Isotopic fractionation by plasma processes

Space Science Reviews

Volumn 106, Issue 1-4, 2003, Pages 305-316

  Kallenbach, Reinald ^a  

^a INTERNATIONAL SPACE SCIENCE INSTITUTE   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARGON; ELEMENT; ISOTOPE; NEON; NITROGEN; OXYGEN;

ACCELERATION; ASTRONOMY; ATOM; CONFERENCE PAPER; ENERGY; EVOLUTION; FRACTIONATION; MASS; SUN; SURFACE CHARGE; WIND;

EID: 0038785933     PISSN: 00386308     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1024606225005     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (79)

1. Aellig, M.R., Hefti, S., Grünwaldt, H., Bochsler, P., Wurz, P., Ipavich, F.M., and Hovestadt, D.: 1999, 'The Fe/O Elemental Abundance Ratio in the Solar Wind as Observed with SOHO/CELIAS/CTOF', J. Geophys. Res. 104, 24769-24780.
2. Anders, E., and Grevesse, N.: 1989, 'Abundances of the Elements - Meteoritic and Solar', Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 53, 197-214.
3. Bamert, K., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R.F., Kallenbach, R., Hilchenbach, M., Klecker, B., Bogdanov, A., and Wurz, P.: 2002, 'Origin of the May 1998 Suprathermal Particles: SOHO/CELIAS/(H)STOF Results, J. Geophys. Res. 107, 10129-10144.
4. Benkert, J.-P., Baur, H., Signer, P., and Wieler, R.: 1993, 'He, Ne, and Ar from the Solar Wind and Solar Energetic Particles in Lunar Ilmenites and Pyroxenes', J. Geophys. Res. 98, 13147-13162.
5. Bochsler, P., and Kallenbach, R.: 1994, 'Fractionation of N Isotopes in SEPs', Meteorit. 29, 653-658.
6. Bochsler, P.: 2000, 'Abundances and Charge States of Particles in the Solar Wind', Rev. Geophys. 38, 247-266.
7. Bochsler, P., Geiss, J., and Joos, R.: 1985, 'Kinetic Temperatures of Heavy Ions in the Solar Wind', J. Geophys. Res. 90, 10779-10789.
8. Bochsler, P., Gonin, M., Sheldon, R.B., Zurbuchen, T., Gloeckler, G., Hamilton, D.C., Collier, M.R., and Hovestadt, D.: 1996, 'Abundance of Solar Wind Magnesium Isotopes Determined with WIND/MASS', in: D. Winterhalter et al. (eds.), Proc. 8th Solar Wind Conf., AIP 382, 199-202.
9. Bodmer, R., and Bochsler, P.: 2000, 'Influence of Coulomb Collisions on Isotopic and Elemental Fractionation in the Solar Wind Acceleration Process', J. Geophys. Res. 105, 47-60.
10. Breneman, H.H., and Stone, E.C.: 1985, 'Solar Coronal and Photospheric Abundances from Solar Energetic Particle Measurements', Astrophys. J. 299, L57-L61.
11. Bürgi, A., and Geiss, J.: 1986, 'Helium and Minor Ions in the Corona and Solar Wind - Dynamics and Charge States', Sol. Phys. 103, 347-383.
12. Collier, M.R., Hamilton, D.C., Gloeckler, G., Ho, G., Bochsler, P., Bodmer, R., and Sheldon, R.: 1998, 'Oxygen 16 to Oxygen 18 Abundance Ratio in the Solar Wind Observed by Wind/MASS', J. Geophys. Res. 103, 7-14.
13. Cranmer, S.R.: 2000, 'Ion Cyclotron Wave Dissipation in the Solar Corona: The Summed Effect of more than 2000 Ion Species', Astrophys. J. 532, 1197-1208, and references therein.
14. Dwyer, J.R., Mason, G.M., Mazur, J.E., Gold, R.E., Krimigis, S.M., Möbius, E., and Popecki, M.: 2001, 'Isotopic Composition of Solar Energetic Particle Events Measured by Advanced Composition Explorer/ULEIS', Astrophys. J. 563, 403-409.
15. Fisk, L.A.: 1978, 'He-3-rich Flares - A Possible Explanation', Astrophys. J. 224, 1048-1055.
16. Fisk, L.A., Kozlovsky, B., and Ramaty, R.: 1974, 'An Interpretation of the Observed Oxygen and Nitrogen Enhancements in Low-Energy Cosmic Rays', Astrophys. J. 190, L35-L38.
17. Fisk, L.A., Schwadron, N.A., and Zurbuchen, T.H.: 1998, 'On the Slow Solar Wind', Space Sci. Rev. 86, 51-60.
18. Forman, M.A., and Webb, G.M.: 1985, 'Acceleration of Energetic Particles', in: R.G. Stone and B.T. Tsurutani (eds.), Collisionless Shocks in the Heliosphere: A Tutorial Review, AGU Press, Washington, pp. 91-114.
19. 14N Isotopic Ratio', Icarus 143, 223-243.
20. Geiss, J., and Bochsler, P.: 1982, 'N Isotopes in the Solar System, Geoch. Cosm. Acta 46, 529-548.
21. Geiss, J., and Gloeckler, G.: 2003, 'Protosolar Isotope Abundances of H, He, and Ne', this volume.
22. Geiss, J., Hirt, P., and Leutwyler, F.: 1970, 'On Acceleration and Motion of Ions in Corona and Solar Wind', Sol. Phys. 12, 458-483.
23. Geiss, J., Bühler, F., Cerutti, H., Eberhardt, P., and Filleux, C.: 1972, 'Solar Wind Composition Experiment', NASA SP 315, 14.1.
24. + Pick-up Ions in the Heliosphere and their Origin', J. Geophys. Res. 100, 23373-23377.
25. Gloeckler, G., and Geiss, J.: 1998, 'Measurement of the Abundance of Helium-3 in the Sun and in the Local Interstellar Cloud with SWICS on ULYSSES', Space Sci. Rev. 84, 275-284.
26. Gloeckler, G., Geiss, J., Roelof, E.C., Fisk, L.A., Ipavich, F.M., Ogilvie, K.W., Lanzerotti, L.J., von Steiger, R., and Wilken, B.: 1994, 'Acceleration of Interstellar Pickup Ions in the Disturbed Solar Wind Observed on Ulysses', J. Geophys. Res. 99, 17637-17643.
27. Gloeckler, G., Geiss, J., Schwadron, N.A., Fisk, L.A., Zurbuchen, T.H., Ipavich, F.M., von Steiger, R., Balsiger, H., and Wilken, B.: 2000, 'Interception of Comet Hyakutake's Ion Tail at a Distance of 500 Million Kilometers', Nature 404, 576-578.
28. Grünwaldt, H., et al.: 1997, 'Venus Tail Ray Observation Near Earth', Geophys. Res. Lett. 24, 1163.
29. Hashizume, K., Chaussidon, M., and Marty, B.: 2000, 'N Isotope Analyses of Lunar Regolith Using an Ion Microprobe; in Search of the Solar Wind Component', 31st Lun. Planet. Sci. Conf., #1565.
30. Heber, V.S., Baur, H., and Wieler, R.: 2001, 'Is There Evidence for a Secular Variation of Helium Isotopic Composition in the Solar Wind?', Met. Planet. Sci. 36, A76.
31. Hefti, et al.: 1998, 'Kinetic Properties of Solar Wind Minor Ions and Protons Measured with SOHO/CELIAS', J. Geophys. Res. 103, 29697-29704.
32. Hilchenbach, M., Hovestadt, D., Klecker, B., and Möbius, E.: 1991, 'Detection of Singly Ionized Energetic Lunar Pick-up Ions Upstream of Earth's Bow Shock', Solar Wind VII, 349-355.
33. Hovestadt, D., et al.: 1995, 'Charge, Element, and Isotope Analysis System onboard SOHO', Sol. Phys. 162, 441-481.
34. 4He from Solar Flares', Astrophys. J. 162, L191-L194.
35. Ipavich, F.M., Paquette, J.A., Bochsler, P., Lasley, S.E., and Wurz, P.: 2001, 'Solar Wind Iron Isotopic Abundances: Results from SOHO/CELIAS/MTOF', AIP Conf. Proc. 598, 121-126.
36. 34S Ratios in Comet Hale-Bopp (C/1995 O1)', Science 278, 90.
37. Kallenbach, R., et al.: 1997, 'Isotopic Composition of Solar Wind Ne Measured by CELIAS/MTOF on Board SOHO', J. Geophys. Res. 102, 26895-26904.
38. Kallenbach, R., et al.: 1998a, 'Limits on the Fractionation of Isotopes in the Solar Wind as Observed with SOHO/CELIAS/MTOF, Proc. 31st ESLAB Symp., 22-25 Sept. 1997, ESA SP 415, 33-38.
39. Kallenbach, R., Geiss, J., Ipavich, F.M., Gloeckler, G., Bochsler, P., Gliem, F., Hefti, S., Hilchenbach, M., and Hovestadt, D.: 1998b, 'Isotopic Composition of Solar Wind N: First In Situ Determination with the CELIAS/MTOF Spectrometer on board SOHO', Astrophys. J. 507, L185-L188.
40. Kallenbach, R.: 2000, Isotopic Composition of the Solar Wind, Habilitationsschrift, Univ. of Bern.
41. Kallenbach, R.: 2001, 'Isotopic Composition Measured In-Situ in Different Solar Wind Regimes by CELIAS/MTOF on board SOHO', in R.F. Wimmer-Schweingruber (ed.), Solar and Galactic Composition, AIP Conf. Proc. 598, 113-119.
42. Kallenbach, R.: 2002, 'Charge-to-mass Fractionation in SEPs', Adv. Space Res. 30, 91-96.
43. Kim, J.S., Kim, Y., Marti, K., and Kerridge, J.F.: 1995, 'Nitrogen Isotope Abundances in the Recent Solar Wind', Nature 375, 383.
44. Kucharek, et al.: 1998, 'Magnesium Isotopic Composition as Observed with the CELIAS/MTOF Experiment on the SOHO Spacecraft', J. Geophys. Res. 103, 26805-26812.
45. Kucharek, H., Ipavich, F.M., Kallenbach, R., Klecker, B., Grünwaldt, H., Aellig, M.R., and Bochsler, P.: 2001, 'Isotopic Fractionation in Slow and Coronal Hole Associated Solar Wind', Proc. 203rd IAUS Symp., 562.
46. Kung, C.C., and Clayton, R.N.: 1978, 'Nitrogen Abundances and Isotopic Compositions in Stony Meteorites', Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 38, 421-435.
47. Lee, M.A.: 1997, 'Particle Acceleration and Transport at CME-driven Shocks', in N.U. Crooker, J.A. Joselyn, and J. Feynman (eds.), Coronal Mass Ejections, AGU Press, pp. 227-234.
48. Lee, M.A.: 2000, 'Acceleration of Energetic Particles on the Sun, in the Heliosphere, and in the Galaxy', in R.A. Mewaldt et al. (eds.), Acceleration and Transport of Energetic Particles Observed in the Heliosphere: ACE 2000 Symposium, AIP press, pp. 3-18.
49. Leske, R.A., Cohen, C.M.S., Cummings, A.C., Mewaldt, R.A., Stone, E.C., Dougherty, B.L., Wiedenbeck, M.E., Christian, E.R., and von Rosenvinge, T.T.: 1999, 'Unusual Isotopic Composition of SEPs Observed in the November 6, 1997, Event', Geophys. Res. Lett. 26, 153-156.
50. Leske, R.A., Mewaldt, R.A., Cohen, C.M.S., Christian, E.R., Cummings, A.C., Slocum, P.L., Stone, E.C., von Rosenvinge, T.T., and Wiedenbeck, M.E.: 2001, 'Isotopic Abundances in the Solar Corona as Inferred from ACE Measurements of SEPs', AIP Conf. Proc. 598, 127-132.
51. Marty, B., Hashizume, K., Chaussidon, M., and Wieler, R.: 2003, 'Nitrogen Isotopes on the Moon: Archives of the Solar and Planetary Contributions to the Inner Solar System', this volume.
52. Mason, G.M.: 2001, 'Heliospheric Lessons for Galactic Cosmic-ray Acceleration', Space Sci. Rev. 99, 119-133.
53. 3He Enhancements in Large Solar Energetic Particle Events', Astrophys. J. 525, L133-L136.
54. 3He-rich Solar Particle Events', Astrophys. J. 565, L51-L54.
55. Mewaldt, R.A., Ogliore, R.C., Gloeckler, G., and Mason, G.M.: 2001, 'A New Look at Neon-C and SEP-Neon', AIP Conf. Proc. 598, 393-398.
56. Möbius, E., Scholer, M., Hovestadt, D., Klecker, B., and Gloeckler, G.: 1982, 'Comparison of Helium and Heavy Ion Spectra in He-3-rich Solar Flares with Model Calculations Based on Stochastic Fermi Acceleration in Alfvén Turbulence', Astrophys. J. 259, 397-410.
57. Möbius, E., Hovestadt, D., Klecker, B., Glocckler, G., and Ipavich, F.M.: 1985, 'Direct Observation of He(+) Pick-up Ions of Interstellar Origin in the Solar Wind', Nature 318, 426-429.
58. Owen, T., Mahaffy, P.R., Niemann, H.B., Atreya, S., and Wong, M.: 2001, 'Protosolar Nitrogen', Astrophys. J. 553, L77-L79.
59. 3He in Impulsive Flares by Electron Firehose Waves', Astrophys. J., in press.
60. Palma, R.L., Becker, R.H., Pepin, R.O., and Schlutter, D.J.: 2002, 'Irradiation Records in Regolith Materials, II: Solar-wind and Solar-energetic-particle Components in He, Ne, and Ar Extracted from Single Lunar Mineral Grains and from the Kapoeta Howardite by Stepwise Pulse-heating', Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, in press.
61. Pepin, R.O.: 2000, 'On the Isotopic Composition of Primordial Xenon in Terrestrial Planet Atmospheres', Space Sci. Rev. 92, 371-395.
62. Priest, E.R.: 1982, Solar Magneto-Hydromagnetics, Geophys. Astrophys. Monogr. 21, 118.
63. Raymond, J.C., et al.: 1997, 'Composition of Coronal Streamers from the SOHO Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer', Sol. Phys. 175, 645-665.
64. Reames, D.V.: 1999, 'Particle Acceleration at the Sun and in the Heliosphere', Space Sci. Rev. 90, 413-491.
65. Reames, D.V., Ng, C.K., and Tylka, A.J.: 2000, 'Initial Time Dependence of Abundances in Solar Energetic Particle Events', Astrophys. J. 531, L83-L86.
66. Schwadron, N.A., Fisk, L.A., and Gloeckler, G.: 1996, 'Statistical Acceleration of Interstellar Pick-up Ions in Corotating Interaction Regions', Geophys. Res. Lett. 23, 2871-2874.
67. ⊙, Astrophys. J. 484, 472-478, 1997.
68. Sugiura, N., Kiyota, K., and Hashizume, K.: 1998, 'Nitrogen Components in Primitive Ordinary Chondrites', Met. Planet. Sci. 33, 463-482, and references therein.
69. Temerin, M., and Roth, I.: 1992, 'The Production of He-3 and Heavy Ion Enrichment in He-3-rich Flares by Electromagnetic Hydrogen Cyclotron Waves', Astrophys. J. 391, L105-L108.
70. Tylka, A.J., Cohen, C.M.S., Dietrich, W.F., Maclennan, C.G., McGuire, R.E., Ng, C.K., and Reames, D.V.: 2001, 'Evidence for Remnant Flare Suprathermals in the Source Population of Solar Energetic Particles in the 2000 Bastille Day Event', Astrophys. J. 558, L59-L63.
71. von Steiger, R., and Geiss, J.: 1989, 'Supply of Fractionated Gases to the Corona', Astron. Astrophys. 225, 222-238.
72. von Steiger, R., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R.F., Geiss, J., and Gloeckler, G.: 1995, 'Abundance Variations in the Solar Wind', Adv. Space Res. 15, (7)3-(7)12.
73. von Steiger, R., Schwadron, N.A., Fisk, L.A., Geiss, J., Gloeckler, G., Hefti, S., Wilken, B., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R.F., and Zurbuchen, T.H.: 2000, 'Composition of Quasi-stationary Solar Wind Flows from SWICS/ULYSSES', J. Geophys. Res. 105, 27217-27238.
74. 38Ar Isotopic Abundance Ratio of the Solar Wind Using SOHO/CELIAS/MTOF', Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 65, 4589-4596.
75. Wieler, R.: 1997, 'Why are SEP Noble Gases So Abundant in Extraterrestrial Samples?', Proc. 28th Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf., March 17-21, 1997, Houston, TX, p. 1551.
76. Wimmer-Schweingruber, R.F., and Bochsler, P.: 2001, 'Lunar Soils: A Long-Term Archive for the Galactic Environment of the Heliosphere?', AIP Conf. Proc. 598, 399-404.
77. Wimmer-Schweingruber, R.F., Bochsler, P., Gloeckler, G., Ipavich, F.M., Geiss, J., Kallenbach, R., Fisk, L.A., Hefti, S., and Zurbuchen, T.H.: 1999, 'On the Bulk Isotopic Composition of Mg and Si during the May 1998 CME: ACE/SWIMS, Geophys. Res. Lett. 26, 165-168.
78. Wimmer-Schweingruber, R.F., Bochsler, P., and Gloeckler, G.: 2001, 'The Isotopic Composition of Oxygen in the Fast Solar Wind: ACE/SWIMS', Geophys. Res. Lett. 28, 2763-2766.
79. Zurbuchen, T.H., Fisk, L.A., Gloeckler, G., and Schwadron, N.A.: 1998, 'Element and Isotopic Fractionation in Closed Magnetic Structures', Space Sci. Rev. 85, 397-406.