The application of luminescence dating in american archaeology

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory

Volumn 4, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 1-66

  Feathers, James K ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

Luminescence dating; ceramics; sediments; lithics. 1997 plenum publishing corporation

Indexed keywords

EID: 0038942944     PISSN: 10725369     EISSN: 15737764     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF02428058     Document Type: Article

References (234)

1. Adams, J. A. S., Osmond, J. K., and Rogers, J. J. W. (1959). The geochemistry of thorium and uranium. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 3: 238-348.
2. Aitken, M. J. (1985). Thermoluminescence Dating, Academic Press, London.
3. Aitken, M. J. (1989). Luminescence dating: A guide for non-specialists. Archaeometry 31: 147-159.
4. Aitken, M. J. (1992). Optical dating. Quaternary Science Reviews 11: 127-131.
5. Aitken, M. J. (1994). Optical dating: A non-specialist review. Quaternary Geochronology 13: 503-508.
6. Aitken, M. J., and Valladas, H. (1993). Luminescence dating relevant to human origins. In Aitken, M. J., Stringer, C. B., and Mellars, P. A. (eds.), The Origins of Modem Humans and the Impact of Chronometrie Dating, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, pp. 27-39.
7. Aitken, M. J., and Xie, J. (1992). Optical dating using infrared diodes: Young samples. Quaternary Science Reviews 11: 147-152.
8. Aitken, M. J., Zimmerman, D. W., and Fleming, S. J. (1968). Thermoluminescent dating of ancient pottery. Nature 219: 442-444.
9. Aitken, M. J., Tite, M. S., and Reid, J. (1964). Thermoluminescent dating of ancient ceramics. Nature 202: 1032-1033.
10. Allsbroook, R. C. (1995). Limestone, grog and shell: An intemperate view of pottery temper in the Tennessee Valley. Paper presented at the 60th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Minneapolis.
11. Andersson, M., Jeannin, M., Rendell, H. M., Tardot, A., and Tbwnsend, P. D. (1990). TL spectra of mineral mixtures: Discrimination between different components. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 17: 569-577.
12. Bailiff, I. K. (1991). Pre-dose dating. In Goksu, H. Y., Oberhofer, M., and Regulla, D (eds.), Scientific Dating Methods, Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, pp. 155-173.
13. Bailiff, I. K. (1992). Luminescence dating of alluvial deposits. In Needham, S., and Macklin, M. G. (eds.), Alluvial Archaeology in Britain, British Museum Oxbow Monograph 27, pp. 27-35.
14. Bailiff, I. K. (1993). Measurement of the stimulation spectrum (1.2-1.7 eV) for a specimen of potassium feldspar using a tunable solid state laser. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 47: 649-653.
15. Bailiff, I. K. (1994). The pre-dose technique. Radiation Measurements 23: 471-479.
16. Bailiff, I. K., and Poolton, N. R. J. (1991). Studies of charge transfer mechanisms in feldspars. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 18: 111-118.
17. Balescu, S., and Lamonthe, M. (1992). The blue emission of K-feldspar coarse grains and its potential for overcoming TL age underestimation. Quaternary Science Reviews 11: 45-51.
18. Balescu, S., and Lamonthe, M. (1994). Comparison of TL and IRSL age estimates of feldspar coarse grains from waterlain sediments. Quaternary Geochronology 13: 437-444.
19. Baray, M. M., and Zöller, L. (1994). Methodological aspects of thermoluminescence dating of late glacial and holocene dune sands from Brandenburg, Germany. Quaternary Geochronology 13: 477-480.
20. Beck, C. (1994). Introduction. In Beck, C. (ed.), Dating in Exposed and Surface Contexts, University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, pp. 3-13.
21. Bednarik, R. G. (1996). Only time will tell: A review of the methodology of direct rock art dating. Archaeometry 38: 1-13.
22. Berger, G. W. (1988). Dating Quaternary events by luminescence. Geological Society of America Special Paper 127: 13-50.
23. Berger, G. W. (1990). Regression and error analysis for a saturating exponential-plus-linear model. Ancient TL 8: 23-26.
24. Berger, G. W. (1994). Thermoluminescence dating of sediments older than ∼100 ka. Quaternary Geochronology 13: 445-455.
25. Berger, G. W. (1996). Progress in luminescence dating methods for Quaternary sediments. In Rutter, N. W., and Catto, N. (eds.), Dating Methods for Quaternary Deposits, Geological Association of Canada, GEOtext, No. 2, pp. 81-103.
26. Berger, G. W., and Easterbrook, D. J. (1993). Thermoluminescence dating tests for lacustrine, glaciomarine, and floodplain sediments from western Washington and British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Earth Science 30: 1815-1828.
27. Blackwell, B. A., and Schwarcz, H. P. (1993). ESR isochron dating for teeth: A brief demonstration in solving the external dose calculation problem. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 44: 243-252.
28. Blake, M, Clark, J. E., Voorhies, B., Michaels, G., Love, M. W., Pye, M. E., Demarest, A. A., and Arroyo, B. (1995). Radiocarbon chronology for the Late Archaic and Formative periods on the Pacific coast of southeastern Mesoamerica. Ancient Mesoamerica 6: 161-183.
29. Blitz, J. H. (1993). Ancient Chiefdoms of the Tombigbee, University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.
30. Boetter-Jensen, L., and Duller, G. A. T (1992). A new system for measuring OSL from quartz samples. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 20: 549-553.
31. Boetter-Jensen, L., Jungner, H., and Mejdahl, V. (1993). Recent developments of OSL techniques for dating quartz and feldspars. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 47: 643-648.
32. Boetter-Jensen, L., Duller, G. A. T, and Poolton, N. R. J. (1994a). Excitation and emission spectrometry of stimulated luminescence from quartz and feldspars. Radiation Measurements 23: 613-616.
33. Boetter-Jensen, L., Poolton, N. R. J., Willumsen, E, and Christiansen, H. (1994b). A compact design for monochromatic OSL measurements in the wavelength range 380-1020 run. Radiation Measurements 23: 519-522.
34. Buschbeck, H. M., and Flettner, S. (1994). TL dating of a destructive fire in a Neolithic settlement. Quaternary Geochronology 13: 569-573.
35. Buschbeck, H. M., and Thiemeyer, H. (1994). Thermoluminescence dating of palaeodunes in northeast Nigeria. Quaternary Geochronology 13: 481-484.
36. Chen, R., and Fogel, G, (1993). Superlinearity in thermoluminescence revisited. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 47: 23-26.
37. Chen, R., Kirsh, Y., and Townsend, P. D. (1991). Models for the sensitization of thermoluminescence in silica fibers. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 18:13-17.
38. Clark, J. E. (1991). The beginnings of Mesoamerica: Apologia for the Soconusco Early Formative. In Fowler, W. R. Jr. (ed.), The Formation of Complex Society in Southeastern Mesoamerica, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 13-26.
39. Clark, P. A., and Templer, R. H. (1988). Dating thermoluminescence samples which exhibit anomalous fading. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 14: 139-141.
40. Clark, R. J., and Sanderson, D. C. W. (1994). Photostimulated luminescence excitation spectroscopy of feldspars and micas. Radiation Measurements 23: 641-646.
41. Colman, S. M, Pierce, K. L., and Birkeland, P. W. (1987). Suggested terminology for Quaternary dating methods. Quaternary Research 28: 314-319.
42. Daniels, F., Boyd, C. A., and Saunders, D. F. (1953). Thermoluminescence as a research tool. Science 117: 343-349.
43. Dean, J. S. (1978). Independent dating in archaeological analysis. Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory 1: 223-255.
44. Debenham, N. C. (1985). Use of uv emissions in TL dating of sediments. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 10: 717-724.
45. Demarest, A. (1989). The Olmec and the rise of civilization in eastern Mesoamerica. In Sharer, R. J., and Grove, D. C. (eds.), Regional Perspectives on the Olmec, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 303-344.
46. Dijkmans, J. W. A., and Wintle, A. G. (1991). Methodological problems in thermoluminescence dating of Weichselian cover sand and late Holocene drift sand from the Lutterzand area, E. Netherlands. Geologie en Mijnbouw 70: 21-33.
47. Ditlefsen, C. (1992). Bleaching of K-feldspars in turbid water suspensions: A comparison of photo- and thermoluminescence signals. Quaternary Science Reviews 11: 33-38.
48. Duller, G. A. T (1991). Equivalent dose determinations using single aliquots. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 18: 371-378.
49. Duller, G. A. T (1994a). A new method for the analysis of infrared stimulated luminescence data from potassium feldspars. Radiation Measurements 23: 281-285.
50. Duller, G. A. T. (1994b). Luminescence dating of sediments using single aliquots: New procedures. Quaternary Science Reviews 13: 149-156.
51. Duller, G. A. T (1994c). Luminescence dating of poorly bleached sediments from Scotland. Quaternary Geochronology 13: 521-524.
52. Duller, G. A. T (1995a). Luminescence dating using single aliquots: Methods and applications. Radiation Measurements 24: 217-226.
53. Duller, G. A. T (1995b). Infrared bleaching of the thermoluminescence of four feldspars. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 28: 1244-1258.
54. Duller, G. A. T, and Boetter-Jensen, L. (1993). Luminescence from potassium feldspars stimulated by infrared and green light. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 47: 683-688.
55. Duller, G. A. T., Boetter-Jensen, L., and Poolton, N. R. J. (1995). Stimulation of mineral-specific luminescence from multi-mineral samples. Radiation Measurements 24: 87-93.
56. Dunnell, R. C. (1970). Seriation method and its evaluation. American Antiquity 35: 305-319.
57. Dunnell, R. C. (1981). Seriation, groups and measurements. In Cowgill, G. L., Whallon, R., and Ottaway, B. S. (eds.), Manejos de Datas y Métodos Matemáticos de Arqueología, Unión Internacional de Ciencias Prehistoricas y Protohistóricas, Mexico City, pp. 67-90.
58. Dunnell, R. C. (1992). The notion site. In Rossignol, J., and Wandsnider, L. (eds.), Space, Time, and Archaeological Landscapes, Plenum Press, New York, pp. 21-41.
59. Dunnell, R. C., and Feathers, J. K. (1994). Thermoluminescence dating of surficial archaeological material. In Beck, C., (ed.), Dating in Exposed and Surface Contexts, University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, pp. 115-137.
60. Dunnell, R. C., and Readhead, M. L. (1988). The relation of dating and chronology: Comments on Chatters and Hoover (1986) and Butler and Stein (1988). Quaternary Research 30: 232-233.
61. Fain, J., Sanzelle, S., Miallier, D., Montret, M., and Pilleyre, Th. (1994). A TL model based on deep traps competition. Radiation Measurements 23: 287-291.
62. Feathers, J. K. (1993). Thermoluminescence dating of pottery from Southeastern Missouri and the problem of radioactive disequilibrium. Archeomaterials 7: 3-20.
63. Feathers, J. K. (1995). Optically stimulated luminescence of heated materials. In Vincenzini, P. (ed.), The Ceramics Cultural Heritage, Proceedings of the International Symposium of the 8th CIMTEC-World Ceramic Congress and Forum on New Materials, Techna, Faenza, pp. 368-374.
64. Feathers, J. K. (1996a). Fjcplaining shell-tempered pottery in prehistoric Eastern North America, Unpublished manuscript.
65. Feathers, J. K. (1996b). Luminescence dating of early mounds in northeast Louisiana. Quaternary Geochronology, (in press).
66. Feathers, J. K. (1997). Luminescence dating at Katanda: A reassessment (in preparation).
67. Feathers, J. K., and Rhode, D. (1997). Luminescence dating of protohistoric pottery from the Great Basin. Geoarchaeology (submitted for publication).
68. Fleischer, R. L. (1988). Alpha-recoil damage: Relation to isotopic disequilibrium and leaching of radionuclides. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 52: 1459-1466.
69. Fleming, S. J. (1970). Thermoluminescent dating: Refinement of the quartz inclusion method. Archaeometry 15: 13-30.
70. Fleming, S. J. (1979). Thermoluminescence Techniques in Archaeology, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
71. Forman, S. L., and Ennis, G. (1992). Limitations of thermoluminescence to date wateriain sediments from glaciated fiord environments of western Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Quaternary Science Reviews 11: 61-70.
72. Forman, S. L., Pierson, J., Smith, R. P., Hackett, W. R., and Valentine, G. (1994). Assessing the accuracy of thermoluminescence for dating baked sediments beneath late Quaternary lava flows, Snake River Plain, Idaho. Journal of Geophysical Research 99: 15,569-15,576.
73. Fragoulis, D. V, and Stoebe, T G. (1990). Relationship of anomalous fading and enhancement of thermoluminescence in quartz grains. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 34: 65-68.
74. Franklin, A, D. (1994). Lack of interaction between the rapidly and slowly bleaching TL peaks in an Australian quartz. Ancient TL 12: 5-9.
75. Franklin, A. D., and Hornyak, W. F. (1990). Isolation of the rapidly bleaching peak in quartz TL glow curves. Ancient TL 8: 29-31.
76. Franklin, A. D., and Hornyak, W. F. (1992). Normalization of inclusion size quartz TL data. Ancient TL 10: 1-6.
77. Franklin, A. D., Hornyak, W. F., and Dickerson, W. (1992). TL estimation of paleodose of dune-sand quartz. Quaternary Science Reviews 11: 75-78.
78. Franklin, A. D., Prescott, J. R., and Scholefield, R. B. (1995). The mechanism of thermoluminescence in an Australian sedimentary quartz. Journal of Luminescence 63: 317-326.
79. Fuller, I. C, Wintle, A. G., and Duller, G. A. T. (1994). Test of the partial bleach methodology as applied to the infra-red stimulated luminescence of an alluvial sediment from the Danube. Quaternary Geochronology 13: 539-543.
80. Galloway, R. B. (1993). Stimulation of luminescence using green light emitting diodes. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 47: 679-682.
81. Galloway, R. B. (1994). Comparison of the green- and infrared-stimulated luminescence of feldspar. Radiation Measurements 23: 617-620.
82. Galloway, R. B., and Napier, H. J. (1994). The influence of sample treatment on feldspar dose response. Ancient TL 12: 43-48.
83. Garlick, G. F. J., and Gibson, A. F. (1948). The electron trap mechanism of luminescence in sulphide and silicate phosphors. Proceedings of the Physical Society 60: 574-590.
84. Getnmell, A. M. D. (1994). Environmental controls on the TL age of modern (zero-age) proglacial outwash sediments. Quaternary Geochronology 13: 485-489.
85. Godfrey-Smith, D. I., Huntley, D. J., and Chen, W.-H. (1988). Optical dating studies of quartz and feldspar sediment extracts. Quaternary Science Reviews 7: 373-380.
86. Grün, R. (1990). Dose response of the paramagnetic centre at g=2.0007 in corals. Ancient TL 8: 20-23.
87. Grün, R. (1994). The kinetics of TL peaks and its effect on the dose versus temperature plot. Radiation Measurements 23: 175-194.
88. Grün, R., and Packman, S. C. (1994). Observations on the kinetics involved in the TL glow curves in quartz, K-feldspar and Na-feldspar mineral separates of sediments and their significance for dating studies. Radiation Measurements 23: 317-322.
89. Guilbert, P., Schwerer, M., Etcheverry, M. P., Szepertyski, B., and Ney, C. (1994). IXth millennium B.C. ceramics from Niger: Detection of a U-series disequilibrium and TL dating. Quaternary Geochronology 13: 555-561.
90. Hashimoto, T, Hayashi, Y., Koyanagi, A., Yokosaka, K., and Kimura, K. (1986). Red and blue colouration of thermo-luminescence from natural quartz sands. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 11: 229-235.
91. Hedges, R. E. M., and McLellan, M. (1976). On the cation exchange capacity of fired clays and its effect on the chemical and radiometric analysis of pottery. Archaeometry 18: 203-207.
92. Henderson, A. G., and Turnbow, C. A. (1987). Fort Ancient developments in northeastern Kentucky. In Pollack, D. (ed.), Current Archaeological Research in Kentucky, Vol. 1, Kentucky Heritage Council, Frankfort, pp. 205-223.
93. Hogue, S. H., and Peacock, E. (1995). Environmental and osteological analysis at the South Farm site (22OK534), a Mississippian farmstead in Oktibbeha County, Mississippi. Southeastern Archaeology 14: 31-45.
94. Hornyak, W. E, Franklin, A. D., and Chen, R. (1993). A model for midterm fading in TL dating. Ancient TL 11: 21-26.
95. Humphreys, C. L. (1987). Factors controlling uranium and radium isotopic distributions in ground water of the West Central Florida phosphate district. In Graves, B. (ed.), Radon, Radium and Other Radioactivity in Ground Water, Lewis, Chelsea, MI, pp. 171-189.
96. Hunt, T, Madsen, M., and Lipo, C. (1995). Examining cultural transmission. Poster presented at the 60th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Minneapolis.
97. Huntley, D. J., and Berger, G. W. (1995). Scatter in luminescence data for optical dating-Some models. Ancient TL 13: 5-9.
98. Huntley, D. J., Godfrey-Smith, D. I., and Thewalt, M. L. W. (1985). Optical dating of sediments. Nature 313: 105-107.
99. Huntley, D. J., Godfrey-Smith, D. I., Thewalt, M. L. W., and Berger, G. W. (1988a). Thermoluminescence spectra of some mineral samples relevant to thermoluminescence dating. Journal of Luminescence 39: 123-136.
100. Huntley, D. J., Godfrey-Smith, D. I., Thewalt, M. L. W, Prescott, J. R., and Hutton, J. T. (1988b). Some quartz thermoluminescence spectra relevant to thermoluminescence dating. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 14: 27-33.
101. Huntley, D. J., Hutton, J. T, and Prescott, J. R. (1993). The stranded beach-dune sequence of southeast South Australia: A test of thermoluminescence dating, 0-800 ka. Quaternary Science Reviews 12: 1-20.
102. Huntley, D. J., Lian, O. B., Hu J., and Prescott, J. R. (1994). Tests of luminescence dating making use of paleomagnetic reversals. Ancient TL 12: 28-30.
103. Hütt, G., Jaek, I., and Tchonka, J. (1988). Optical dating: K-feldspars optical response stimulation spectra. Quaternary Science Reviews 7: 381-385.
104. Hutton, J. T, and Prescott, J. R. (1992). Field and laboratory measurements of low-level thorium, uranium and potassium. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 20: 367-370.
105. Huxtable, J. (1982). Fine-grain thermoluminescence techniques applied to flint dating. PACT 6: 346-352.
106. Ivanovich, M., and Harmon, R. S. (1982). Uranium Series Disequilibrium: Applications to Environmental Problems, Clarendon Press, London.
107. Jenkins, N. J. (1981). Gainsville Lake Area Ceramic Descriptions and Chronology, Report of Investigations 12, Office of Archaeological Research, the University of Alabama.
108. Jones, G. T, and Beck, C. (1992). Chronological resolution in distributional archaeology. In Rossignol, J., and Atondsnider, L. (eds.), Space, Time, and Archaeological Landscapes, Plenum Press, New York, pp. 167-192.
109. Jungner, H., and Huntley, D. J. (1991). Emission spectra of some potassium feldspars under 633 nm stimulation. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 18: 125-126.
110. Kaylor, R., Feathers, J., Gottfried, M., Franklin, A. D., and Hornyak, W. F. (1993). Important date/strange material. Ancient TL 11: 40-44.
111. Kaylor, R. M., Feathers, J., Hornyak, W. F., and Franklin, A. D. (1995). Optically stimulated luminescence in Kalahari quartz: Bleaching of the 325°C peak as the source of the luminescence. Journal of Luminescence 65: 1-6.
112. Kojo, Y. (1991). The reliability of thermoluminescence dating: A pilot experiment. Geoarchaeology 6: 367-374.
113. Krbetschek, M. R., Rieser, U., Zöller, L., and Heinicke, J. (1994). Radioactive disequilibria in palaeodosimetric dating of sediments. Radiation Measurements 23: 485-489.
114. Lamonthe, M., Balescu, S., and Auclair, M. (1994). Natural IRSL intensities and apparent luminescence ages of single feldspar grains extracted from partially bleached sediments. Radiation Measurements 23: 555-561.
115. Levy, E W. (1982). Thermoluminescence and optical bleaching in minerals exhibiting second order kinetics and other retrapping characteristics. PACT 6: 224-242.
116. Levy, E W. (1983). Characteristics of thermoluminescence glow curves for materials exhibiting more than one glow peak. PACT 9: 109-122.
117. Levy, P. W. (1989). Principles determining the length of time materials can be dated by TL, ESR and other trapped charge buildup methods. In Long and Short Range Limits in Luminescence Dating, Occasional Paper 9, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, Oxford.
118. Lewarch, D. E., and O'Brien, M. J. (1981). The expanding role of surface assemblages in archaeological research. Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory 4: 297-342.
119. Li, S.-H. (1994). Optical dating: Insufficiently bleached sediments. Radiation Measurements 23: 563-567.
120. Li, S.-H., and Wintle, A. G. (1992). A global view of the stability of luminescence signals from loess. Quaternary Science Reviews 11: 133-137.
121. Li, S.-H., and Wintle, A. G. (1993). A model for sensitivity change of IRSL signals. Ancient TL 11: 33-35.
122. Liritzis, I., Galloway, R. B., and Theocaris, P. S. (1994). Thermoluminescence dating of ceramics revisited: Optical stimulated luminescence of quartz single aliquot with green light-emitting diodes. Journal of Radioanafytical Nuclear Chemistry Letters 188: 189-198.
123. Luff, B. J., and Tbwnsend, P. D. (1993). High sensitivity thermoluminescence spectrometer. Measurement Science and Technology 4: 65-71.
124. Lyons, R. G., Brennan, B. J., and Hosking, E L. (1992). Estimation of accumulated dose and its uncertainties: Potential pitfalls in curve fitting. Ancient TL 10: 42-49.
125. Martini, M., Spinola, G., and Dominici, G. (1983). Alpha spectroscopy as a tool for annual dose-rate determination in pottery and soil. PACT 9: 9-18.
126. Maurer, C, and Purdy, B. A. (1986). Thermoluminescence of heat-altered Florida chert. In Olin, J. S., and Blackman, M. J. (eds.), Proceedings of the 24th International Archaeometry Symposium, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC, pp. 473-476.
127. McFee, C. J. (1996). TL measurements of single grains from selected feldspar samples. Ancient TL 14: 13-20.
128. McFee, C. J., and Tite, M. S. (1994). Investigations into the thermoluminescence properties of single quartz grains using an imaging photon detector. Radiation Measurements 23: 355-360.
129. McKeever, S. W. S. (1985). Thermoluminescence of Solids, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
130. McKeever, S. W. S. (1991). Mechanisms of thermoluminescence production: Some problems and a few answers? Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 18: 5-12.
131. McKeever, S. W. S. (1994). Models for optical bleaching of thermoluminescence in sediments. Radiation Measurements 23: 267-275.
132. McKeever, S. W. S., and Morris, M. F. (1994). Computer Simulations of optical bleaching of TL and OSL signals. Radiation Measurements 23: 301-306.
133. Mejdahl, V. (1969). Thermoluminescence dating of ancient Danish ceramics. Archaeometry 11: 99-104.
134. Mejdahl, V (1983). Feldspar inclusion dating of ceramics and burnt stones. PACT 9: 351-364.
135. Mejdahl, V. (1988). The plateau method for dating partially bleached sediments by thermoluminescence. Quaternary Science Reviews 7: 347-348.
136. Mejdahl, V (1991). Thermoluminescence dating of late-glacial sand sediments. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 18: 71-75.
137. Mejdahl, V, and Boetter-Jensen, L. (1994). Luminescence dating of archaeological materials using a new technique based on single aliquot measurements. Quaternary Gee-chronology 13: 551-554.
138. Mejdahl, V, and Boetter-Jensen, L. (1996). Experience with the SARA OSL method. Paper presented at the 8th International Conference on Luminescence and Electron Spin Resonance Dating, Canberra.
139. Mejdahl, V, and Christiansen, H. H. (1994). Procedures used for luminescence dating of sediments. Quaternary Geochronology 13: 403-406.
140. Mejdahl, V, and Funder, S. (1994). Luminescence dating of Late Quaternary sediments from East Greenland. Boreas 23: 525-535.
141. Mercier, N., Valladas, H., and Valladas, G. (1992). Observations on palaeodose determination with burnt flints. Ancient TL 10: 28-32.
142. Mercier, N., Valladas, H., and Valladas, G. (1995). Flint thermoluminescence dates from the CFR Laboratory at GIF: Contributions to the study of the chronology of the Middle Paleolithic. Quaternary Science Reviews 14: 351-364.
143. Miallier, D., Fain, J., Montret, M., Pilleyre, Th., Sanzelle, S., and Soumana, S. (1991). Properties of the red TL peak of quartz relevant to thermoluminescence dating. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 18: 89-94.
144. Michab, M., Feathers, J., Joron, J.-L., Mercier, N., Reyss, J.-L., Selo, M., Valladas, H., Valladas, G., and Roosevelt, A. (1996). New dates for the Brazilian paleoindian cave-site of Pedra Pintada. Paper presented at the 8th International Conference on Luminescence and Electron Spin Resonance Dating, Canberra.
145. Mistovich, T S. (1988). Early Mississippian in the Black Warrior Valley: The pace of transition. Southeastern Archaeology 7: 21-38.
146. Morozov, G. V. (1968). The relative dating of Quaternary Ukranian sediments by the thermoluminescence method. 8th International Quaternary Association Congress, Paris, U.S. Geological Survey Library, Washington, DC, p. 167.
147. Morris, M. E, and McKeever, S. W S. (1993). Further developments of a model for describing the optical bleaching of thermoluminescence from quartz as applied to sediment dating. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 47: 637-641.
148. Murray, A. S. (1982). Studies of the stability of radioisotope concentrations and their dependence on grain size. PACT 6: 155-169.
149. Murray, A. S. (1995). Incomplete shine-down and its effect on the regenerated signal, with particular reference to young quartz sediments. Radiation Measurements (in press).
150. Murray, A. S., and Aitken, M. J. (1982). The measurements and importance of radioactive disequilibria in TL samples. PACT 6: 155-169.
151. Murray, A. S., Olley, J. M., and Caitcheon, G. C. (1995). Measurement of equivalent doses in quartz from contemporary water-lain sediments using optically stimulated luminescence. Quaternary Science Reviews 14: 365-371.
152. Musson, E M., and Wintle, A. G. (1994). Luminescence dating of the loess profile at Dolní Vestonice, Czech Republic. Quaternary Geochronology 13: 411-416.
153. Nott, J., Young, R., Bryant, E., and Price, D. (1994). Stratigraphy vs. pedogenesis: Problems of their correlation within coastal sedimentary facies. Catena 23: 199-212.
154. Ollerhead, J., Huntley, D. J., and Berger, G. W (1994). Luminescence dating of sediments from Buctouche Spit, New Brunswick. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 31: 523-531.
155. Olley, J. M., Roberts, R. G., and Murray, A. (1996). Do disequilibria in the uranium decay chain at the time of sample excavation significantly affect the burial dose rate? An example from Alien's Cave, Nullarbor Plain, Australia. Paper presented at the 8th International Conference on Luminescence and Electron Spin Resonance Dating, Canberra.
156. Packman, S. C., and Grün, R. (1992). TL analysis of loess samples from Achenheim. Quaternary Science Reviews 11: 103-107.
157. Plater, A. J., Ivanovich, M., and Dugdale, R. E. (1992). Uranium series disequilibrium in river sediments and waters: The significance of anomalous activity ratios. Applied Geochemistry 7: 101-110.
158. Poolton, N. R. J., Boetter-Jensen, L., Ypma, E J. M., and Johnsen, O. (1994). Influence of crystal structure on the optically stimulated luminescence properties of feldspars. Radiation Measurements 23: 551-554.
159. Prescott, J. R., Fox, E J., Akber, R. A., and Jensen, H. E. (1988). Thermoluminescence emission spectrometer. Applied Optics 27: 3496-3502.
160. Prescott, J. R., Fox, P. J., Robertson, G. B., and Hutton, J. T (1994). Three-dimensional spectral studies of the bleaching of the thermoluminescence of feldspars. Radiation Measurements 23: 367-375.
161. Prescott, J. R., Huntley, D. J., and Hutton, J. T (1993). Estimation of equivalent dose in thermoluminescence dating-the Australian slide method. Ancient TL 11: 1-5.
162. Prescott, J. R., and Hutton, J. T (1988). Cosmic ray and gamma ray dosimetry for TL and ESR. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 14: 223-227.
163. Prescott, J. R., and Hutton, J. T. (1995). Environmental dose rates and radioactive disequilibrium from some Australian luminescence dating sites. Quaternary Science Reviews 14: 439-448.
164. Prescott, J. R., and Mojarrabi, B. (1993). Selective bleach: An improved partial bleach technique for finding equivalent doses for TL dating of quartz sediments. Ancient TL 11: 27-30.
165. Price, D. M. (1994a). TL signatures of quartz grains of different origin. Ancient TL 23: 413-417.
166. Price, D. M. (1994b). TL dating of fluvial quartz sands: A comparison of ages obtained at 325°C and 375°C. Ancient TL 12: 20-23.
167. Questiaux, D. G. (1991). Optical dating of loess: Comparisons between different grain size fractions for infrared and green excitation wavelengths. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 18: 133-139.
168. Ramenofsky, A. F. (1995). The illusion of time. Paper presented at the 60th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Minneapolis.
169. Ramenofsky, A. F. (1996). Surface archaeology and the problem of historic period abandonment in the Lower Chama. Paper presented at the 61st annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, New Orleans.
170. Randall, J. T, and Wilkins, M. H. F. (1945). Phosphorescence and electron traps. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A 184: 366-407.
171. Readhead, M. L. (1982). Extending thermoluminescence dating to geological sediments. In Ambrose, W, and Duerden, E (eds.), Archaeometry: An Australian Perspective, Australian National University, Canberra, pp. 276-281.
172. Readhead, M. L. (1988). Thermoluminescence dating study of quartz in aeolian sediments from southeastern Australia. Quaternary Science Reviews 7: 257-264.
173. Readhead, M. L., Dunnell, R. C., and Feathers, J. K. (1988). Recent additions of potassium: A potential source of error in calculating TL ages. Ancient TL 6: 1-4.
174. Rees-Jones, J. (1995). Optical dating of young sediments using fine-grain quartz. Ancient TL 13: 9-14.
175. Rees-Jones, J., and Tite, M. S. (1994). Recuperation of IRSL after bleaching and consequences for dating young sediment. Radiation Measurements 23: 569-574.
176. Rendell, H. M. (1992). A comparison of TL age estimates from different mineral fractions of sands. Quaternary Science Reviews 11: 79-83.
177. Rendell, H. M., Mann, S. J., and Tbwnsend, P. D. (1988). Spectral measurements of loess TL. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 14: 63-72.
178. Rendell, H. M., Lancaster, N., and Tthakerian, V. P. (1994a). Luminescence dating of late Quaternary aeolian deposits at Dale Lake and Cronese Mountains, Mojave Desert, California. Quaternary Geochronology 13: 417-422.
179. Rendell, H. M., Tbwnsend, P. D., Wood, R. A., and Luff, B. J. (1994b). Thermal treatments and emission spectra of TL from quartz. Radiation Measurements 23: 441-449.
180. Rendell, H. M., Townsend, P. D., and Wood, R. A. (1995). TL and IRSL emission spectra of detrital feldspars. New experimental data. Physica Status Solidi 190: 321-330.
181. Rhodes, E. J., and Pownall, L. (1994). Zeroing of the OSL signal in quartz from young glaciofluvial sediments. Radiation Measurements 23: 581-585.
182. Rink, W. J., Rendell, H., Marseglia, E. A., Luff, B. J., and Townsend, P. D. (1993). Thermoluminescence spectra of igneous quartz and hydrothermal vein quartz. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 20: 353-361.
183. Roberts, R. G., Spooner, N. A., and Questiaux, D. G. (1993). Cautions on the use of extended duration preheats in the optical dating of quartz. Ancient TL 11: 47-53.
184. Roberts, R. G., Spooner, N. A., and Questiaux, D. G. (1994). Palaeodose underestimates caused by extended-duration preheats in the optical dating of quartz. Radiation Measurements 23: 647-653.
185. Roberts, R. G., Walsh, G. L., Olley, J. M., Murray, A. S., Macphail, M. K., Naumann, I. D., Jones, R., and Morwood, M. J. (1996). Rock art chronologies and paleoenvironmental records from fossil mud-wasp nests: Preliminary investigations using optical dating. Paper presented at the 8th International Conference on Luminescence and Electron Spin Resonance Dating, Canberrra.
186. Robertson, G. B. (1995). Dose normalization in fine-grain dating of loess. Ancient TL 13: 1-2.
187. Roosevelt, A., Lima Costa, M., Lopes Machado, G, Michab, M., Mercier, N., Valladas, H., Feathers, J., Barnett, W., Imazio da Silveira, M., and Henderson, A. (1996). Paleoindian cave dwellers in the Amazon: The peopling of the Americas. Science 272: 373-384.
188. Russo, M. (1994). A brief introduction to the study of Archaic mounds in the Southeast. Southeastern Archaeology 13: 89-93.
189. Sanderson, D. C. W., and Clark, R. J. (1994). Pulsed photostimulated luminescence of alkali feldspars. Radiation Measurements 23: 633-639.
190. Sanzelle, S., Faïn, J., Miallier, D., Montret, M., and Pilleyre, Th. (1993). Exponential regressions for TL/ESR using regenerated dose response curves. Ancient TL 11: 6-13.
191. Schiffer, M. B. (1986). Radiocarbon dating and the "old wood" problem: The case of the Hohokam chronology. Journal of Archaeological Science 13: 13-30.
192. Seising, L., and Mejdahl, V. (1994). Aeolian stratigraphy and thermoluminescence dating of sediments of late Holocene age from Sola, southwest Norway. Boreas 23: 92-104.
193. Sharer, R. J., and Grove, D. C. (eds.) (1989). Regional Perspectives on the Olmec, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
194. Short, M. A., and Huntley, D. J. (1992). Infrared stimulation of quartz. Ancient TL 10: 19-21.
195. Smith, B. W., and Rhodes, E. J. (1994). Charge movements in quartz and their relevance to optical dating. Radiation Measurements 23: 329-333.
196. Smith, B. W., Aitken, M. J., Rhodes, E. J., Robinson, P. D., and Geldard, D. M. (1986). Optical dating: Methodological aspects. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 17: 229-233.
197. Spooner, N. A. (1994a). The anomalous fading of infrared-luminescence from feldspars. Radiation Measurements 23: 625-632.
198. Spooner, N. A. (1994b). On the optical dating signal from quartz. Radiation Measurements 23: 593-600.
199. Spooner, N. A., Prescott, J. R., and Hutton, J. T (1988). The effect of illumination wavelength on the bleaching of the thermoluminescence (TL) of quartz. Quaternary Science Reviews 7: 325-329.
200. Stein, J. K. (1995). Rethinking the arbitrary and natural unit of excavation: A stratigraphie alternative. Paper presented at the 60th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Minneapolis.
201. Steponaitis, V E (1983). Ceramics, Chronology, and Community Patterns: An Archaeological Study at Moundvule, Academic Press, New York.
202. Stokes, S. (1992). Optical dating of young (modern) sediments using
203. Stokes, S. (1996). Further comparisons of quartz OSL additive dose palaeodoses generated using long and short duration pre-heats. Ancient TL 14: 1-3.
204. Stoneham, D. (1991). Authenticity dating. In Goksu, H. Y., Oberhofer, M., and Regulla, D. (eds.), Scientific Dating Methods, Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, pp. 175-192.
205. Stoneham, D., and Stokes, S. (1991). An investigation of the relationship between the 110°C TL peak and optically stimulated luminescence in sedimentary quartz. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 18: 119-123.
206. Sunta, C. M., Yoshimura, E. M., and Okuno, E. (1994). Supralinearity and serialization factors in thermoluminescence. Radiation Measurements 23: 655-666.
207. Tanner, A. B. (1964). Radon migration in the ground. In Adams, J. A. S., and Lowder, W. M. (eds.), The Natural Radiation Environment, University of Chicago Press, pp. 161-190.
208. Templer, R. H. (1986). The localized transition model of anomalous fading. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 17: 493-497.
209. Templer, R. H. (1993). Auto-regenerative thermoluminescence dating using zircon inclusions. Archaeometry 35: 117-136.
210. Tite, M. S. (1991). Archaeological science-Past achievements and future prospects. Archaeometry 33: 139-151.
211. Townsend, P. D., and Kirsh, Y. (1989). Spectral measurement during thermoluminescence-An essential requirement. Contemporary Physics 30: 337-354.
212. Townsend, P. D., Rendell, H. M., and Luff, B. J. (1993). High sensitivity TL spectra of quartz and feldspar. Ancient TL 11: 36-39.
213. Tso, M.-Y. W., and Li S.-H. (1994). Equivalent dose estimation for pottery by single disc regeneration method. Radiation Measurements 23: 451-454.
214. Valladas, H. (1978). Thermoluminescence dating of burnt stones from a prehistoric site. PACT 2: 180-183.
215. Valladas, H. (1992). Thermoluminescence dating of flint. Quaternary Science Reviews 11: 1-5.
216. Visocekas, R. (1985). Tunneling radiative recombination in labradorite: Its association with anomalous fading of thermoluminescence. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 10: 521-529.
217. Visocekas, R., Spooner, N. A., Zink, A., and Blanc, P. (1994). Tunnel afterglow, fading and infrared emission in thermoluminescence of feldspars. Radiation Measurements 23: 377-385.
218. Webb, W. S., and DeJarnette, D. L. (1942). An Archaeological Survey of Pickwick Basin in the Adjacent Portions of the States of Alabama, Mississippi, and Tennessee, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 129.
219. Welch, R D. (1994). The occupational history of the Bessimer site. Southeastern Archaeology 13: 1-26.
220. Wintle, A. G. (1975). Thermal quenching of thermoluminescence in quartz. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 41: 107-113.
221. Wintle, A. G. (1990). A review of current research on TL dating of loess. Quaternary Science Reviews 9: 385-397.
222. Wintle, A. G. (1993). Recent developments in optical dating of sediments. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 47: 627-635.
223. Wintle, A. G. (1994). Infrared-stimulated luminescence dating of sediments. Radiation Measurements 23: 607-612.
224. Wintle, A. G., and Duller, G. A. T (1991). The effect of optical absorption on luminescence dating. Ancient TL 9: 37-39.
225. Wintle, A. G., and Huntley, D. J. (1979). Thermoluminescence dating of a deep-sea ocean core. Nature 279: 710-712.
226. Wintle, A. G., and Huntley, D. J. (1980). Thermoluminescence dating of ocean sediments. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 17: 348-360.
227. Wintle, A. G., and Huntley, D. I. (1982). Thermoluminescence dating of sediments. Quaternary Science Reviews 1: 31-53.
228. Wintle, A. G., Li, S. H., and Botha, G. A. (1993). Luminescence dating of colluvial deposits from Natal, South Africa. South African Journal of Science 89: 77-82.
229. Wintle, A. G., Botha, G. A., Li, S.-H., and Vogel, J. C. (1995). A chronological framework for colluviation during the last 110 kyr in KwaZulu/Natal. South African Journal of Science 91: 134-139.
230. Woithe, J. M., and Prescott, J. R. (1995). "Efficiencies" of phosphor screens used in thick source alpha particle counting. Ancient TL 13: 10-15.
231. Xie, J., and Aitken, M. J. (1991). The hypothesis of midterm fading and its trial on Chinese loess. Ancient TL 9: 21-25.
232. Zhou, L. E, and Wintle, A. G. (1994). Sensitivity change of thermoluminescence signals after laboratory optical bleaching: Experiments with loess fine grains. Quaternary Geochronology 13: 457-463.
233. Zimmerman, D. W. (1967). Thermoluminescence from fine grains from ancient pottery. Archaeometry 10: 26-28.
234. Zimmerman, J. (1971). The radiation-induced increase of thermoluminescence sensitivity of fired quartz. Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics 4: 3277-3291.