메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 42, Issue 6, 1998, Pages 667-690

Cognitive-affective states predict military and political aggression and risk taking

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 0040096224     PISSN: 00220027     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0022002798042006001     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (37)

References (112)
  • 3
    • 0039285178 scopus 로고
    • Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland, 1986
    • Adams, A. E. 1986. Stalin and his times. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland, 1986.
    • (1986) Stalin and his Times
    • Adams, A.E.1
  • 5
    • 0018599455 scopus 로고
    • Judgment of contingency in depressed and nondepressed students: Sadder but wiser?
    • Alloy, L. B., and L. Y. Abramson. 1979. Judgment of contingency in depressed and nondepressed students: Sadder but wiser? Journal of Experimental Psychology 108:441-85.
    • (1979) Journal of Experimental Psychology , vol.108 , pp. 441-485
    • Alloy, L.B.1    Abramson, L.Y.2
  • 8
    • 0001160717 scopus 로고
    • Canadian prime ministers: Complexity in political crises
    • Ballard, E. J. 1983. Canadian prime ministers: Complexity in political crises. Canadian Psychology 24:125-29.
    • (1983) Canadian Psychology , vol.24 , pp. 125-129
    • Ballard, E.J.1
  • 15
    • 0000939499 scopus 로고
    • Reassertion and giving up: The interactive role of self-directed attention and outcome expectancy
    • Carver, C. S., P. H. Blaney, and M. F. Scheier. 1979. Reassertion and giving up: The interactive role of self-directed attention and outcome expectancy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 37:1859-70.
    • (1979) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.37 , pp. 1859-1870
    • Carver, C.S.1    Blaney, P.H.2    Scheier, M.F.3
  • 18
    • 0020851197 scopus 로고
    • The role of cognition in depression: A critical appraisal
    • Coyne, J. C., and I. H. Gotlib. 1983. The role of cognition in depression: A critical appraisal. Psychological Bulletin 94:472-505.
    • (1983) Psychological Bulletin , vol.94 , pp. 472-505
    • Coyne, J.C.1    Gotlib, I.H.2
  • 19
    • 11944254274 scopus 로고
    • Personality structure: Emergence of the five-factor model
    • Digman, J. M. 1990. Personality structure: Emergence of the five-factor model. Annual Review of Psychology 41:417-40.
    • (1990) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.41 , pp. 417-440
    • Digman, J.M.1
  • 20
    • 0002618637 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral decision theory: Processes of judgement and choice
    • Einhorn, H., and R. M. Hogarth. 1981. Behavioral decision theory: Processes of judgement and choice. Annual Review of Psychology 31:53-88.
    • (1981) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.31 , pp. 53-88
    • Einhorn, H.1    Hogarth, R.M.2
  • 21
    • 0000677656 scopus 로고
    • Roosevelt and the Munich crisis: Insights from prospect theory
    • Farnham, B. 1992. Roosevelt and the Munich crisis: Insights from prospect theory. Political Psychology 13:205-35.
    • (1992) Political Psychology , vol.13 , pp. 205-235
    • Farnham, B.1
  • 23
    • 0038958625 scopus 로고
    • The impact of crisis-induced stress on decision-making
    • edited by Institute of Medicine. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences Press
    • George, A. 1986. The impact of crisis-induced stress on decision-making. In The medical implications of nuclear war, edited by Institute of Medicine. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences Press.
    • (1986) The Medical Implications of Nuclear War
    • George, A.1
  • 24
    • 84965736632 scopus 로고
    • Decision making during international crises: Is quality of process related to outcome?
    • Herek, G. M., I. L. Janis, and P. Huth. 1987. Decision making during international crises: Is quality of process related to outcome? Journal of Conflict Resolution 31:203-26.
    • (1987) Journal of Conflict Resolution , vol.31 , pp. 203-226
    • Herek, G.M.1    Janis, I.L.2    Huth, P.3
  • 25
    • 0000820636 scopus 로고
    • Assessing the personalities of Soviet Politburo members
    • Hermann, M. G. 1980. Assessing the personalities of Soviet Politburo members. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 6:332-52.
    • (1980) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.6 , pp. 332-352
    • Hermann, M.G.1
  • 26
    • 0000813691 scopus 로고
    • Assessing the foreign policy role orientations of sub-Saharan African leaders
    • edited by S. Walker. Durham, NC: Duke University Press
    • _. 1987. Assessing the foreign policy role orientations of sub-Saharan African leaders. In Role theory and foreign policy analysis, edited by S. Walker, 161-98. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
    • (1987) Role Theory and Foreign Policy Analysis , pp. 161-198
  • 27
    • 0003008797 scopus 로고
    • The cognitive patterning of stress states
    • edited by R. Hockey. Chichester, UK: Wiley
    • Hockey, R., and P. Hamilton. 1983. The cognitive patterning of stress states. In Stress and fatigue in human performance, edited by R. Hockey. Chichester, UK: Wiley.
    • (1983) Stress and Fatigue in Human Performance
    • Hockey, R.1    Hamilton, P.2
  • 28
    • 0019132431 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive self-statements in depression: Development of an automatic thoughts questionnaire
    • Hollon, S. D., and P. C. Kendall. 1980. Cognitive self-statements in depression: Development of an automatic thoughts questionnaire. Cognitive Therapy and Research 4:383-95.
    • (1980) Cognitive Therapy and Research , vol.4 , pp. 383-395
    • Hollon, S.D.1    Kendall, P.C.2
  • 33
    • 0002235711 scopus 로고
    • The influence of positive affect on decision making strategy
    • Isen, A. M., and B. Means. 1983. The influence of positive affect on decision making strategy. Social Cognition 2:18-31.
    • (1983) Social Cognition , vol.2 , pp. 18-31
    • Isen, A.M.1    Means, B.2
  • 34
    • 84993907306 scopus 로고
    • Problems of international crisis management in the nuclear age
    • Janis, I. L. 1986. Problems of international crisis management in the nuclear age. Journal of Social Issues 42:201-20.
    • (1986) Journal of Social Issues , vol.42 , pp. 201-220
    • Janis, I.L.1
  • 35
    • 85079299948 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive complexity in international decision-making
    • edited by P. Suedfeld and P. E. Tetlock. New York: Hemisphere
    • Janis, I. L., and L. Mann. 1991. Cognitive complexity in international decision-making. In Psychology and social policy, edited by P. Suedfeld and P. E. Tetlock, 33-49. New York: Hemisphere.
    • (1991) Psychology and Social Policy , pp. 33-49
    • Janis, I.L.1    Mann, L.2
  • 36
    • 84933490115 scopus 로고
    • Political implications of loss aversion
    • Jervis, R. 1992. Political implications of loss aversion. Political Psychology 13:187-203.
    • (1992) Political Psychology , vol.13 , pp. 187-203
    • Jervis, R.1
  • 37
    • 49649138413 scopus 로고
    • Subjective probability: A judgment of representativeness
    • Kahneman, D., and A. Tversky. 1972. Subjective probability: A judgment of representativeness. Cognitive Psychology 3:430-54.
    • (1972) Cognitive Psychology , vol.3 , pp. 430-454
    • Kahneman, D.1    Tversky, A.2
  • 38
    • 58149417364 scopus 로고
    • On the psychology of prediction
    • _. 1973. On the psychology of prediction. Psychological Review 80:237-51.
    • (1973) Psychological Review , vol.80 , pp. 237-251
  • 39
    • 0000125532 scopus 로고
    • Prospect theory: An analysis of decisions under risk
    • _. 1979. Prospect theory: An analysis of decisions under risk. Econometrica 47:263-91.
    • (1979) Econometrica , vol.47 , pp. 263-291
  • 40
    • 0041906967 scopus 로고
    • Choices, values, and frames
    • _. 1984. Choices, values, and frames. American Psychologist 39:341-50.
    • (1984) American Psychologist , vol.39 , pp. 341-350
  • 42
    • 0039285169 scopus 로고
    • Depression, attributional style, and failure generalization
    • Kammer, D. 1983. Depression, attributional style, and failure generalization. Cognitive Therapy and Research 7:413-23.
    • (1983) Cognitive Therapy and Research , vol.7 , pp. 413-423
    • Kammer, D.1
  • 43
    • 84970161666 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive heuristics and American security policy
    • Kanwisher, N. 1989. Cognitive heuristics and American security policy. Journal of Conflict Resolution 33:652-75.
    • (1989) Journal of Conflict Resolution , vol.33 , pp. 652-675
    • Kanwisher, N.1
  • 44
    • 4544246833 scopus 로고
    • Stressful life events, personality, and health: An inquiry into hardiness
    • Kobasa, S. C. 1979. Stressful life events, personality, and health: An inquiry into hardiness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 34:191-98.
    • (1979) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.34 , pp. 191-198
    • Kobasa, S.C.1
  • 45
    • 0039877038 scopus 로고
    • Translated by Tanya E. Mairs and edited by Carol Houck Smith. New York: Norton
    • Krotkov, Y. 1979. The red monarch: Scenes from the life of Stalin. Translated by Tanya E. Mairs and edited by Carol Houck Smith. New York: Norton.
    • (1979) The Red Monarch: Scenes from the Life of Stalin
    • Krotkov, Y.1
  • 46
    • 85047684659 scopus 로고
    • Motivational and functional helplessness: The moderating effect of state versus action orientation
    • Kuhl, J. 1981. Motivational and functional helplessness: The moderating effect of state versus action orientation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 40:155-70.
    • (1981) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.40 , pp. 155-170
    • Kuhl, J.1
  • 47
    • 0021152344 scopus 로고
    • Volitional aspects of achievement motivation and learned helplessness: Toward a comprehensive theory of action control
    • edited by B. A. Maher. New York: Academic Press
    • _. 1984. Volitional aspects of achievement motivation and learned helplessness: Toward a comprehensive theory of action control. In Progress in experimental personality research, edited by B. A. Maher, vol. 13, 99-171. New York: Academic Press.
    • (1984) Progress in Experimental Personality Research , vol.13 , pp. 99-171
  • 49
    • 0002574011 scopus 로고
    • Stress-related transactions between the person and the environment
    • edited by L. A. Pervin and M. Lewis. New York: Plenum
    • Lazarus, R. S., and R. Launier. 1978. Stress-related transactions between the person and the environment. In Perspectives in interactional psychology, edited by L. A. Pervin and M. Lewis. New York: Plenum.
    • (1978) Perspectives in Interactional Psychology
    • Lazarus, R.S.1    Launier, R.2
  • 50
    • 0000314151 scopus 로고
    • Prospect theory and international relations: Theoretical applications and analytical problems
    • Levy, J. S. 1992. Prospect theory and international relations: Theoretical applications and analytical problems. Political Psychology 13:283-309.
    • (1992) Political Psychology , vol.13 , pp. 283-309
    • Levy, J.S.1
  • 52
    • 0023319006 scopus 로고
    • Self-complexity as a cognitive buffer against stress-related illness and depression
    • Linville, P. W. 1987. Self-complexity as a cognitive buffer against stress-related illness and depression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 52:663-76.
    • (1987) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.52 , pp. 663-676
    • Linville, P.W.1
  • 56
    • 0028017981 scopus 로고
    • Sense of coherence: Its effects on psychological and physiological processes prior to and after a stressful situation
    • McSherry, W. C., and J. E. Holm. 1994. Sense of coherence: Its effects on psychological and physiological processes prior to and after a stressful situation. Journal of Clinical Psychology 50:476-87.
    • (1994) Journal of Clinical Psychology , vol.50 , pp. 476-487
    • McSherry, W.C.1    Holm, J.E.2
  • 57
    • 0015643352 scopus 로고
    • Toward a cognitive social learning reconceptualization of personality
    • Mischel, W. 1973. Toward a cognitive social learning reconceptualization of personality. Psychological Review 80:252-83.
    • (1973) Psychological Review , vol.80 , pp. 252-283
    • Mischel, W.1
  • 58
    • 0029287435 scopus 로고
    • A cognitive-affective system theory of personality: Reconceptualizing situations, dispositions, dynamics, and invariance in personality structure
    • Mischel, W., and Y. Shoda. 1995. A cognitive-affective system theory of personality: Reconceptualizing situations, dispositions, dynamics, and invariance in personality structure. Psychological Review 102:246-68.
    • (1995) Psychological Review , vol.102 , pp. 246-268
    • Mischel, W.1    Shoda, Y.2
  • 59
    • 21344493356 scopus 로고
    • Positive and negative self-complexity: Patterns of adjustment following traumatic versus nontraumatic life experience
    • Morgan, H. J., and R. Janoff-Bulman. 1994. Positive and negative self-complexity: Patterns of adjustment following traumatic versus nontraumatic life experience. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 13:63-85.
    • (1994) Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology , vol.13 , pp. 63-85
    • Morgan, H.J.1    Janoff-Bulman, R.2
  • 61
    • 0026315523 scopus 로고
    • Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes
    • Nolen-Hoeksema, S. 1991. Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 100:569-82.
    • (1991) Journal of Abnormal Psychology , vol.100 , pp. 569-582
    • Nolen-Hoeksema, S.1
  • 64
    • 12044255812 scopus 로고
    • A critical analysis of current trait theory
    • Pervin, L. A. 1994. A critical analysis of current trait theory. Psychological Inquiry 5:103-13.
    • (1994) Psychological Inquiry , vol.5 , pp. 103-113
    • Pervin, L.A.1
  • 65
    • 0021827499 scopus 로고
    • Depressive symptoms and unprompted causal attributions: Content analysis
    • Peterson, C., B. Bettes, and M.E.P. Seligman. 1985. Depressive symptoms and unprompted causal attributions: Content analysis. Behavioral Research and Therapy 23:379-82.
    • (1985) Behavioral Research and Therapy , vol.23 , pp. 379-382
    • Peterson, C.1    Bettes, B.2    Seligman, M.E.P.3
  • 66
    • 0021460022 scopus 로고
    • Causal explanations as a risk factor for depression: Theory and evidence
    • Peterson, C., and M.E.P. Seligman. 1984. Causal explanations as a risk factor for depression: Theory and evidence. Psychological Review 91:347-74.
    • (1984) Psychological Review , vol.91 , pp. 347-374
    • Peterson, C.1    Seligman, M.E.P.2
  • 67
    • 0024042234 scopus 로고
    • Pessimistic explanatory style as a risk factor for physical Illness: A thirty-five year longitudinal study
    • Peterson, C., M.E.P. Seligman, and G. Vaillant. 1988. Pessimistic explanatory style as a risk factor for physical Illness: A thirty-five year longitudinal study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 55:23-27.
    • (1988) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.55 , pp. 23-27
    • Peterson, C.1    Seligman, M.E.P.2    Vaillant, G.3
  • 68
    • 84965572116 scopus 로고
    • Integrative complexity theory and forecasting international crises: Berlin 1946-1962
    • Raphael, T. 1982. Integrative complexity theory and forecasting international crises: Berlin 1946-1962. Journal of Conflict Resolution 26:423-50.
    • (1982) Journal of Conflict Resolution , vol.26 , pp. 423-450
    • Raphael, T.1
  • 69
    • 0003895327 scopus 로고
    • Compiled with special material and explanatory notes by Samuel I. Rosenman. New York: Harper & Brothers
    • Roosevelt, F. D. 1938-1950. The public papers and addresses of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Compiled with special material and explanatory notes by Samuel I. Rosenman. New York: Harper & Brothers.
    • (1938) The Public Papers and Addresses of Franklin D. Roosevelt
    • Roosevelt, F.D.1
  • 72
    • 84965431666 scopus 로고
    • Military aggression and risk predicted by explanatory style
    • Satterfield, J. M., and M.E.P. Seligman. 1994. Military aggression and risk predicted by explanatory style. Psychological Science 5:77-82.
    • (1994) Psychological Science , vol.5 , pp. 77-82
    • Satterfield, J.M.1    Seligman, M.E.P.2
  • 73
    • 77957089826 scopus 로고
    • A model of behavioral self-regulation: Translating intention into action
    • edited by L. Berkowitz. New York: Academic Press
    • Scheier, M. F., and C. S. Carver. 1988. A model of behavioral self-regulation: Translating intention into action. In Advances in experimental social psychology, edited by L. Berkowitz, vol. 21, 303-46. New York: Academic Press.
    • (1988) Advances in Experimental Social Psychology , vol.21 , pp. 303-346
    • Scheier, M.F.1    Carver, C.S.2
  • 75
    • 0024433645 scopus 로고
    • Assessing explanatory style: The content analysis of verbatim explanations and the attributional style questionnaire
    • Schulman, P., C. Castellon, and M.E.P. Seligman. 1989. Assessing explanatory style: The content analysis of verbatim explanations and the Attributional Style Questionnaire. Behavior Research and Therapy 27:505-12.
    • (1989) Behavior Research and Therapy , vol.27 , pp. 505-512
    • Schulman, P.1    Castellon, C.2    Seligman, M.E.P.3
  • 77
    • 0004179736 scopus 로고
    • New York: Knopf
    • _. 1991. Learned optimism. New York: Knopf.
    • (1991) Learned Optimism
  • 79
    • 0000663219 scopus 로고
    • Prospect theory and political analysis: A psychological perspective
    • Shafir, E. 1992. Prospect theory and political analysis: A psychological perspective. Political Psychology 13:311-22.
    • (1992) Political Psychology , vol.13 , pp. 311-322
    • Shafir, E.1
  • 81
    • 0011476304 scopus 로고
    • APA presidential addresses: The relation of integrative complexity to historical, professional, and personal factors
    • Suedfeld, P. 1985. APA presidential addresses: The relation of integrative complexity to historical, professional, and personal factors. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 49:1643-51.
    • (1985) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.49 , pp. 1643-1651
    • Suedfeld, P.1
  • 82
    • 0001121918 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive managers and their critics
    • _. 1992. Cognitive managers and their critics. Political Psychology 13:435-53.
    • (1992) Political Psychology , vol.13 , pp. 435-453
  • 83
    • 0000832940 scopus 로고
    • Changes in integrative complexity among Middle East leaders during the Persian Gulf crisis
    • _. 1993. Changes in integrative complexity among Middle East leaders during the Persian Gulf crisis. Journal of Social Issues 49:183-99.
    • (1993) Journal of Social Issues , vol.49 , pp. 183-199
  • 84
    • 21144460892 scopus 로고
    • Changes in integrative complexity accompanying significant life events: Historical evidence
    • Suedfeld, P., and S. Bluck. 1993. Changes in integrative complexity accompanying significant life events: Historical evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 64:124-30.
    • (1993) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.64 , pp. 124-130
    • Suedfeld, P.1    Bluck, S.2
  • 85
    • 85007557720 scopus 로고
    • The role of integrative complexity in military leadership: Robert E. Lee and his opponents
    • Suedfeld, P., R. S. Corteen, and C. McCormick. 1986. The role of integrative complexity in military leadership: Robert E. Lee and his opponents. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 16:498-507.
    • (1986) Journal of Applied Social Psychology , vol.16 , pp. 498-507
    • Suedfeld, P.1    Corteen, R.S.2    McCormick, C.3
  • 86
    • 0000684248 scopus 로고
    • Revolutionary leaders: Long term success as a function of changes in integrative complexity
    • Suedfeld, P., and A. D. Rank. 1976. Revolutionary leaders: Long term success as a function of changes in integrative complexity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 34:169-78.
    • (1976) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.34 , pp. 169-178
    • Suedfeld, P.1    Rank, A.D.2
  • 87
    • 84965742171 scopus 로고
    • Integrative complexity of communications in international crises
    • Suedfeld, P., and P. E. Tetlock. 1977. Integrative complexity of communications in international crises. Journal of Conflict Resolution 21:168-78.
    • (1977) Journal of Conflict Resolution , vol.21 , pp. 168-178
    • Suedfeld, P.1    Tetlock, P.E.2
  • 91
    • 0023356431 scopus 로고
    • The costs and benefits of optimistic explanations and dispositional optimism
    • Tennen, H., and G. Affleck. 1987. The costs and benefits of optimistic explanations and dispositional optimism. Journal of Personality 55:377-93.
    • (1987) Journal of Personality , vol.55 , pp. 377-393
    • Tennen, H.1    Affleck, G.2
  • 92
    • 0002769617 scopus 로고
    • Attributional style questionnaire
    • edited by D. J. Keyser and R. C. Sweetland. Kansas City: Test Corporation of America
    • Tennen, H., and S. Herzberger. 1985. Attributional style questionnaire. In Test critiques, edited by D. J. Keyser and R. C. Sweetland, vol. 4, 20-30. Kansas City: Test Corporation of America.
    • (1985) Test Critiques , vol.4 , pp. 20-30
    • Tennen, H.1    Herzberger, S.2
  • 93
    • 85047682611 scopus 로고
    • Pre- to post-election shifts in presidential rhetoric: Impression management or cognitive adjustment?
    • Tetlock, P. E. 1981. Pre- to post-election shifts in presidential rhetoric: Impression management or cognitive adjustment? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 41:207-12.
    • (1981) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.41 , pp. 207-212
    • Tetlock, P.E.1
  • 94
    • 0010960687 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive style and political ideology
    • _. 1983. Cognitive style and political ideology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 45:118-26.
    • (1983) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.45 , pp. 118-126
  • 95
    • 0001495150 scopus 로고
    • Integrative complexity of American and Soviet foreign policy rhetoric: A time-series analysis
    • _. 1985. Integrative complexity of American and Soviet foreign policy rhetoric: A time-series analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 49:1565-85.
    • (1985) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.49 , pp. 1565-1585
  • 96
    • 84928850660 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive and rhetorical styles of traditionalist and reformist Soviet politicians: A content analysis study
    • Tetlock, P. E., and R. Boettger. 1989. Cognitive and rhetorical styles of traditionalist and reformist Soviet politicians: A content analysis study. Political Psychology 10:209-32.
    • (1989) Political Psychology , vol.10 , pp. 209-232
    • Tetlock, P.E.1    Boettger, R.2
  • 97
    • 0002128734 scopus 로고
    • Attribution bias: On the inconclusiveness of the cognition-motivation debate
    • Tetlock, P. E., and A. Levi. 1982. Attribution bias: On the inconclusiveness of the cognition-motivation debate. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 18:66-88.
    • (1982) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.18 , pp. 66-88
    • Tetlock, P.E.1    Levi, A.2
  • 98
    • 0002428164 scopus 로고
    • Impression management versus intrapsychic explanations in social psychology: A useful dichotomy?
    • Tetlock, P. E., and A. S. Manstead. 1985. Impression management versus intrapsychic explanations in social psychology: A useful dichotomy? Psychological Review 92:59-77.
    • (1985) Psychological Review , vol.92 , pp. 59-77
    • Tetlock, P.E.1    Manstead, A.S.2
  • 99
    • 0004178625 scopus 로고
    • Garden City, NY: Doubleday
    • Toland, J. 1976. Adolf Hitler. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
    • (1976) Adolf Hitler
    • Toland, J.1
  • 100
    • 0001383436 scopus 로고
    • Additivity, utility, and subjective probability
    • Tversky, A. 1967. Additivity, utility, and subjective probability. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 4:175-202.
    • (1967) Journal of Mathematical Psychology , vol.4 , pp. 175-202
    • Tversky, A.1
  • 101
    • 34247529903 scopus 로고
    • Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability
    • Tversky, A., and D. Kahneman. 1973. Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability. Cognitive Psychology 5:207-32.
    • (1973) Cognitive Psychology , vol.5 , pp. 207-232
    • Tversky, A.1    Kahneman, D.2
  • 102
    • 0016264378 scopus 로고
    • Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases
    • _. 1974. Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Science 185:1124-31.
    • (1974) Science , vol.185 , pp. 1124-1131
  • 103
    • 0000149496 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of operational code analysis
    • Walker, S. G. 1990. The evolution of operational code analysis. Political Psychology 11:403-18.
    • (1990) Political Psychology , vol.11 , pp. 403-418
    • Walker, S.G.1
  • 106
    • 0022134688 scopus 로고
    • An attributional theory of achievement motivation and emotion
    • Weiner, B. 1985. An attributional theory of achievement motivation and emotion. Psychological Review 92:548-73.
    • (1985) Psychological Review , vol.92 , pp. 548-573
    • Weiner, B.1
  • 107
    • 84985201160 scopus 로고
    • Using motive scores in the psychobiographical study of an individual: The case of Richard Nixon
    • Winter, D. G., and L. A. Carlson. 1988. Using motive scores in the psychobiographical study of an individual: The case of Richard Nixon. Journal of Personality 56:75-103.
    • (1988) Journal of Personality , vol.56 , pp. 75-103
    • Winter, D.G.1    Carlson, L.A.2
  • 108
    • 84928439640 scopus 로고
    • The personalities of Bush and Gorbachev measured at a distance: Procedures, portraits, and policy
    • Winter, D. G., M. G. Hermann, W. Weintraub, and S. Walker. 1991. The personalities of Bush and Gorbachev measured at a distance: Procedures, portraits, and policy. Political Psychology 12:215-45.
    • (1991) Political Psychology , vol.12 , pp. 215-245
    • Winter, D.G.1    Hermann, M.G.2    Weintraub, W.3    Walker, S.4
  • 112
    • 0002879141 scopus 로고
    • Pessimistic rumination predicts defeat of presidential candidates, 1900 to 1984
    • Zullow, H. M., and M.E.P. Seligman. 1990. Pessimistic rumination predicts defeat of presidential candidates, 1900 to 1984. Psychological Inquiry 1:52-61.
    • (1990) Psychological Inquiry , vol.1 , pp. 52-61
    • Zullow, H.M.1    Seligman, M.E.P.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.