Collaborative research models: A review of Australian initiatives

American Archivist

Volumn 63, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 353-367

  McKemmish, Sue ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0040112839     PISSN: 03609081     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.17723/aarc.63.2.17wv1830882p8559     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (85)

1. For further discussion of the strategic response of the Australian recordkeeping community to the challenges presented by electronic recordkeeping, see Barbara Reed, "Electronic Records Management in Australia," Records Management Journal 7 (August 1997): 191.
2. The Australian recordkeeping community has also been involved in a range of international research and development initiatives, including the development of the International Standard on Records Management, and the InterPARES project , but this article focuses on national initiatives.
3. Sue McKemmish, "Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow: A Continuum of Responsibility," in Preserving Yesterday, Managing Today and Challenging Tomorrow: Proceedings 14th National Convention RMAA, 1997 (Perth: Records Management Association of Australia, 1997): 19; also available at.
4. also published in Naar een nieuw paradigma in de archivistiek (edited by P. J. Horsman, F. C. J. Ketelaar, T. H. P. M. Thomassen), Jaarboek 1999 (Gravenhage: Stichting Archiefpublicaties, 1999).
5. AS 4390.1-1996 Australian Standard: Records Management, (Homebush: Standards Australia, 1996), for details of availability see .
6. For more information on the development of AS 4390 see David O. Stephens and David Roberts, "From Australia: The World's First National Standard for Records Management," Records Management Quarterly 30 (Oct. 1996): 3-8:
7. David Roberts, "The New Australian Records Management Standard," Annual Meeting of NAGARA 19 July 1997 (Sacramento, 1997); available through
8. Australian Council of Archives, Common Framework for Electronic Recordkeeping (ACA, 1996) available at
9. and Records and Archives Competency Standards November 1997 (National Finance and Industry Training Advisory Body Ltd., Australian National Training Authority, 1997).
10. Records Management Office, Archives Authority of New South Wales, Documenting the Future: Policy and Strategy for Electronic Recordkeeping in the New South Wales Public Sector (AA NSW, July 1995), authored by David Roberts; available at in the NSW Public Sector area.
11. Australian Archives, Managing Electronic Records: A Shared Responsibility (Canberra: AA, 1995), authored by Keith Parrott and Greg O'Shea;
12. and Keeping Electronic Records (Canberra: AA, 1995), authored by Greg O'Shea; respectively available at and
13. Keeping Electronic Records Forever: Records Management Vision Development (Public Record Office Victoria and Ernst & Young, 1996); available at .
14. State Archives Authority of New South Wales via the New South Wales Public Sector area: Government Recordkeeping Manual, the Standard on Full and Accurate Records, the Manual for Design and Implementation of Recordkeeping Systems (DIRKS), and policies on Electronic Recordkeeping and Electronic Messages.
15. For detailed information about the e-permanence recordkeeping standard initiative, see .
16. For a discussion of the strategy involved see David Roberts, "Building a Recordkeeping Regime Across Government," in Preserving Yesterday, Managing Today and Challenging Tomorrow: Proceedings 14th National Convention RMAA, 1997, (Perth: Records Management Association of Australia, 1997);
17. available though the Publications area at .
18. AS 4390, Part 1: General, pp. 6-7.
19. AS 4390, Part 1: General, pp. 6-7.
20. For samples of the discourse see David Bearman, Electronic Evidence: Strategies for Managing Records in Contemporary Organizations (Pittsburgh: Archives and Museum Informatics, 1994
21. Terry Cook, "Electronic Records, Paper Minds: The Revolution in Information Management and Archives in the Post- Custodial and Post-Modern Era," Archives and Manuscript, 22 (November 1994): 300-329
22. Terry Cook, "It's 10 O'Clock: Do You Know Where Your Data Are?" Technology Review 98 (January 1995): 48-53
23. Luciana Duranti, "Reliability and Authenticity: The Concepts and Their Implications," Archivaria 39 (Spring 1995): 5-10
24. Luciana Duranti and Heather MacNeil, "The Protection of Electronic Records: An Overview of the UBC-MAS Research," Archivaria 42 (Fall 1996): 46-67
25. Electronic Records Management Program Strategies, edited by Margaret Hedstrom (Pittsburgh: Archives and Museum Informatics, 1993
26. and John McDonald, "Managing Records in the Modern Office: Taming the Wild Frontier," Archivaria 39 (Spring 1995): 70-79.
27. This discourse is analyzed in detail in Terry Cook, "What is Past is Prologue: A History of Archival Ideas Since 1898, and the Future Paradigm Shift," Archivaria 43 (Spring 1997): 38-39.
28. The "Functional Requirements for Evidence in Recordkeeping Project" report can be viewed at .
29. Citations to many related papers, e.g. by David Bearman, Richard Cox and Wendy Duff, can be found at .
30. For example, see Glenda Acland, "Managing the Record Rather than the Relic," Archives and Manuscripts, 20, no. 1 (May 1992): 57-63
31. Archives Authority of New South Wales, Records and Recordkeeping: Introducing New Concepts (November 1995), available on the State Records Authority New South Wales web site:
32. available via the New South Wales Public Sector's Government Recordkeeping Manual and Records and Recordkeeping link;
33. Sue McKemmish and Frank Upward, eds, Archival Documents: Providing Accountability Through Recordkeeping (Clayton, Victoria: Ancora Press, 1993).
34. Greg O'Shea and David Roberts, "Living in a Digital World: Recognizing the Electronic and Post-Custodial Realities," Archives and Manuscripts 24 (November 1996): 286-311
35. Steve Stuckey, "Keepers of the Flame? The Custodial Role of Australian Archives-Its History and Its Future," in The Records Continuum: Ian Maclean and Australian Archives First Fifty Years, edited by Sue McKemmish and Michael Piggott (Clayton: Ancora Press in association with Australian Archives, 1994): 35-48
36. Frank Upward and Sue McKemmish, "Somewhere Beyond Custody," Archives and Manuscripts 22 (May 1994): 138-49.
37. Frank Upward, "In Search of the Continuum: Ian Maclean's 'Australian Experience' Essays on Recordkeeping," in The Records Continuum: Ian Maclean and Australian Archives First Fifty Years, 110-30;
38. Frank Upward, "Structuring the Records Continuum: Part 1," Archives and Manuscripts 24 ( November 1996): 268-85
39. Frank Upward, "Structuring the Records Continuum: Part 2 Structuration Theory and Recordkeeping," Archives and Manuscripts 25 (May 1997): 10-35.
40. For background information on the project and its evolution, see Sue McKemmish, Adrian Cunningham and Dagmar Parer, "Metadata Mania: Use of Metadata for Electronic Recordkeeping and Online Resource Discovery" in Place, Interface and Cyberspace: Archives at the Edge, Proceedings of the 1998 Conference of the Australian Society of Archivists, Fremantle 6-8 August 1998 (Canberra: Australian Society of Archivists, 1999): 129-44
41. and Sue McKemmish and Glenda Acland "Accessing Essential Evidence on the Web: Towards an Australian Recordkeeping Metadata Standard," AusWeb99 Conference Proceedings, available at
42. For details of project outcomes and updates, visit the project web site at.
43. and see the following articles: Sue McKemmish, Glenda Acland and Barbara Reed, "Towards a Framework for Standardizing Recordkeeping Metadata: The Australian Recordkeeping Metadata Schema," Records Management Journal 9 (December 1999): 177-202
44. and Sue McKemmish, Glenda Acland, Nigel Ward, and Barbara Reed, "Describing Records in Context in the Continuum: The Australian Recordkeeping Metadata Schema," Archivaria 48 (Fall 1999): 3-43.
45. For example see Acland, "Managing the Record Rather than the Relic," 57-63
46. McKemmish and Upward, eds, Archival Documents: Providing Accountability Through Recordkeeping;
47. O'Shea and Roberts, "Living in a Digital World: Recognizing the Electronic and Post-Custodial Realities", 286-311
48. Stuckey, "Keepers of the Flame? The Custodial Role of Australian Archives-Its History and Its Future,"
49. and Upward and McKemmish, "Somewhere Beyond Custody," 138-49.
50. Barbara Reed, "Metadata: Core Record or Core Business," Archives and Manuscripts, 25 (November 1997): 218-41, available at .
51. See, for example, these three articles by Chris Hurley: "The Making and Keeping of Records: (1) What Are Finding Aids For?" Archives and Manuscripts 26 (May 1998): 57-77
52. "What, If Anything, Is A Function?" Archives and Manuscripts 21 (November 1993): 208-20
53. and "Ambient Functions: Abandoned Children to Zoos," Archivaria 40 (Fall 1995): 21-39.
54. McKemmish, Acland, Ward and Reed, "Describing Records in Context in the Continuum: the Australian Recordkeeping Metadata Schema.
55. See, in particular, these articles by David Bearman: "Record-Keeping Systems," Archivaria 36 (Autumn 1993): 16-37
56. "Documenting Documentation," Archivaria 34 (Summer 1992): 33-49
57. "Item Level Control and Electronic Recordkeeping," Archives and Museum Informatics 10 (1996): 195-245
58. and (with Ken Sochats) "Metadata Requirements for Evidence;" available at .
59. For more information about the Australian Series System, see, McKemmish and Piggott, The Records Continuum: Ian Maclean and Australian Archives First Fifty Years.
60. Of particular interest in this volume are the papers by Mark Wagland and Russell Kelly, "The Series System-A Revolution in Archival Control," 131-49
61. Chris Hurley, "The Australian (Series) System: An Exposition," 150-72
62. and Sue McKemmish, "Are Records Ever Actual?" 187-203.
63. Peter Scott, "The Record Group Concept: A Case for Abandonment," American Archivist 29 (October 1966): 493-504.
64. Terry Cook, "The Concept of the Archival Fonds: Theory, Description, and Provenance in the Post- Custodial Era," in The Archival Fonds: From Theory to Practice, edited by Terry Eastwood (Ottawa: Bureau of Canadian Archivists, 1992), 38
65. see also Terry Cook, "Electronic Records, Paper Minds.
66. See, for example, Margaret Hedstrom, "Building Record-Keeping Systems: Archivists are not Alone on the Wild Frontier," Archivaria (1998): 44-71.
67. Wendy Duff, "Harnessing the Power of Warrant," American Archivist 61 (Spring 1998): 88-105.
68. University of Pittsburgh, School of Information Sciences, "Functional Requirements for Evidence in Recordkeeping;" available at .
69. University of British Columbia, School of Library, Archival and Information Studies, "The Preservation of the Integrity of Electronic Records Project;" available at http://www.slais.ubc.ca/users/duranti/
70. see also Luciana Duranti and Heather MacNeil, "The Protection of Electronic Records".
71. The minimalist Dublin Core metadata set is a generic resource discovery metadata schema designed for implementation in web-based environments. For further details of the Dublin Core initiative, see
72. and Stuart Weibel, "The State of the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative April 1999," D-Lib Magazine 5 (April 1999), available at .
73. The Dublin Core-derived Australian Government Locator Service metadata standard is primarily concerned with describing government services and information resources for discovery and retrieval purposes, although its further development aims to facilitate the transaction of government business online.For more information on the Australian Government Locator Service initiative, see Australian Government Locator Service (AGLS) Manual for Users, Version 1.1: 1999-06-09 (Canberra: Office of Government Online and National Archives of Australia, 1999), available at .
74. For more information on the RDF, see the W3C RDF homepage at http://www.w3.org/RDF and the following article:
75. Eric Miller, "An Introduction to the Resource Description Framework," D-Lib Magazine (May 1998) available at .
76. For more information about ORM, see T. Halpin, Conceptual Schema & Relational Database Design, 2nd edition (Sidney: Prentice Hall Australia, 1995).
77. Public Record Office of Victoria, Victorian Electronic Records Strategy: Final Report (Melbourne: Public Record Office of Victoria, 1998
78. Justine Heazlewood, et al., "Electronic Records: Problem Solved?" Archives and Manuscripts 27 (May 1999): 96-113
79. see also the Victorian Electronic Records Strategy web site at .
80. University of Pittsburgh, School of Information Sciences, "Metadata Specifications Derived from the Functional Requirements: A Reference Model for Business Acceptable Communications;" available at .
81. Heazlewood, "Electronic Records: Problem Solved?" 102.
82. School of Information Management and Systems, Monash University, "Enterprise Information Research Group (EIRG)," Proposal Document prepared by EIRG Director Associate Professor Sue Mckemmish and EIRG Deputy Director Dr. Frada Burstein, July 1999.
83. School of Information Management and Systems, Monash University, "Knowledge Management Program for Information Communities," Strategic Monash University Research Fund Application prepred by Dr. Frada Burstein, Associate Professor Sue McKemmish, and Dr. Kirsty Williamson, November 1999.
84. "About DSTC" on the DSTC website at .
85. "DSTC Project Proposal: Information Ecology," prepared by Peter Bruza, Tim Mansfield, and Nigel Ward, August 1999.