Local government and global politics: The implications of Massachusetts' "Burma law"

Political Science Quarterly

Volumn 115, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 353-376

  Guay, Terrence ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0039772144     PISSN: 00323195     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/2658123     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. Frank Phillips, "Mass. Poised to Act on Burma," Boston Globe, 11 June 1996.
2. Brian Hocking, Localizing Foreign Policy: Non-Central Governments and Multilayered Diplomacy (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1993).
3. It is not a total ban, because there are exceptions if: the procurement is essential and compliance with the law would eliminate the only bid or offer, or result in inadequate competition; or other bids are more than 10 percent higher than those submitted by a restricted company. Nonetheless, because of the competitive nature of the public procurement tendering process, the bill's sponsor, Representative Byron Rushing, felt that it was unlikely that either of these exceptions would be invoked.
4. "Sanctioning Burma, Sanctioning the USA," Multinational Monitor, April 1997, 26.
5. Kenneth Waltz, Man, the State and War (New York: Columbia University Press, 1959); J. David Singer, "The Level-of-Analysis Problem in International Relations" in James N. Rosenau, ed., International Politics and Foreign Policy (New York: Free Press, 1969).
6. Kenneth Waltz, Man, the State and War (New York: Columbia University Press, 1959); J. David Singer, "The Level-of-Analysis Problem in International Relations" in James N. Rosenau, ed., International Politics and Foreign Policy (New York: Free Press, 1969).
7. Earl H. Fry, The Expanding Role of State and Local Governments in U.S. Foreign Affairs (New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1998): Heidi Hobbs, City Hall Goes Abroad: The Foreign Policy of Local Politics (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1994): John M. Kline, State Government Influence in U.S. International Economic Policy (Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath, 1983); Hocking, Localizing Foreign Policy.
8. Earl H. Fry, The Expanding Role of State and Local Governments in U.S. Foreign Affairs (New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1998): Heidi Hobbs, City Hall Goes Abroad: The Foreign Policy of Local Politics (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1994): John M. Kline, State Government Influence in U.S. International Economic Policy (Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath, 1983); Hocking, Localizing Foreign Policy.
9. Earl H. Fry, The Expanding Role of State and Local Governments in U.S. Foreign Affairs (New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1998): Heidi Hobbs, City Hall Goes Abroad: The Foreign Policy of Local Politics (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1994): John M. Kline, State Government Influence in U.S. International Economic Policy (Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath, 1983); Hocking, Localizing Foreign Policy.
10. Earl H. Fry, The Expanding Role of State and Local Governments in U.S. Foreign Affairs (New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1998): Heidi Hobbs, City Hall Goes Abroad: The Foreign Policy of Local Politics (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1994): John M. Kline, State Government Influence in U.S. International Economic Policy (Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath, 1983); Hocking, Localizing Foreign Policy.
11. Theo Emery, "State with Foreign Policy Roils Trade Beyond Seas," Boston Sunday Globe, 21 September 1997.
12. Stanley Hoffmann, Duties Beyond Borders: On the Limits and Possibilities of Ethical International Politics (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1981).
13. Nancy Dunne, "Massachusetts' Burma Law Row Flares," Financial Times, 14 June 1997.
14. Nancy Dunne, "Congressmen Call for Indonesia Sanctions," Financial Times, 11 February 1997.
15. "Sanctioning Burma, Sanctioning the USA," Multinational Monitor.
16. Guy De Jonquières, "Push to Head Off Clash on Burma Trade Curbs," Financial Times, 24 April 1997.
17. Fred Hiatt, "Boston's Stand on Human Rights," Washing Post, 25 August 1997.
18. Frank Phillips, "State's Trade Sanctions Win Notice," Boston Globe, 15 June 1997.
19. "EU to Hit Burma Trade," Financial Times, 22 March 1997, 2.
20. Dunne, "Massachusetts' Burma Law Row Flares."
21. Cited in Maryann K. Cusimano, Mark Hensman, and Leslie Rodrigues, "Private-Sector Transsovereign Actors - MNCs and NGOs" in Maryann K. Cusimano, ed., Beyond Sovereignty: Issues for a Global Agenda (Boston: Bedford Press, 2000), 257.
22. Ibid., 255-282; Brannon P. Denning and Jack H. McCall, "States' Rights and Foreign Policy," Foreign Affairs 79 (January 2000): 9-14; Margaret E. Keck and Kathryn Sikkink, Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998); Jessica T. Mathews, "Power Shift," Foreign Affairs 76 (January 1997): 50-66; Jackie Smith, Charles Chatfield, and Ron Pagnucco, eds., Transnational Social Movements and Global Politics: Solidarity Beyond the State (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1997).
23. Ibid., 255-282; Brannon P. Denning and Jack H. McCall, "States' Rights and Foreign Policy," Foreign Affairs 79 (January 2000): 9-14; Margaret E. Keck and Kathryn Sikkink, Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998); Jessica T. Mathews, "Power Shift," Foreign Affairs 76 (January 1997): 50-66; Jackie Smith, Charles Chatfield, and Ron Pagnucco, eds., Transnational Social Movements and Global Politics: Solidarity Beyond the State (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1997).
24. Ibid., 255-282; Brannon P. Denning and Jack H. McCall, "States' Rights and Foreign Policy," Foreign Affairs 79 (January 2000): 9-14; Margaret E. Keck and Kathryn Sikkink, Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998); Jessica T. Mathews, "Power Shift," Foreign Affairs 76 (January 1997): 50-66; Jackie Smith, Charles Chatfield, and Ron Pagnucco, eds., Transnational Social Movements and Global Politics: Solidarity Beyond the State (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1997).
25. Ibid., 255-282; Brannon P. Denning and Jack H. McCall, "States' Rights and Foreign Policy," Foreign Affairs 79 (January 2000): 9-14; Margaret E. Keck and Kathryn Sikkink, Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998); Jessica T. Mathews, "Power Shift," Foreign Affairs 76 (January 1997): 50-66; Jackie Smith, Charles Chatfield, and Ron Pagnucco, eds., Transnational Social Movements and Global Politics: Solidarity Beyond the State (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1997).
26. Ibid., 255-282; Brannon P. Denning and Jack H. McCall, "States' Rights and Foreign Policy," Foreign Affairs 79 (January 2000): 9-14; Margaret E. Keck and Kathryn Sikkink, Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998); Jessica T. Mathews, "Power Shift," Foreign Affairs 76 (January 1997): 50-66; Jackie Smith, Charles Chatfield, and Ron Pagnucco, eds., Transnational Social Movements and Global Politics: Solidarity Beyond the State (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1997).
27. Keck and Sikkink, Activists Beyond Borders, 6.
28. Louis Kriesberg, "Social Movements and Global Transformation" in Smith, Chatfield, and Pagnucco, Transnational Social Movements and Global Politics, 12.
29. http://www.freeburmacoalition.org/. [Accessed 2 February 2000]
30. Author's interviews with Representative Byron Rushing, 17 October 1997 and 26 January 2000.
31. Ibid., 17 October 1997.
32. Denning and McCall, "States' Rights and Foreign Policy," 11.
33. Michael H. Shuman, "Dateline Main Street: Local Foreign Policies," Foreign Policy 65 (Winter 1986-1987): 154-74.
34. John Maggs, "Businesses Battle State Sanctions," Journal of Commerce, 28 August 1997, 1A; David Schmahmann and James Finch, "The Unconstitutionality of State and Local Enactments in the United States Restricting Business Ties with Burma (Myanmar)," Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 30 (March 1997): 175-207.
35. John Maggs, "Businesses Battle State Sanctions," Journal of Commerce, 28 August 1997, 1A; David Schmahmann and James Finch, "The Unconstitutionality of State and Local Enactments in the United States Restricting Business Ties with Burma (Myanmar)," Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 30 (March 1997): 175-207.
36. Gordon Fairclough, "Massachusetts Trade Law is Challenged," Wall Street Journal, 25 July 1997.
37. Lynette Holloway, "Vallone Seeks Sanctions on Nations Persecuting Christians," New York Times, 15 June 1997.
38. De Jonquières, "Push to Head Off Clash on Burma Trade Curbs."
39. Emery, "State with Foreign Policy Roils Trade Beyond Seas."
40. Theo Emery, "Trade Group to Challenge Mass. Law in Burma," Boston Globe, 24 February 1998.
41. Interview with Rushing, 17 October 1997, Boston (Italics represent emphasis in his words.)
42. Phillips, "State's Trade Sanctions Win Notice."
43. Theo Emery, "Quincy Takes a World View," Boston Globe, 18 October 1997.
44. Earl H. Fry, "The United States of America" in Hans J. Michelmann and Panayotis Soldatos, eds., Federalism and International Relations: The Role of Subnational Units (Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press, 1990): 276-298.
45. Shuman, "Dateline Main Street."
46. Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. McWorld (New York: Ballantine Books, 1996); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1997); Hans-Peter Martin and Harald Schumann, The Global Trap: Globalization and the Assault on Democracy and Prosperity (New York: Zed Books, 1997).
47. Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. McWorld (New York: Ballantine Books, 1996); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1997); Hans-Peter Martin and Harald Schumann, The Global Trap: Globalization and the Assault on Democracy and Prosperity (New York: Zed Books, 1997).
48. Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. McWorld (New York: Ballantine Books, 1996); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1997); Hans-Peter Martin and Harald Schumann, The Global Trap: Globalization and the Assault on Democracy and Prosperity (New York: Zed Books, 1997).
49. Paul N. Doremus, William W. Keller, Louis W. Pauly, and Simon Reich, The Myth of the Global Corporation (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998); Linda Weiss, The Myth of the Powerless State (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998).
50. Paul N. Doremus, William W. Keller, Louis W. Pauly, and Simon Reich, The Myth of the Global Corporation (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998); Linda Weiss, The Myth of the Powerless State (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998).
51. Ted Bardacke, "United States Companies Rush to Beat Sanctions Against Burma," Financial Times, 25 April 1997.
52. Emery, "State with Foreign Policy Roils Trade Beyond Seas."
53. Nigel Holloway, "Boycott Brigade," Far Eastern Economic Review, 14 August 1997, 45.
54. Ibid.
55. Richard Haass, "Sanctioning Madness," Foreign Affairs 76 (November/December 1997): 74-85;
56. De Jonquières, "Push to Head Off Clash on Burma Trade Curbs."
57. "Business Group Sues Over Mass. 'Burma Law,'" Boston Globe, 1 May 1998.
58. National Foreign Trade Council v. Baker, 26 F. Supp. 2d, 287 (D. Mass., 1998).
59. Crosby v. National Foreign Trade Council, 530 U.S._, (2000); 2000 U.S. LEXIS 4153.
60. "The Supreme Court: Burma Shave," Economist, 24 June 2000, 33-34.
61. Douglas M. Brown and Earl H. Fry, eds., States and Provinces International Economy (Berkeley: Institute of Governmental Studies Press, University of California, Berkeley, 1993); Fry, The Expanding Role of State and Local Governments in U.S. Foreign Affairs; Hocking, Localizing, Foreign Policy; Kline, State Government Influence in U.S. International Economic Policy.
62. Douglas M. Brown and Earl H. Fry, eds., States and Provinces International Economy (Berkeley: Institute of Governmental Studies Press, University of California, Berkeley, 1993); Fry, The Expanding Role of State and Local Governments in U.S. Foreign Affairs; Hocking, Localizing, Foreign Policy; Kline, State Government Influence in U.S. International Economic Policy.
63. Douglas M. Brown and Earl H. Fry, eds., States and Provinces International Economy (Berkeley: Institute of Governmental Studies Press, University of California, Berkeley, 1993); Fry, The Expanding Role of State and Local Governments in U.S. Foreign Affairs; Hocking, Localizing, Foreign Policy; Kline, State Government Influence in U.S. International Economic Policy.
64. Douglas M. Brown and Earl H. Fry, eds., States and Provinces International Economy (Berkeley: Institute of Governmental Studies Press, University of California, Berkeley, 1993); Fry, The Expanding Role of State and Local Governments in U.S. Foreign Affairs; Hocking, Localizing, Foreign Policy; Kline, State Government Influence in U.S. International Economic Policy.
65. John Agnew, "The Territorial Trap," Review of International Political Economy 1 (Spring 1994): 53-80.
66. Earl H. Fry, "Trans-Sovereign Relations of the American States" in Ivo D. Duchacek, Daniel Latouche, and Garth Stevenson, eds., Perforated Sovereignties and International Relations (New York: Greenwood Press, 1988), 53-67.
67. Maggs, "Businesses Battle State Sanctions."
68. Fry, "The United States of America."
69. Shuman, "Dateline Main Street."
70. Susan Strange, "States, Firms and Diplomacy," International Affairs 68 (January 1992): 1-15.
71. John Kline, "United States' Federalism and Foreign Policy" in Brown and Fry, eds., States and Provinces in the International Economy, 201-31.
72. Hocking, Localizing Foreign Policy.
73. Emery, "State with Foreign Policy Roils Trade Beyond Seas."
74. Michael Shuman, Institute for Policy Studies, quoted in Fred Hiatt, "Boston's Stand on Human Rights," Washington Post, 25 August 1997.
75. Hocking, Localizing Foreign Policy.
76. Michael Grunwald, "Mass. Law Targeting Burmese Junta Could Spark Trade War with Japan," Boston Globe, 31 January 1997.
77. Michael Grunwald, "Trade Tiff Widens over State 'Burma Law,'" Boston Globe, 1 February 1997.
78. "The Mass that Roared," Economist, 8 February 1997, 32.
79. Frank Phillips, "State Was in Lead on Burma," Boston Globe, 23 April 1997.
80. I would like to thank Tom Barnico, assistant attorney general for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, for this insight.
81. Robert S. Greenberger, "States, Cities Increase Use of Trade Sanctions, Troubling Business Groups and U.S. Partners," Wall Street Journal, 1 April 1998.