Building an international reputation: The case of J. J. Sylvester (1814-1897)

American Mathematical Monthly

Volumn 104, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 210-222

  Parshall, Karen Hunger ^a   Seneta, Eugene ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0039176346     PISSN: 00029890     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/2974786     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. H. F. Baker, ed., The Collected Mathematical Papers of James Joseph Sylvester, 4 vols. Cambridge: University Press, 1904-1912; reprint ed., New York: Chelsea Publishing Company, 1973 (all page references to Sylvester's papers refer to the pagination in this edition).
2. Irenée-Jules Bienaymé to J. J. Sylvester, draft of a letter dated 4 April, 1852, in the private collection of Arnaud Bienaymé.
3. Carl W. Borchardt to J. J. Sylvester, 6 April, 1852, St. John's College, Cambridge, Sylvester Papers, Box 2.
4. Carl W. Borchardt, "Développements sur l'équation à l'aide de laquelle on détermine les inégalités séculaires du mouvement des planètes," Journal de mathématiques pures et appliquées 12 (1847), 50ff, or Carl W. Borchardt, Gesammelte Werke, ed. G. Hettner, Berlin: Georg Reimer, 1888, pp. 15-30.
5. Carl W. Borchardt, "Développements sur l'équation à l'aide de laquelle on détermine les inégalités séculaires du mouvement des planètes," Journal de mathématiques pures et appliquées 12 (1847), 50ff, or Carl W. Borchardt, Gesammelte Werke, ed. G. Hettner, Berlin: Georg Reimer, 1888, pp. 15-30.
6. Umberto Bottazzini, "II diciannovesimo secolo in Italia," in Dirk Struik, Mathematica: Un profilo storico, Bologna: Il Mulino. 1981, pp. 249-312.
7. Arthur Cayley. "A Second Memoir Upon Quantics," Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 146 ( 1856), 101-126, or The Collected Mathematical Papers of Arthur Cayley, ed. Arthur Cayley and A. R. Forsyth, 14 vols., Cambridge: University Press, 1889-1898, 2:250-275.
8. Arthur Cayley. "A Second Memoir Upon Quantics," Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 146 ( 1856), 101-126, or The Collected Mathematical Papers of Arthur Cayley, ed. Arthur Cayley and A. R. Forsyth, 14 vols., Cambridge: University Press, 1889-1898, 2:250-275.
9. Michel Chasles to J. J. Sylvester, 26 August, 1852, St. John's College, Cambridge, Sylvester Papers, Box 3.
10. Michel Chasles, Traité de géométrie supérieure, Paris: Bachelier 1852.
11. Tony Crilly, "The Rise of Cayley's Invariant Theory (1841-1862)," Historia Mathematica 13 (1986), 241-254.
12. _, "The Decline of Cayley's Invariant Theory (1863-1895)," Historia Mathematica 15 (1988) 332-347.
13. Gotthold Eisenstein, "Extrait d'une Lettre adressée à M. Charles Hermite," Journal de mathématiques pures et appliquées 17 (1852), 473-477, or Gotthold Eisenstein, Mathematische Werke, 2 vols., New York: Chelsea Publishing Company, 1975, 2:771-775.
14. Gotthold Eisenstein, "Extrait d'une Lettre adressée à M. Charles Hermite," Journal de mathématiques pures et appliquées 17 (1852), 473-477, or Gotthold Eisenstein, Mathematische Werke, 2 vols., New York: Chelsea Publishing Company, 1975, 2:771-775.
15. 4)⋯," Comptes rendus 82 (1881), 448-450.
16. Paul Gordan, "Beweis dass jede Covariante und Invariante einer binären Form eine ganze Function mit numerische Coefficienten einer endlichen Anzahl solchen Formen ist,"' Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik 69 (1868), 323-354.
17. Ivor Grattan-Guinness, Convolutions in French Mathematics, 1800-1840: From the Calculus and Mechanics to Mathematical Analysis and Mathematical Physics, 3 vols., Basel: Birkhäuser Verlag, 1990.
18. D. A. Grave, "My Life and Scientific Activity," Istoriko-Matematicheskie Issledovaniia 34 (1993), 219-246 [in Russian].
19. Charles Hermite to J. J. Sylvester, 29 April, 1881, The Johns Hopkins University, The Milton S. Eisenhower Library, Special Collections Department, Gilman Papers, Coll #1 Corresp., Box 16.
20. Charles Hermite, "Etudes de M. Sylvester sur la théorie algébrique des formes," Comptes rendus 84 (1877), 974-975.
21. Otto Hesse, "Über die Elimination der Variabeln aus drei algebraischen Gleichungen von zweiten Grade mit zwei Variabeln," Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik 28 (1844), 68-96.
22. David Hilbert, Gesammelte Abhandlungen, 3 vols., Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1932-1935.
23. François Jongmans and Eugene Seneta, "The Bienaymé Family History from Archival Materials and Background to the Turning-Point Test," Bulletin de la Société royale des Sciences de Liège 62 (1993), 121-145.
24. Camille Jordan to J. J. Sylvester, 13 May, 1877, St. John's College, Cambridge, Sylvester Papers, Box 2.
25. Erwin Neuenschwander, "Der Aufschwung der italienischen Mathematik zur Zeit der politischen Einigung Italiens und seine Auswirkungen auf Deutschland," Symposia Mathematica 27 (1986), 213-237.
26. Karen Hunger Parshall, "America's First School of Mathematical Research: James Joseph Sylvester at The Johns Hopkins University 1876-1883," Archive for History of Exact Sciences 38 (1988), 153-196.
27. _, "Chemistry through Invariant Theory? James Joseph Sylvester's Mathematization of the Atomic Theory," in Experiencing Nature: Proceedings of a Conference in Honor of Allen G. Debus, ed. Paul Theerman and Karen Hunger Parshall, Boston/Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, in press, pp. 81-111.
28. _, "Mathematics in National Contexts (1875-1900): An International Overview," in Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians: Zürich, ed. S. D. Chatterji, 2 vols., Basel/ Boston/Berlin: Birkhäuser Verlag, 1995, 2:1581-1591.
29. _, "Toward a History of Nineteenth-Century Invariant Theory," in The History of Modem Mathematics, ed. David E. Rowe and John McCleary, 2 vols., Boston: Academic Press, Inc., 1989, 1:157-206.
30. Karen Hunger Parshall and David E. Rowe, The Emergence of the American Mathematical Research Community, 1876-1900: J. J. Sylvester, Felix Klein, and E. H. Moore, Providence: American Mathematical Society and London: London Mathematical Society, 1994.
31. Adrian Rice, "Mathematics in the Metropolis: A Survey of Victorian London," Historia Mathematica 23 (1996).
32. Brigitte Schrocder-Gudehus, "Nationalism and Internationalism," in Companion to the History of Modern Science, ed. R. C. Olby et al., London and New York: Routledge, 1990, pp. 909-919.
33. J. J. Sylvester to Joseph Bertrand, 12 April, 1864, Académie des Sciences, Pochette de Séance, 18 April, 1864.
34. J. J. Sylvester to Irenée-Jules Bienaymé, 7 February, 1852, in the private collection of Arnaud Bienaymé.
35. J. J. Sylvester to Irenée-Jules Bienaymé, 4 June, 1852, in the private collection of Arnaud Bienaymé.
36. J. J. Sylvester to Irenée-Jules Bienaymé, 27 August, 1852, in the private collection of Arnaud Bienaymé.
37. J. J. Sylvester to Lord Brougham, 9 August, 1854, University College London Archives, Brougham Papers, Sylvester, J. J.:20232.
38. J. J. Sylvester to Lord Brougham, 8 May, 1863, University College London Archives, Brougham Papers, Sylvester, J. J., 20253.
39. J. J. Sylvester to Arthur Cayley, undated, St. John's College, Cambridge, Sylvester Papers, Box 10 (Tony Crilly has estimated the date of this letter as between January and February, 1862).
40. J. J. Sylvester to Arthur Cayley, 12 May, 1881, St. John's College, Cambridge, Sylvester Papers, Box 11.
41. J. J. Sylvester to Pafnuty Chebyshev, 5 July, 1859 in P. L. Chebyshev, Polnoe Sobranie Sochinenii, vol. 5 Prochie Sochinenia Biograficheskie Materialy, Moscow/Leningrad: AN SSSR, 1951, p. 448.
42. J. J. Sylvester to Joseph Henry, 12 April, 1846, Smithsonian Institution Archives, Henry Papers, M099 #8573, or Nathan Reingold and Marc Rothenberg, ed., The Papers of Joseph Henry, 6 vols., Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1972-1992, 6:407-410.
43. J. J. Sylvester to Thomas Archer Hirst, 21 March, 1863, University College London Archives, London Mathematical Society Papers, Sylvester, J. J.
44. J. J. Sylvester to Felix Klein, 24 November, 1889, Klein Nachlass XI, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek, Göttingen, or Gert Sabidussi, "Correspondence between Sylvester, Petersen, Hilbert, and Klein on Invariants and the Factorisation of Graphs 1889-1891," Discrete Mathematics 100 (1992):99-155 on p. 126.
45. J. J. Sylvester to William Spottiswoode, 19 November, 1876, St. John's College, Cambridge, Sylvester Papers, Box 1.