Measuring the potency of risk factors for clinical or policy significance

Psychological Methods

Volumn 4, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 257-271

  Kraemer, Helena Chmura ^c   Offord, David R ^a   Jensen, Peter S ^b   Kazdin, Alan E ^e   Kessler, Ronald C ^e   Kupfer, David J ^d  

^a MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH   (United States)

^c STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

^e NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0040435680     PISSN: 1082989X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/1082-989X.4.3.257     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Bloch, D. A., & Kraemer, H. C. (1989). 2 × 2 kappa coefficients: Measures of agreement or association. Biometrics, 45, 269-287.
2. Cohen, J. (1968) Weighted kappa: Nominal scale agreement with provision for scaled disagreement or partial credit. Psychological Bulletin, 70, 213-229.
3. Cohen, J. (1983). The cost of dichotomization. Applied Psychological Measurement, 7, 249-253.
4. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
5. Coie, J. D., Watt, N. F., West, S. G., Hawkins, J. D., Asarnow, J. R., Markman, H. J., Ramey, S. L., Shure, M. B., & Long, V. (1993). The science of prevention: A conceptual framework and some directions for a national research program. American Psychologist, 48, 1013-1022.
6. Donner, A., & Eliasziw, M. (1992). A goodness-of-fit approach to inference procedures for the kappa statistics: Confidence interval construction, significance-testing and sample size estimation. Statistics In Medicine, 11, 1511-1519.
7. Feinstein, A. R. (1967). Clinical judgment. Huntington, NY: Robert E. Krieger.
8. Fleiss, J. L. (1981). Statistical methods for rates and proportions. New York: Wiley.
9. Fleiss, J. L., & Cicchetti, D. V. (1978). Inference about weighted kappa in the non-null case. Applied Psychological Measurement, 2, 113-117.
10. Fleiss, J. L., & Davies, M. (1982). Jackknifing functions of multinomial frequencies, with an application to a measure of concordance. American Journal of Epidemiology, 115, 841-845.
11. Goodman, L. A., & Kruskal, W. H. (1979). Measures of association for cross classifications. New York: Springer-Verlag.
12. Kraemer, H. C. (1985). The robustness of common measures of 2 × 2 association to resist bias due to misclassifications. The American Statistician, 39, 286-290.
13. Kraemer, H. C. (1988). Assessment of 2 × 2 associations: Generalization of signal detection methodology. The American Statistician, 42, 37-49.
14. Kraemer, H. C. (1992). Evaluating medical tests: Objective and quantitative guidelines. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
15. Kraemer, H. C., & Bloch, D. A. (1988). Kappa coefficients in epidemiology: An appraisal of a reappraisal. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 41, 959-968.
16. Kraemer, H. C., Kazdin, A. E., Offord, D. R., Kessler, R. C., Jensen, P. S., & Kupfer, D. J. (1997). Coming to terms with the terms of risk. Archives of General Psychiatry, 54, 337-343.
17. Kraemer, H. C., & Thiemann, S. (1987). How many subjects? Statistical power analysis in research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
18. Landis, J. R., & Koch, G. G. (1977). The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics, 33, 159-174.
19. Mash, E., & Terdal, L. (1988). Behavioral assessment of childhood disorders. New York: Guilford.
20. McCord, J., & Tremblay, R. E. (1992). Preventing antisocial behavior. New York: Guilford.
21. McNeil, B. J., Keeler, E., & Adelstein, S. J. (1975). Primer on certain elements of medical decision making. The New England Journal of Medicine, 293, 211-215.
22. Robins, L. N. (1991). Conduct disorder. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 32, 193-212.
23. Swets, J. A. (1986a). Form of empirical ROCs in discrimination and diagnostic tasks: Implications for theory and measurement of performance. Psychological Bulletin, 99, 181-198.
24. Swets, J. A. (1986b). Indices of discrimination or diagnostic accuracy: Their ROCs and implied models. Psychological Bulletin, 99, 100-117.
25. Swets, J. A., & Pickett, R. M. (1982). Evaluation of diagnostic systems: Methods from signal detection theory. New York: Academic Press