Patterns of seed production and shrub association in two palatable karoo shrub species under contrasting land use intensities

African Journal of Range and Forage Science

Volumn 17, Issue 1-3, 2000, Pages 22-26

  Todd, S W ^a  

^a SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY INSTITUTE   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Associational refuge; Communal rangelands; Herbivory; Overgrazing; Rangeland dynamics

Indexed keywords

EID: 0039176191     PISSN: 10220119     EISSN: 17279380     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2989/10220110009485735     Document Type: Article

References (12)

1. Callaway RM 1995. Positive interactions among plants. The Botanical Review 61:306-349.
2. Hay ME 1986. Associational plant defenses and the maintenance of species diversity: turning competitors in accomplices. American Naturalist 128:617-641.
3. McAuliffe JR 1986. Herbivore-limited establishment of a Sonoran Desert tree: Cercidium microphyllum. Ecology 67:276-280.
4. Milton SJ 1992. Effects of rainfall, competition and grazing of flowering Osteospermum sinuatum (Aster-aceae) in arid Karoo rangeland. Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa 9:158-164.
5. Milton SJ 1994. Growth, flowering and recruitment of shrubs in grazed and in protected rangeland in the arid Karoo, South Africa. Vegetatio 111:17-27.
6. Milton SJ & Dean WRJ 1990. Seed production in rangelands of the southern Karoo. South African Journal of Science 86:231-233.
7. Milton SJ & Dean WRJ 1993. Selection of seeds by harvester ants (Messor capensis) in relation to condition of arid rangeland. Journal of Arid Environments. 24:63-74.
8. O'Connor TG 1991. Local extinction in perennial grasslands: a life history approach. American Naturalist. 137:753-773.
9. O'Connor TG 1995. Transformation of a savanna grassland by drought and grazing. African Journal of Range & Forage Science 12:53-60.
10. Pfister CA & Hay ME 1988. Associational plant refuges: convergent patterns in marine and terrestrial ecosystems result from differing mechanisms. Oecologia 77:118-129.
11. Rutherford MC 1997. Biomes. In: Cowling RM, Richardson DM & Pierce SM (eds). Vegetation of southern Africa. Cambridge University Press, pp. 91-98.
12. Todd SW & Hoffman MT 1999. The effects of heavy grazing on plant species diversity and community composition on a communally managed, semi-arid shrubland, Namaqualand, South Africa. Plant Ecology 169-178.