Satellite and rocket-borne atomic oxygen sensor techniques

Review of Scientific Instruments

Volumn 72, Issue 11, 2001, Pages 4025-4041

  Osborne, J J ^a   Harris, I L ^b   Roberts, G T ^c   Chambers, A R ^c  

^a VEGA IT GmbH   (Germany)

^b CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0040154730     PISSN: 00346748     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.1406928     Document Type: Review

References (153)

1. J. P. W. Stark and S. B. Gabriel, in Spacecraft Systems Engineering, 2nd ed., edited by P. Fortescue and J. P. W. Stark (Wiley, Chichester, UK, 1997), pp. 11-44.
2. K. L. Bedingfield, R. D. Leach, and M. B. Alexander, NASA Reference Publication No. 1390, 1996.
3. B. F. James, O. W. Norton, and M. B. Alexander, NASA Reference Publication 1350, 1994.
4. B. A. Banks, S. K. Rutledge, and J. A. Brady, Proceedings of the 15th Space Simulation Conference, Williamsburg, VA, 1988, p. 51.
5. A. E. Hedin (www resources): (1) http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/space/ model/atmos/msis.html, (2) http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/space/model/ models/msis.html
6. Y. Haruvy, Eur. Space Agency [Spec. Publ.] ESA SP 14, 109 (1990).
7. L. J. Leger, NASA Tech. Memo. 58246 (1982).
8. L. J. Leger, AIAA Pap. 83-0073 (1983).
9. L. J. Leger, J. T. Visentine, and J. F. Kuminecz, AIAA Pap. 84-0548 (1984).
10. W. S. Slemp, B. Santos-Mason, G. F. Sykes, Jr., and W. G. Witte, Jr., Report No. AIAA-85-0421, 1985.
11. A. R. Chambers, I. L. Harris, and G. T. Roberts, Mater. Lett. 26, 121 (1996).
12. M. R. Reddy, J. Mater. Sci. 30, 281 (1995).
13. A. E. Hedin, Planet. Space Sci. 36, 907 (1988).
14. J. T. Visentine and L. J. Leger, Proceedings of the NASA Workshop on Atomic Oxygen Effects, Pasadena, CA, 1986, p. 11.
15. J. Borde, P. Renard, G. de Sabbathier, and G. Drolshagen, Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Materials in a Space Environment, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, 1994, p. 271.
16. P. Renard, Matra Marconi Espace (personal communication to I. L. Harris, 1994).
17. J. Gumbel, Ph.D. thesis, Stockholm University, 1997.
18. A. D. Danilov and V. G. Istomin, Chemistry of the Ionosphere (Plenum, New York, 1970).
19. F. Kaufman, Prog. React. Kinet. 1, 1 (1961).
20. U. von Zahn, J. Geophys. Res. 72, 5933 (1967).
21. A. O. Nier, W. E. Potter, D. R. Hickman, and K. Mauersberger, Radio Sci. 8, 271 (1973).
22. D. T. Pelz, C. A. Reber, A. E. Hedin, and G. R. Garigan, Radio Sci. 8, 277 (1973).
23. D. Offermann and A. Drescher, J. Geophys. Res. 78, 6690 (1973).
24. D. Offermann, V. Friedrich, P. Ross, and U. von Zahn, Planet. Space Sci. 29, 747 (1981).
25. V. H. Friedrich, D. Offermann, H. Trinks, and U. von Zahn, J. Geophys. 44, 139 (1977).
26. D. E. Hunton, E. Trzeinski, J. B. Cross, L. H. Spangler, M. H. Hoffbauer, F. H. Archuleta, and J. T. Visentine, Proceedings of the NASA Workshop on Atomic Oxygen Effects, Pasadena, CA, 1986, p. 21.
27. G. S. Arnold, Aerospace Corporation (personal communication, 1990).
28. S. L. Koontz, L. J. Leger, S. L. Rickman, C. L. Hakes, D. T. Bui, D. E. Hunton, and J. B. Cross, J. Spacecr. Rockets 32, 475 (1995).
29. H. B. Niemann and B. C. Kennedy, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 37, 722 (1966).
30. A. E. Hedin and A. O. Nier, J. Geophys. Res. 71, 4121 (1966).
31. K. Mauserberger, D. Muller, D. Offermann, and U. von Zahn, J. Geophys. Res. 73, 1071 (1968).
32. W. Bitterberg, K. Brutchhausen, D. Offermann, and U. von Zahn, J. Geophys. Res. 75, 5528 (1970); J. Gross and U. von Zahn, Space Res. 11, 875 (1971); U. von Zahn, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 34, 1 (1963).
33. W. Bitterberg, K. Brutchhausen, D. Offermann, and U. von Zahn, J. Geophys. Res. 75, 5528 (1970); J. Gross and U. von Zahn, Space Res. 11, 875 (1971); U. von Zahn, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 34, 1 (1963).
34. W. Bitterberg, K. Brutchhausen, D. Offermann, and U. von Zahn, J. Geophys. Res. 75, 5528 (1970); J. Gross and U. von Zahn, Space Res. 11, 875 (1971); U. von Zahn, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 34, 1 (1963).
35. H. Trinks, D. Offermann, U. von Zahn, and C. Steinhauer, J. Geophys. Res. 83, 2169 (1978).
36. C. R. Philbrick, R. S. Narcisi, D. W. Baker, E. Trzcinski, and M. E. Gardner, Space Res. 13, 322 (1973).
37. G. W. Sjolander, J. Geophys. Res. 81, 3767 (1976).
38. K. Mauersberger, D. C. Kayser, W. E. Potter, and A. O. Nier, J. Geophys. Res. 81, 7 (1976).
39. J. B. Cross, S. L. Koontz, and D. E. Hunton, J. Spacecr. Rockets 32, 496 (1995).
40. C. R. Philbrick and J. P. McIsaac, Space Res. 12, 743 (1972).
41. J. B. Cross, Los Alamos National Laboratory (personal communication, 1993).
42. I. L. Harris, Ph.D. thesis, University of Southampton, Southampton, 1996.
43. H. B. Niemann, J. R. Booth, J. E. Cooley, R. E. Hartle, W. T. Kasprzak, N. W. Spencer, S. H. Way, D. M. Hunten, and G. R. Carignan, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. GE-18, 60 (1980).
44. H. B. Niemann et al., Earth. Planets Space 50, 785 (1998).
45. L. J. Leger and J. T. Visentine, Aerosp. America 24, 32 (1986).
46. J. T. Visentine, NASA Tech. Memo. 100459 (1988).
47. D. G. Zimcik and C. R. Maag, J. Spacecr. Rockets 25, 162 (1988).
48. S. L. Koontz, L. J. Leger, J. T. Visentine, D. E. Hunton, J. B. Cross, and C. L. Hakes, Proceedings of the Long Duration Exposure Facility Third Post Retrieval Symposium, Williamsburg, VA, 1993, p. 869.
49. J-C. Guillaumon and A. Paillous, Conference on LDEF Materials Results for Spacecraft Applications, Huntsville, AL, 1992, p. 485.
50. S. Koontz, G. King, A. Dunnet, T. Kirkendahl, R. Linton, and J. Vaughn, Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Materials in a Space Environment, Cannes, France, 1991, p. 331.
51. L. J. Leger, S. L. Koontz, J. T. Visentine, and D. Hunton, Conference on LDEF Materials Results for Spacecraft Applications, Huntsville, AL, 1992, p. 391.
52. L. J. Leger, J. T. Visentine, and B. Santos-Mason, Proceedings of the 18th International SAMPE Technical Conference, Seattle, WA, 1986, p. 1015.
53. F. Levadou, M. Froggatt, M. Rott, and E. Schneider, Conference on LDEF-69 Months in Space: Proceedings of the 1st LDEF Post-Retrieval Symposium, Kissimmee, FL, 1991, p. 875.
54. B. A. Stein and H. G. Pippin, Conference on LDEF-69 Months in Space: Proceedings of the 1st LDEF Post-Retrieval Symposium, Kissimmee, FL, 1991, p. 617.
55. J.-C. Guillaumon, J. Marco, and A. Paillous, Proceedings of the 5th European Symposium on Materials in a Space Environment, Cannes, France, 1991, p. 27.
56. B. A. Banks, in Modern Fluoropolymers: High Performance Polymers for Diverse Applications, edited by J. Schiers (Wiley, New York, 1997), Chap. 4.
57. R. R. Kamenetzky, R. C. Linton, M. M. Fickenor, and J. A. Vaughn, Proceedings of the Long Duration Exposure Facility Third Post Retrieval Symposium, Williamsburg, VA, 1993, p. 1025.
58. W. R. Henderson, J. Geophys. Res. 79, 3819 (1974).
59. R. J. Thomas, Ph.D. thesis, Utah State University, 1970.
60. J. C. Gregory and G. N. Raikar, Conference on LDEF Materials Results for Spacecraft Applications, Huntsville, AL, 1992, p. 439.
61. G. S. Arnold and D. R. Peplinski, AIAA J. 24, 673 (1986).
62. P. N. Peters, J. C. Gregory, and J. T. Swann, Appl. Opt. 25, 1290 (1986).
63. P. N. Peters, R. C. Linton, and E. R. Miller, Geophys. Res. Lett. 10, 569 (1983).
64. J. S. Matcham, Ph.D. thesis, University of Southampton, 1998.
65. LDEF-69 Months in Space: Proceedings of the 2nd LDEF Post-Retrieval Symposium, edited by, A. S. Levine, San Diego, CA, 1992, Vols. I-IV.
66. J. T. Visentine, L. J. Leger, J. F. Kuminecz, and I. K. Spiker, AIAA Pap. 85-0415 (1985).
67. L. J. Leger, J. T. Visentine, and J. A. Schliesing, AIAA Pap. 85-0476 (1985).
68. A. F. Whitaker, J. A. Burka, J. E. Coston, S. A. Dahns, S. A. Little, and R. F. DeHaye, NASA Tech. Memo. 1, 100459 (1988).
69. A. V. Milintchouk, European Space Research and Technology Center (ESTEC) (personal communication, 1994).
70. H. H. Többen, G. A. Ringel, D. R. Schmitt, P. Weißbrodt, M. Schrenk, L. Raupach, and E. Hacker, Proceedings 2nd European Symposium on the Utilization of the International Space Station, ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, 1998.
71. S. F. Naumov, S. A. Demidov, N. I. Karpov, A. A. Gorodetski, and A. H. Kutlaliev, Proceedings of the 5th European Symposium on Materials in a Space Environment, Cannes, France, 1991.
72. C. Sable and J. Villaeys, Proceedings of the 5th European Symposium on Materials in a Space Environment, Cannes, France, 1991, p. 131.
73. H. Hamacher and H. E. Richter, Proceedings of the 5th European Symposium on Materials in a Space Environment, Cannes, France, 1991, p. 323.
74. B. A. Stein and P. R. Young, Proceedings of the LDEF Materials Workshop '91 (Hampton, VA, 1991), NASA-CP-3162.
75. N. J. Stevens, J. Spacecr. Rockets 27, 93 (1990).
76. J. B. Cross, S. L. Koontz, and E. H. Lan, Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Materials in a Space Environment, Cannes, France, 1991, p. 369.
77. L. J. Leger, S. L. Koontz, J. T. Visentine, and J. B. Cross, Proceedings of the 4th European Symposium on Spacecraft Materials in a Space Environment, Toulouse, France, 1988, p. 393.
78. H. G. Pippin, L. P. Torre, R. C. Linton, and A. F. Whitaker, Proceedings of the 34th International SAMPE Symposium, Reno, Nevada, 1989, p. 1143.
79. D. McKeown, Rarefied Gas Dynamics, edited by J. A. Laurmann (Academic, New York, 1963), Vol. 1, pp. 315-326.
80. J. J. Scialdone, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 12, 569 (1975).
81. J. Triolo, V. Kruger, R. McIntosh, C. R. Maag, and P. A. Porzio, J. Spacecr. Rockets 24, 400 (1984).
82. G. Drolshagen and M. van Eesbeek, Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Materials in a Space Environment, Toulouse, France, 1991, p. 405.
83. M. van Eesbeek, ESTEC Working Paper 1921, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, 1996.
84. G. E. Caledonia, R. H. Krech, and D. B. Oakes, Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Materials in a Space Environment, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, 1994, p. 285.
85. D. B. Oakes, R. H. Krech, B. L. Upschulte, and G. E. Caledonia, J. Appl. Phys. 77, 2166 (1995).
86. J. J. Osborne, ESTEC D-TOS/QMC Report No. 98/038, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, 1998.
87. W. R. Henderson and H. I. Schiff, Planet. Space Sci. 18, 1527 (1970).
88. R. J. Thomas and D. J. Baker, Can. J. Phys. 50, 1676 (1972).
89. Iu. A. Bragin, V. N. Kikhtenko, and S. Zh. Toktomyshev, Kosm. Issled. 12, 763 (1974) (in Russian).
90. P. H. G. Dickinson, W. C. Bain, L. Thomas, E. R. Williams, D. B. Jenkins, and N. D. Twiddy, Proc. R. Soc. London. Ser. A 369, 379 (1980).
91. J. C. Gregory, G. P. Miller, P. J. Pettigrew, G. N. Raikar, J. B. Cross, E. Lan, C. L. Renschler, and W. T. Sutherland, Proceedings of the Long Duration Exposure Facility Third Post Retrieval Symposium, Part III, Williamsburg, VA, 1993, p. 957.
92. G. P. Miller, P. J. Pettigrew, G. N. Raikar, and J. C. Gregory, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 68, 3557 (1997).
93. I. L. Harris, A. R. Chambers, and G. T. Roberts, Mater. Lett. 31, 321 (1997).
94. I. L. Harris, A. R. Chambers, and G. T. Roberts, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 68, 3220 (1997).
95. I. L. Harris, A. R. Chambers, and G. T. Roberts, Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Materials in a Space Environment, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, 1994, p. 195.
96. W. M. Moore and P. J. Codella, J. Phys. Chem. 92, 4421 (1988).
97. A. de Rooji, ESA J. 13, 363 (1989).
98. W. Haenni, H. Baumann, Ch. Comninellis, D. Gardini, P. Niedermann, A. Perret, and N. Skinner, Diamond Relat. Mater. 7, 569 (1998).
99. G. V. Malinova and I. A. Myasnikov, Kinet. Katal. 10, 263 (1969).
100. S. B. Gabriel, J. J. Osborne, G. T. Roberts, and A. R. Chambers, J. Spacecr. Rockets 35, 413 (1998).
101. J. J. Osborne, A. R. Chambers, G. T. Roberts, and S. B. Gabriel, Fourth International Conference on the Protection of Materials from the Space Environment, Toronto, Canada, 1998.
102. J. J. Osborne, G. T. Roberts, A. R. Chambers, and S. B. Gabriel, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 70, 2500 (1999).
103. J. J. Osborne, Ph.D. thesis, University of Southampton, 1999.
104. J. J. Osborne, G. T. Roberts, A. R. Chambers, and S. B. Gabriel, Sens. Actuators B 63, 55 (2000).
105. A. I. Livshits, E. E. Gutman, I. A. Myasnikov, V. M. Fursa, V. I. Padeev, Yu. A. Romanovski, and E. I. Kriman, Prib. Tekh. Eksp. 3, 177 (1981) (in Russian).
106. A. I. Livshits, E. E. Gutman, and I. A. Myasnikov, Kosm. Issled. 19, 415 (1981) (in Russian).
107. T. Stockle, Institut für Raumfahrtsysteme, Stuttgart University (personal communication, 2000).
108. European Space Agency TEAMSAT web page at: http:// www.estec.esa.nl/teamsat/team/fipex/fipex.html
109. M. R. Carruth, Jr., R. F. DeHaye, J. K. Norwood, and A. F. Whitaker. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 61, 1211 (1990).
110. J. Satchell, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 6, 379 (1993).
111. S. P. Perov and A. S. Rakhmanov, Space Res. 18, 261 (1977).
112. R. R. Meier, Space Sci. Rev. 58, 1 (1991).
113. D. F. Heath, Dissertation, The John Hopkins University, 1959.
114. H. B. Garrett, A. Chutjian, and S. Gabriel, J. Spacecr. Rockets 25, 321 (1988).
115. W. A. D. Greer, J. P. W. Stark, and N. H. Pratt, J. Geophys. Res. 100, 7821 (1995).
116. D. Golomb, N. W. Rosenberg, C. Aharonian, J. A. F. Hill, and H. L. Alden, J. Geophys. Res. 70, 1155 (1965).
117. D. Golomb and R. E. Good, Space Res. 12, 675 (1972).
118. E. van Hemelrijck, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 43, 345 (1981).
119. M. Ahmadjian and D. E. Jennings, J. Spacecr. Rockets 32, 507 (1995).
120. T. M. Donahue, B. Guenther, and R. J. Thomas, J. Geophys. Res. 78, 6662 (1973).
121. P. B. Hays, G. Carigan, B. C. Kennedy, G. G. Shepherd, and J. C. G. Walker, Radio Sci. 8, 369 (1973).
122. L. L. Cogger and J. S. Murphree, Space Res. 20, 115 (1980).
123. J. H. Yee and V. J. Abreu, Planet. Space Sci. 35, 1389 (1987).
124. R. E. Good, Planet. Space Sci. 24, 389 (1976).
125. C. R. Philhrick. R. S. Narcisi, R. E. Good, H. S. Hoffman, T. J. Keneshoa, M. A. MacLeod, S. P. Zimmerman, and B. W. Reinisch, Space Res. XIII, 441 (1973).
126. G. G. Shepherd, T. Fancott, L. McNally, and H. S. Kerr, Appl. Opt. 12, 1767 (1973).
127. S. M. Bailey, Hampton University, USA (formally at the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado) (personal communication, 1998).
128. R. A. Young, Proposal for Research No. 61-202, Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, California, 1961.
129. J. G. Anderson, Geophys. Res. Lett. 2, 231 (1975).
130. P. H. G. Dickinson, R. C. Bolden, and R. A. Young, Nature (London) 252, 289 (1974).
131. P. H. G. Dickinson, N. D. Twiddy, and R. A. Young, Space Res. 16, 301 (1976).
132. L. C. Howlett, K. D. Baker, L. R. Megill, A. W. Shaw, W. R. Pendleton, and J. C. Ulwick, J. Geophys. Res. 85, 1291 (1980).
133. W. E. Sharp, Geophys. Res. Lett. 7, 485 (1980).
134. R. J. Thomas and R. A. Young, J. Geophys. Res. 86, 7389 (1981).
135. K. Kita, T. Imamura, N. Iwagami, W. H. Morrow, and T. Ogawa, Ann. Geophys. (Germany) 14, 227 (1996).
136. T. M. Donahue, J. G. Anderson, W. T. Rawlins, F. Kaufman, and R. D. Hudson, Geophys. Res. Lett. 4, 79 (1977).
137. P. W. Erdman, Ph.D. thesis, University of Pittsburg, 1979.
138. D. G. Zimcik, R. C. Tennyson, L. J. Kolk, and C. R. Maag, Proceedings of the 3rd European Symposium on Spacecraft Materials in Space Environment, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, 1985, p. 81.
139. M. A. Butler and A. J. Ricco, Appl. Phys. Lett. 53, 1471 (1988).
140. M. A. Butler and A. J. Ricco, Sens. Actuators 19, 249 (1989).
141. F. J. Grunthaner et al. Anal. Chem. 67, A605 (1995).
142. C. H. Hersom, Instrument Services Lab, Institute for Space and Terrestrial Science, Ontario, Canada (personal communication, 1997).
143. L. Li, Master's thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, 1995.
144. N. N. Kudryavstev, O. A. Mazyar, and A. M. Sukhov, Instrum. Exp. Tech. 37, 16 (1994).
145. D. Offermann, University of Wuppertal, Germany (personal communication, 1998).
146. GSFC (Goddard Space Flight Center) Laboratory for Atmospheres web page at: http://webserver.gsfc.nasa.gov/java/missions.html
147. V. A. Pavlenko, V. I. Zarkhin, A. E. Rafal'son, and M. E. Slutskii, Kosm. Issled. 4, 457 (1966) (in Russian).
148. A. Cant, Undergraduate thesis, University of Southampton, 1990.
149. I. L. Harris, A. R. Chambers, and G. T. Roberts, J. Spacecr. Rockets 35, 647 (1998).
150. F. W. Schenkel, B. S. Ogorzalek, J. C. Larrabee, F. J. LeBlanc, and R. E. Huffman, Appl. Opt. 24, 3395 (1985).
151. C. D. Anger, T. Fancott, J. McNally, and H. S. Kerr, Appl. Opt. 12, 1753 (1973).
152. B. R. Clemesha, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (personal communication, 1998).
153. N. Iwagami, University of Tokyo, Japan (personal communication, 1999).