The comparative advantage of X-teams

MIT Sloan Management Review

Volumn 43, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 33-39

  Ancona, Deborah ^a   Bresman, Henrik ^a   Kaeufer, Katrin ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0039490156     PISSN: 15329194     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. D.L. Gladstein, "Groups in Context: A Model of Task Group Effectiveness," Administrative Science Quarterly 29 (December 1984): 499-517; D.G. Ancona and D.F. Caldwell, "Bridging the Boundary: External Activity and Performance in Organizational Teams," Administrative Science Quarterly 37 (December 1992): 634-665; D.G. Ancona and D. F. Caldwell, "Demography and Design: Predictors of New Product Team Performance," Organization Science 33 (August 1992): 321-341; D.G. Ancona, "Outward Bound: Strategies for Team Survival in an Organization," Academy of Management Journal 33 (June 1990): 334-365; D.G. Ancona and D.F. Caldwell, "Compose Teams to Assure Successful Boundary Activity," in "The Blackwell Handbook of Principles of Organizational Behavior," ed. E.A. Locke (Oxford: Blackwell, 2000), 199-210; D.G. Ancona and K. Kaeufer, "The Outer-Net Team," working paper, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2001; and H.M. Bresman, "External Sourcing of Core Technologies and the Architectural Dependency of Teams," working paper 4215-01, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts, November 2001.
2. D.L. Gladstein, "Groups in Context: A Model of Task Group Effectiveness," Administrative Science Quarterly 29 (December 1984): 499-517; D.G. Ancona and D.F. Caldwell, "Bridging the Boundary: External Activity and Performance in Organizational Teams," Administrative Science Quarterly 37 (December 1992): 634-665; D.G. Ancona and D. F. Caldwell, "Demography and Design: Predictors of New Product Team Performance," Organization Science 33 (August 1992): 321-341; D.G. Ancona, "Outward Bound: Strategies for Team Survival in an Organization," Academy of Management Journal 33 (June 1990): 334-365; D.G. Ancona and D.F. Caldwell, "Compose Teams to Assure Successful Boundary Activity," in "The Blackwell Handbook of Principles of Organizational Behavior," ed. E.A. Locke (Oxford: Blackwell, 2000), 199-210; D.G. Ancona and K. Kaeufer, "The Outer-Net Team," working paper, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2001; and H.M. Bresman, "External Sourcing of Core Technologies and the Architectural Dependency of Teams," working paper 4215-01, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts, November 2001.
3. D.L. Gladstein, "Groups in Context: A Model of Task Group Effectiveness," Administrative Science Quarterly 29 (December 1984): 499-517; D.G. Ancona and D.F. Caldwell, "Bridging the Boundary: External Activity and Performance in Organizational Teams," Administrative Science Quarterly 37 (December 1992): 634-665; D.G. Ancona and D. F. Caldwell, "Demography and Design: Predictors of New Product Team Performance," Organization Science 33 (August 1992): 321-341; D.G. Ancona, "Outward Bound: Strategies for Team Survival in an Organization," Academy of Management Journal 33 (June 1990): 334-365; D.G. Ancona and D.F. Caldwell, "Compose Teams to Assure Successful Boundary Activity," in "The Blackwell Handbook of Principles of Organizational Behavior," ed. E.A. Locke (Oxford: Blackwell, 2000), 199-210; D.G. Ancona and K. Kaeufer, "The Outer-Net Team," working paper, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2001; and H.M. Bresman, "External Sourcing of Core Technologies and the Architectural Dependency of Teams," working paper 4215-01, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts, November 2001.
4. D.L. Gladstein, "Groups in Context: A Model of Task Group Effectiveness," Administrative Science Quarterly 29 (December 1984): 499-517; D.G. Ancona and D.F. Caldwell, "Bridging the Boundary: External Activity and Performance in Organizational Teams," Administrative Science Quarterly 37 (December 1992): 634-665; D.G. Ancona and D. F. Caldwell, "Demography and Design: Predictors of New Product Team Performance," Organization Science 33 (August 1992): 321-341; D.G. Ancona, "Outward Bound: Strategies for Team Survival in an Organization," Academy of Management Journal 33 (June 1990): 334-365; D.G. Ancona and D.F. Caldwell, "Compose Teams to Assure Successful Boundary Activity," in "The Blackwell Handbook of Principles of Organizational Behavior," ed. E.A. Locke (Oxford: Blackwell, 2000), 199-210; D.G. Ancona and K. Kaeufer, "The Outer-Net Team," working paper, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2001; and H.M. Bresman, "External Sourcing of Core Technologies and the Architectural Dependency of Teams," working paper 4215-01, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts, November 2001.
5. D.L. Gladstein, "Groups in Context: A Model of Task Group Effectiveness," Administrative Science Quarterly 29 (December 1984): 499-517; D.G. Ancona and D.F. Caldwell, "Bridging the Boundary: External Activity and Performance in Organizational Teams," Administrative Science Quarterly 37 (December 1992): 634-665; D.G. Ancona and D. F. Caldwell, "Demography and Design: Predictors of New Product Team Performance," Organization Science 33 (August 1992): 321-341; D.G. Ancona, "Outward Bound: Strategies for Team Survival in an Organization," Academy of Management Journal 33 (June 1990): 334-365; D.G. Ancona and D.F. Caldwell, "Compose Teams to Assure Successful Boundary Activity," in "The Blackwell Handbook of Principles of Organizational Behavior," ed. E.A. Locke (Oxford: Blackwell, 2000), 199-210; D.G. Ancona and K. Kaeufer, "The Outer-Net Team," working paper, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2001; and H.M. Bresman, "External Sourcing of Core Technologies and the Architectural Dependency of Teams," working paper 4215-01, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts, November 2001.
6. D.L. Gladstein, "Groups in Context: A Model of Task Group Effectiveness," Administrative Science Quarterly 29 (December 1984): 499-517; D.G. Ancona and D.F. Caldwell, "Bridging the Boundary: External Activity and Performance in Organizational Teams," Administrative Science Quarterly 37 (December 1992): 634-665; D.G. Ancona and D. F. Caldwell, "Demography and Design: Predictors of New Product Team Performance," Organization Science 33 (August 1992): 321-341; D.G. Ancona, "Outward Bound: Strategies for Team Survival in an Organization," Academy of Management Journal 33 (June 1990): 334-365; D.G. Ancona and D.F. Caldwell, "Compose Teams to Assure Successful Boundary Activity," in "The Blackwell Handbook of Principles of Organizational Behavior," ed. E.A. Locke (Oxford: Blackwell, 2000), 199-210; D.G. Ancona and K. Kaeufer, "The Outer-Net Team," working paper, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2001; and H.M. Bresman, "External Sourcing of Core Technologies and the Architectural Dependency of Teams," working paper 4215-01, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts, November 2001.
7. D.L. Gladstein, "Groups in Context: A Model of Task Group Effectiveness," Administrative Science Quarterly 29 (December 1984): 499-517; D.G. Ancona and D.F. Caldwell, "Bridging the Boundary: External Activity and Performance in Organizational Teams," Administrative Science Quarterly 37 (December 1992): 634-665; D.G. Ancona and D. F. Caldwell, "Demography and Design: Predictors of New Product Team Performance," Organization Science 33 (August 1992): 321-341; D.G. Ancona, "Outward Bound: Strategies for Team Survival in an Organization," Academy of Management Journal 33 (June 1990): 334-365; D.G. Ancona and D.F. Caldwell, "Compose Teams to Assure Successful Boundary Activity," in "The Blackwell Handbook of Principles of Organizational Behavior," ed. E.A. Locke (Oxford: Blackwell, 2000), 199-210; D.G. Ancona and K. Kaeufer, "The Outer-Net Team," working paper, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2001; and H.M. Bresman, "External Sourcing of Core Technologies and the Architectural Dependency of Teams," working paper 4215-01, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts, November 2001.
8. Ancona, "Bridging the Boundary," 634-665.
9. M.S. Granovetter, "The Strength of Weak Ties," American Journal of Sociology 78 (May 1973): 360-380; D. Krackhardt, "The Strength of Strong Ties: The Importance of Philos in Organizations," in "Networks and Organizations: Structure, Form and Action," eds. N. Nohria and R.G. Eccles (Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1992), 216-239; and M.T. Hansen, "The Search-Transfer Problem: The Role of Weak Ties in Sharing Knowledge Across Organization Subunits," Administrative Science Quarterly 44 (March 1999): 82-111.
10. M.S. Granovetter, "The Strength of Weak Ties," American Journal of Sociology 78 (May 1973): 360-380; D. Krackhardt, "The Strength of Strong Ties: The Importance of Philos in Organizations," in "Networks and Organizations: Structure, Form and Action," eds. N. Nohria and R.G. Eccles (Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1992), 216-239; and M.T. Hansen, "The Search-Transfer Problem: The Role of Weak Ties in Sharing Knowledge Across Organization Subunits," Administrative Science Quarterly 44 (March 1999): 82-111.
11. M.S. Granovetter, "The Strength of Weak Ties," American Journal of Sociology 78 (May 1973): 360-380; D. Krackhardt, "The Strength of Strong Ties: The Importance of Philos in Organizations," in "Networks and Organizations: Structure, Form and Action," eds. N. Nohria and R.G. Eccles (Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1992), 216-239; and M.T. Hansen, "The Search-Transfer Problem: The Role of Weak Ties in Sharing Knowledge Across Organization Subunits," Administrative Science Quarterly 44 (March 1999): 82-111.
12. D.G. Ancona and D.F. Caldwell, "Rethinking Team Composition From the Outside In," in "Research on Managing Groups and Teams," ed. D.H. Gruenfeld (Stamford, Connecticut: JAI Press, 1998).
13. R. Sutton and A.B. Hargadon, "Brainstormmg Groups in Context: Effectiveness in a Product Design Firm," Administrative Science Quarterly 41 (December 1996): 685-718.
14. For a recent interpretation of power dynamics in organizations, see G. Yukl, "Use Power Effectively," in "The Blackwell Handbook of Principles of Organization Behavior," ed. E.A. Locke (Oxford: Blackwell, 2000), 241-256.
15. Consistent with this logic, John Austin convincingly demonstrated how team members' knowledge of the location of distributed information has a positive impact on performance. See J.R. Austin, "Knowing What and Whom Other People Know: Linking Transactive Memory with External Connections in Organizational Groups" (Academy of Management Best Paper Proceedings, Toronto, August 2000).
16. For an insightful account of how different tasks require different models of team management, see K.M. Eisenhardt and B. Tabrizi, "Accelerating Adaptive Processes: Product Innovation in the Global Computer Industry," Administrative Science Quarterly 40 (March 1995): 84-110.