Prohibitions on begging and loitering in nineteenth-century Egypt

Welt des Islams

Volumn 39, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 319-339

  Ener, Mine ^a  

^a VILLANOVA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0039004904     PISSN: 00432539     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1163/1570060991570668     Document Type: Review

References (29)

1. A letter to the editor of the Egyptian Gazette, January 14, 1900, page 3.
2. Edward Lane, Manners and Customs of the Modern Egyptians (The Hague: East- West Publications), [1836] 1989: 286, 325-327, 420-421.
3. John Murray, A Handbook for Travelers in Egypt (London: John Murray),1875, vi.
4. Murray, A Handbook for Travelers in Egypt, 1875, 127.
5. Karl Baedeker, Egypt, Handbook for Travelers (Leipzig: Karl Baedeker), 1878, 16.
6. Kamel A. Greiss, "La mendicite en Egypte et sa repression," L.Egypte Contemporaine, Number 26, March 1916: 203-227, p. 223.
7. Afaf Lutfi Al-Sayid Marsot discusses the imposition of monopolies in Egypt in the Reign of Muammad Al (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 1984
8. Judith Tucker provides an overview of the consequences corvee had on the peasant family in Women in Nineteenth-Century Egypt (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) 1985
9. Khaled Fahmy.s work, All the Pasha.s Men, discusses the impact of conscription on Egyptians. lives; and Laverne Kuhnke provides a detailed discussion of medical advances made in Egypt during the first half of the nineteenth century in Lives at Risk. (Berkeley: University of California Press), 1990.
10. Stanford Shaw, The Financial and Administrative Organization and Development of Ottoman Egypt, 1517-1798 (Princeton: Princeton University Press), 1962: 20 and 54.
11. Michael Winter, Egyptian Society Under Ottoman Rule, 1517-1798 (London: Routledge), 1992, 12 and 227.
12. DWQ Al-Ma iyya al- Saniyya, Qayd al-Awmir wa al-Jawbt, sin 1/37/1, order number 523, 24 Oafar 1247/ 4 August 1831.
13. Kemal H. Karpat, "Ottoman Population Records and the Census of 1881-82-1893," International Journal of Middle East Studies, 9 (1978), 237-274: 244.
14. Michael Reimer discusses how peasants seeking to evade conscription sought refuge in Alexandria and Cairo in Colonial Bridgehead: Government and Society in Alexandria, 1807-1882 (Boulder: Westview Press), 1997: 95 and 220.
15. Justin McCarthy, "Nineteenth-Century Egyptian Population," Middle East Studies, 12, number 3 (October 1976), 1-40. A number of censuses were taken in the nineteenth century, most specifically in 1846 and 1868. In this regard
16. Michael Reimer, Colonial Bridgehead: Government and Society in Alexandria, 1807-1882 (Boulder, Westview Press), 1997, 90 and 141.During the British Occupation, censuses were taken in 1882 and, beginning with the census of 1897, at ten year intervals. 25 Ehud Toledano, State and Society in mid-Nineteenth Century Egypt (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 1990, 198.
17. Daniel Panzac, "The Population of Egypt in the Nineteenth Century," 28-29.
18. "Alexandria" in Reeva Simon, Philip Mattar, and Richard Bulliet, eds., Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East, Volume I (New York: Simon and Schuster), 1996, 91-94.
19. Helen Rivlin, The Agricultural Policy of Muammad Al in Egypt (Cambridge: Harvard University Press), 1961, 271. For discussion of the urban police force, see Toledano, State and Society, 221-226.
20. New York: Scribner, Welford, and Armstrong), 1877, 22.
21. Lane, Manners and Customs, 124-125.
22. Rudolph Peters, "For his Correction and as a Deterrent Example for Others: Mehmed Ali.s First Criminal Legislation, " Islamic Law and Society, 6 (1999) pp. 164-191
23. PRO FO 633/49 "Reports by Mr. Villiers Stuart, M.P., Respecting Reorganization in Egypt." For the options available to landless peasants, see Judith Tucker, Women in Nineteenth-Century Egypt (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press), 1985: 38-40.
24. Joel Beinin and Zachary Lockman, Workers on the Nile (Princeton: Princeton University Press), 1987: 24-27.
25. "Public Security", article 152 and "Prevention of Crime", articles 6 and 37 Ministry of the Interior Police Regulations (Cairo: National Printing Press), 1901.
26. Bulletin des Lois et Decrets, page 162-163, (Cairo: Government Press), 1891.
27. PRO FO 633/61 Report on the Administration, Finances, and Condition of Egypt and the Progress of Reforms, 1892, page 28.
28. Ahmed Sami Effendi, "Juvenile Vagrants and Delinquents," L}Egypte Contemporaine, 1923, 250-272: 251.
29. Charles E. Coles, Recollections and Reflections (London: The Saint Catherine Press), 1918: 115 and 119.