The challenge of change: Canadian universities in the 21st century

Canadian Public Administration

Volumn 45, Issue 2, 2002, Pages 145-174

  Cameron, David M ^a  

^a DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0040079914     PISSN: 00084840     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1754-7121.2002.tb01078.x     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Education at a Glance: Analysis (Paris: Centre for Educational Research and Innovation, 1996), p. 16.
2. Statistics quoted in this and the next two paragraphs are taken from Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada, Trends: The Canadian University in Profile (Ottawa: AUCC, 2002), and Canadian Association of University Teachers, CAUT Almanac of Post-secondary Education in Canada (Ottawa: CAUT, 2002).
3. Statistics quoted in this and the next two paragraphs are taken from Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada, Trends: The Canadian University in Profile (Ottawa: AUCC, 2002), and Canadian Association of University Teachers, CAUT Almanac of Post-secondary Education in Canada (Ottawa: CAUT, 2002).
4. E.F. Sheffield, "Canadian University and College Enrolment Projected to 1965," National Conference of Canadian Universities, Proceedings (Ottawa: National Conference of Canadian Universities, 1955), pp. 39-46.
5. David M. Cameron, More Than An Academic Question: Universities, Government and Public Policy in Canada (Halifax: Institute for Research on Public Policy, 1991), pp. 46-8.
6. See, for example, the argument advanced in the Gordon Report. Canada, Royal Commission on Canada's Economic Prospects, Preliminary Report (Ottawa: Queen's Printer, 1956). See also the Economic Council's second annual report. Economic Council of Canada, Second Annual Review: Towards Sustained and Balanced Economic Growth (Ottawa: Queen's Printer, 1965).
7. See, for example, the argument advanced in the Gordon Report. Canada, Royal Commission on Canada's Economic Prospects, Preliminary Report (Ottawa: Queen's Printer, 1956). See also the Economic Council's second annual report. Economic Council of Canada, Second Annual Review: Towards Sustained and Balanced Economic Growth (Ottawa: Queen's Printer, 1965).
8. Sir James Duff and Robert O. Berdahl, University Government in Canada. Report sponsored by the National Conference of Canadian Universities and the Canadian Association of University Teachers (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1966).
9. However, one scholar who warned that other factors would likely counteract this demographic trend was David Foote. His argument turned out to be prophetic. See David K. Foote, "A Troubled Future? University Enrolments in Canada and the Provinces," in David M. Nowlan and Richard Bellaire, eds., Financing Canadian Universities: For Whom and By Whom? (Toronto: OISE Press, 1981).
10. In 1971, for example, the Science Council of Canada published a study that concluded that a significant number of graduates would not find employment in fields related to their studies. See Frank Kelly, Prospects for Scientists and Engineers in Canada (Ottawa: Information Canada, 1971).
11. Ontario, Royal Commission on the University of Toronto, Report (Toronto: King's Printer, 1906).
12. Information provided by CAUT.
13. Information provided by CAUT.
14. Robert Michels, Political Parties (Glencoe, Ill., The Free Press, 1915).
15. B.L. Adell and D.D. Carter, Collective Bargaining for University Faculty in Canada (Kingston: Industrial Relations Centre, Queen's University, 1972), p. 101.
16. D.V. Smiley, The Federal Condition in Canada (Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 1987).
17. Canadian Association of University Teachers, Post-secondary Education Act (Ottawa: CAUT, 1985).
18. Ian Winchester, "Government Power and University Principles: An Analysis of the Battle for Academic Freedom in Alberta," in Ian Winchester, ed. (with the assistance of William Gleberzon), The Independence of the University and the Funding of the State: Essays on Academic Freedom in Canada (Toronto: OISE Press, 1984), pp. 41-59.
19. Judith Maxwell and Stephanie Currie, Partnership for Growth: Corporate-University Cooperation in Canada (Montreal: Corporate-Higher Education Forum, 1984), p. 101.
20. See Canada, Parliament, Senate, Standing Committee on National Finances, Twenty-Sixth Report (Ottawa: Supply and Services Canada, 1988).
21. Canada, Department of Human Resources Development, Improving Social Security in Canada: A Discussion Paper (Ottawa: Supply and Services Canada, 1994).
22. J. Robert S. Pritchard, "Federal Support for Higher Education and Research in Canada: The New Paradigm." 2000 Killam Annual Lecture.
23. [n.a.], "Putting Knowledge to Work: Sustaining Canada as an Innovative Society - An Action Agenda, Ottawa, October 18, 1996." A brief by the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada, the Canadian Association of University Teachers, and the National Consortium of Scientific and Educational Societies AUCC [web site]([Ottawa]: [AUCC], [2002]), at http://www.aucc.ca/en/aboutindex.html.
24. See the Canada Foundation for Innovation web site at http://www.innovation.ca.
25. Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency, News Release: Atlantic Investment Partnership, 29 June 2000 (Ottawa: ACOA, 2000).
26. See the Millennium Scholarships web site at http://www.millenniumscholarships.ca.
27. Cited in Pritchard, "Federal Support for Higher Education," Killam Lecture, p. 22.
28. Canada Research Chairs, Program Guide (Ottawa: Canada Research Chairs, 2001).
29. See, for example, Canadian Association of University Teachers, "The Canada Research Chairs: Not in the Public Interest," CAUT Commentary, 2, no. 1 (June/July 2000), available at http://www.caut.ca/english/publications/commentary/200006_chairs.asp. Other issues in this series elaborate on this argument.
30. Robert J. Giroux, "Faculty Renewal: The Numbers, the Direction." Speech presented at the AUCC general meeting, 6 October 1999, p. 7.
31. See Canadian Association of University Teachers, "Have We Lost Our Minds?" CAUT Commentary, 1, no. 2 (July/August 1999), available at http://www.caut.ca/english/publications/commentary/199907-braindrain.asp.
32. Ross Finnie, "The Brain Drain: Myth and Reality - What It Is and What Should Be Done." Queen's University, School of Policy Studies, Working Paper 13, January 2001, p. 16. Last emphasis added.
33. Mireille Brochu, "Indirect Costs on Federal Research Contracts to Universities." Discussion paper prepared for the Canadian Association of University Research Administrators and Industry Canada, April 1996, p. 24.
34. [n.a.], "Knowledge Matters: Skills and Learning for Canadians," Government of Canada, Canada's Innovation Strategy [web site] ([Ottawa]: [Human Resources Development Canada], [2002]), at http://www.hrdc-drhc.gc.ca/sp-ps/sl-ca/doc/knowledge, p. 5.
35. [n.a.], "Achieving Excellence: Investing in People, Knowledge and Opportunity," Government of Canada, Canada's Innovation Strategy [web site] ([Ottawa]: [Industry Canada], [2002], at http://www.innovationstrategy.gc.ca/cmb/innovation.nsf/vRTF/PDF/$file/ summary_e.pdf, p. 6.
36. Ibid., p. 7.
37. Burton R. Clark, Creating Entrepreneurial Universities: Organizational Pathways of Transformation (Oxford: Pergamon Press, for the International Association of Universities, 1998), p. 4.
38. Ibid., p. 131.
39. Ibid., p. 137.
40. Sheila Slaughter and Larry L. Leslie, Academic Capitalism: Politics, Policies, and the Entrepreneurial University (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997), p. 55.
41. Henry Etzkowitz, Andrew Webster and Peter Healey, eds., Capitalizing Knowledge: New Intersections of Industry and Academia (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1998).
42. John R. Evans, "Higher Education in the Higher Education Economy: Towards a Public Research Contract." 2001 Killam Annual Lecture, p. 8.
43. Ibid., p. 13.
44. Canadian Association of University Teachers, "How Ottawa is Weakening PSE," CAUTNow! 2, no. 5 (21 June 2000), available at http://www.caut.ca/english/publications/now/20000621-weakpse.asp.
45. David Bercuson, Robert Bothwell and J.L. Granatstein, The Petrified Campus: The Crisis in Canada's Universities (Toronto: Random House of Canada, 1997).
46. David Bercuson, Robert Bothwell and J.L. Granatstein, The Great Brain Robbery: Canada's Universities on the Road to Ruin (Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1984).
47. Tom Pocklington and Allan Tupper, No Place to Learn: Why Universities Aren't Working (Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 2002).
48. Louis-Philippe Bonneau and J.A. Corry, Quest for the Optimum: Research Policy in the Universities of Canada, vol. 2 (Ottawa: Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada, 1973).
49. Commission of Inquiry on Canadian University Education, Report (Ottawa: Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada, 1991), p. 31. Report prepared by Stuart L. Smith.
50. Frank H. Rhodes, The Creation of the Future: The Role of the American University (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2001), pp. 22-3.
51. Ibid., p. 54.
52. Ibid., p. 55.
53. Ibid., p. 215.
54. Donald Kennedy, Academic Duty (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1997), p. 54.
55. Ibid., p. 22.
56. Ibid., p. 265.
57. Ibid., p. 287.