Normal-mode energetics analysis and the intercomparison for the recent ECMWF, NMC, and JMA global analyses

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

Volumn 74, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 525-538

  Tanaka, H L ^a   Kimura, Kazuo ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TSUKUBA   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0039560593     PISSN: 00261165     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2151/jmsj1965.74.4_525     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Ahlquist, J.E., 1982: Normal-mode global Rossby waves: Theory and observations. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 193-202.
2. Bare, F., 1981: Three-dimensional scaling and structure of atmospheric energetics. J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 52-68.
3. Daley, R., 1991:Atmospheric Data Analysis. Cambridge University Press, 457pp.
4. ECMWF, 1993: The description of the ECMWF/WCRP level III-A global atmospheric data archive. ECMWF Internal Document. 34pp.
5. Fritts, D.C., 1984: Gravity wave saturation in the middle atmosphere: A review of theory and observation. Rev. Geophys. Sapce Phys. 22, 275-308.
6. JMA, 1988: Numerical Weather Prediction in 1988: Staff Training Text. Internal Document, NWP Division, 21, 1-29.
7. JMA, 1990: Numerical Weather Prediction in 1990: Staff Training Text. Internal Document, NWP Division, 23, 1-25.
8. Kasahara, A., 1980: Effect of zonal flows on the free oscillations of a barotropic atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 917-929.
9. Kasahara, A. and K. Puri, 1981: Spectral representation of three-dimensional global data by expansion in normal-mode functions. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 37-51.
10. Kuo, H.L., 1965: On formation and intensification of tropical cyclone through latent heat release by cumulus convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 22, 40-63.
11. Kung, E.C., 1988: Spectral energetics of the general circulation and time spectra of transient waves during the FGGE year. J. Clim., 1, 5-19.
12. Le Dimet, F.X. and O. Talagrand, 1986: Variational algorithms for analysis and assimilation of meteorological observations: theoretical aspects. Tellus, 38A, 97-110.
13. Lewis, J.M. and J.C. Derber, 1985:The use of adjoint equations to solve a variational adjustment problem with advective constraints. Tellus, 37A, 309-322.
14. Lorenc, A.C., 1981: A global three-dimensional multivariate statistical interpolation scheme. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 701-721.
15. Lorenc, A.C., 1986: Analysis method for numerical weather prediction. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 112, 1177-1194.
16. Lynch, P. and H. Huang, 1992: Initialisation of the HIRLAN model using a digital filter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 1019-1034.
17. Mukougawa, H., M. Kimoto and N. Yoden, 1991: Variation of the prediction error and the quasi-equilibrium state. Gross Wetter, 29, 2, 1 19. (In Japanese).
18. NOAA/NMC 1986: Office Note 84: Packing and Identification of NMC Grid Point Data. NMC Internal Document. 33pp.
19. O'Brien, J., 1970: Alternative solution to the classical vertical velocity problem. J. Appl. Meteor., 9, 197-203.
20. Pailleux, J., 1995: Large scale data assimilation systems: Atmospheric applications in numerical weather prediction. Proc. Second International Symposium on Assimilation of Observations in Meteorology and Oceanography. Tokyo, Japan, Vol. 1, 253-257.
21. Rhines, P.B., 1975: Waves and turbulence on a beta-plane. J. Fluid Mech., 69, 417-443.
22. Rutherford, I., 1972: Data assimilation by statistical interpolation of forecast error fields. J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 809-815.
23. Saltzman, B., 1957: Equations governing the energetics of the large scales of atmospheric turbulence in the domain of wavenumber. J. Meteor., 14, 513-523.
24. Saltzman, B., 1970: Large-scale atmospheric energetics in the wavenumber domain. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 8, 289-302.
25. Takahashi, M. and J.R. Holton, 1991: The mean zonal flow response to Rossby wave and gravity wave forcing in the equatorial lower stratosphere: Relationship to the QBO. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 2078-2087.
26. Takayabu, Y.N., 1994: Large-scale cloud distributions associated with equatorial waves. Part II: Westward propagating inertio-gravity waves. J. Meteor, Soc. Japan, 72, 451-465.
27. Tan, Y.-C. and J. Curry, 1993: A diagnostic study of the evolution of an intense North American anticyclone during winter 1989. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 961-975.
28. Tanaka, H.L., 1985: Global energetics analysis by expansion into three-dimensional normal-mode functions during the FGGE winter. J. Meteor. Soc., Japan, 63, 180-200.
29. Tanaka, H.L., 1992: Is it tropospheric sudden warming? A Memorial Paper Collection for Prof. Nishizawa. Institute of Geoscience, University of Tsukuba, 60-69.
30. Tanaka, H.L., E.C. Kung and W.E. Baker, 1986: Energetics analysis of the observed and simulated general circulation using three-dimensional normal-mode expansion. Tellus, 38A, 412-428.
31. Tanaka, H.L. and E.C. Kung, 1988: normal-mode energetics of the general circulation during the FGGE year. J. Atmos. Sci. 45, 3723-3736.
32. Tanaka, H.L. and E.G. Kung, 1989: A study of low-frequency unstable planetary waves in realistic zonal and zonally varying basic states. Tellus, 41A, 179-199.
33. Tanaka, H.L. and M.F. Milkovch, 1990: A heat budget analysis of the polar troposphere in and around Alaska during the abnormal winter of 1988/89. Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 1628-1639.
34. Tanaka, H.L. and Q. Ji, 1995: Comparative energetics of FGGE re-analyses using the normal-mode expansion. J. Meteor. Soc., Japan, 72, 1-12.
35. Thepaut, J.N. and P. Courtier, 1991: Four dimensional variational data assimilation using the adjoint of a multilevel primitive equation model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 117, 1225-1254.
36. Tiedtke, M., 1989: A comprehensive mass flux scheme for cumulus parameterization in large-scale model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 1779-1800.
37. Wait, R. and A.R. Mitchell, 1985: Finite element analysis and applications. John Wiley and Sons, 260 pp.