technology in Post-Mao China, ed. Denis Fred Simon and Merle Goldman (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1989), 89-117.
67. Ibid.
68. SSTC, Guidelines for China's Science and Technology Policy (1986), 78-79.
69. Ching Kwan Lee, "From Organized Dependence to Disorganized Despotism: Changing Labour Regimes in Chinese Factories," The China Quarterly, no. 157 (1999): 44-71.
70. Kathy Chen, "China's Overhaul Has Firms Scrambling," The Wall Street Journal, March 12, 1998, A14.
71. SSTC, Guidelines for China's Science and Technology Policy (1988), 14-17.
72. SSTC, Guidelines for China's Science and Technology Policy (1995), 353-54.