France and trade policy: Is the 'French exception' passée?

International Affairs

Volumn 72, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 293-309

  Messerlin, Patrick A ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 0040199410     PISSN: 00205850     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/2624357     Document Type: Article

References (12)

1. Serious discussions about trade liberalization started in France in 1850. Secret negotiations with the British began in November 1859. They led to the final tariff schedule in November 1860. Cabinet opposition was led by the finance minister. Parliament could be left aside because the trade agreement was legally a treaty, hence requiring only the signature of Napoleon III to have legal force. The hearings lasted two days, in January 1860. See Arthur Durham, The Anglo-French treaty of commerce of 1860 (Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1930).
2. Charles Kindleberger, 'Group behavior and international trade', Journal of Political Economy 59: 1, February 1951, pp. 30-46.
3. The trade wars that France faced around the 1890s were triggered by its trading partners, and if it did retaliate (suggesting it believed it had some kind of market power), it was clearly doing so in order to re-establish the duties prevailing before the trade war. See John Conybeare, Trade wars: the theory and practice of international commercial rivalry (New York: Columbia University Press, 1987), pp. 183-91.
4. Jagdish Bhagwati and Douglas Irwin, 'The return of the reciprocitarians: US trade policy today', The World Economy 10, 1987, pp. 109-30.
5. Jan Tumlir, Protectionism: trade policy in democratic societies (Washington DC: American Enterprise Institute, 1985), pp. 19-25.
6. Martin Wolf, The resistible appeal of fortress Europe (London: Centre for Policy Studies, April 1994).
7. Patrick Hoguet, Les résultats du cycle de l'Uruguay Round (Paris: Assemblée Nationale, Rapport 1066, 1994), pp. 7-14.
8. Jan Tumlir, Economic policy as a constitutional problem (London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 1984), p. 13.
9. Patrick A. Messerlin, 'Subsidies and trade policy: a report to the European Commission DG II', mimeo (Paris: Institut d'Etudes Politiques, 1995).
10. Richard Snape, 'International regulations of subsidies', The World Economy 14: 2, June 1991, pp. 139-64.
11. Patrick Devedjian, Le libre-échange, une chance pour la France? (Paris: Assemblée Nationale, 1993), pp. 9-90. Because of the information on subsidies, publication of the report came close to being prohibited by the National Assembly.
12. Cour des Comptes, 'Le Centre national de la cinématographie', in Rapport Annuel (Paris: Cour des Comptes, 1993).