Cultural differences in emotions: A context for interpreting emotional experiences

Behaviour Research and Therapy

Volumn 41, Issue 7, 2003, Pages 777-793

  Mesquita, B ^a   Walker, R ^a  

^a WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Appraisal; Behavior; Culture; Emotion; Emotional disturbance; Functionality

Indexed keywords

BEHAVIOR DISORDER; CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY; EMOTION; MENTAL DISEASE; PREVALENCE; REVIEW; SOCIAL ADAPTATION; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION;

EID: 0038779419     PISSN: 00057967     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0005-7967(02)00189-4     Document Type: Review

References (82)

1. Abu-Lughod L. Veiled sentiments. 1986;University of California Press, Berkeley.
2. Anderson M.N., Kanyana M. Derriere les "gris-gris", un univers africain...divin. Behind the charm, an African universe of gods Regards Africains. 38:1996;20-22.
3. Berenbaum H., Raghavan C., Le H.-N., Vernon L., Gomez J. Disturbances in emotion. Kahneman D., Diener E., Schwartz N. Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology. 1999;267-287 Russell Sage Foundation, New York.
4. Briggs J.L. Never in anger: Portrait of an Eskimo family. 1970;Harved University Press, Cambridge, MA.
5. Bruner J. Actual minds, possible worlds. 1986;Plenum Press, New York.
6. Cohen D. Law, social policy, and violence: the impact of regional cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 70:(5):1996;961-978.
7. Cohen D. "When you call me that, smile!" How norms for politeness, interaction styles, and aggression work together in Southern culture. Social Psychology Quarterly. 62:(3):1999;257-275.
8. Cohen D. Cultural variation: considerations and implications. Psychological Bulletin. 127:(4):2001;451-471.
9. Cohen D., Nisbett R.E. Self-protection and the culture of honor: explaining southern violence. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 20:(5):1994;551-567.
10. Cohen D., Nisbett R.E. Field experiments examining the culture of honor: the role of institutions in perpetuating norms about violence. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 23:(11):1997;1188-1199.
11. Cohen D., Nisbett R.E., Bowdle B.F., Schwarz N. Insult, aggression, and the southern culture of honor: an experimental ethnography. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 70:(5):1996;945-960.
12. Condon J.C. Good neighbors: Communicating with the Mexicans. 1985;Intercultural Press Inc. Yarmouth, ME.
13. D'Andrade R.G. A folk model of the mind. Holland D., Quinn N. Cultural models in language and thought. 1987;112-149 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, London.
14. Ekman P., Friesen W.V., O'Sullivan M., Chan A., Diacoyanni-Tarlatzis I., Heider K., Krause R., LeCompte W.A., Pitcairn T., Ricci-Bitti P.E., Scherer K.R., Tomita M., Tzavaras A. Universals and cultural differences in the judgements of facial expressions of emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 53:(4):1987;712-717.
15. Elliott A., Chirkov V., Kim Y., Sheldon K. A cross-cultural analysis of avoidance (relative to approach) personal goals. Psychological Science. 12:2001;505-510.
16. Ellsworth P.C. Sense,culture, and sensibility. Kitayama S., Markus H.R. Emotion and culture: Empirical studies of mutual influence. 1994;American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.
17. Feldman Barrett L. The future of emotion research. Affect Scientist. 12:1998;6-8.
18. Feldman Barrett L. The act of feeling: A theory of emotional experience. 2001;Boston College, Boston.
19. Feldman Barrett L., Russell J.A. Independence and bipolarity in the structure of current affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 74:1998;967-984.
20. Feldman Barrett L., Russell J.A. The structure of current affect: controversies and emerging consensus. Current Directions in Psychological Science. 8:(1):1999;10-14.
21. Fiske A.P., Kitayama S., Markus H.R., Nisbett R.E. The cultural matrix of social psychology. Gilbert D.T., Fiske S.T. The handbook of social psychology. Vol. 2:1998;915-981 McGraw-Hill, New York.
22. Frijda N.H. The emotions. 1986;Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
23. Heelas P. Emotions across cultures: objectivity and cultural divergence. Brown S.C. Objectivity and cultural divergence. 1984;21-42 University Press, Cambridge.
24. Heine S.J., Kitayama S., Lehman D.R., Takata T., Ide E., Leung K., Matsumoto D. Divergent consequences of success and failure in Japan and North America: an investigation of self-improving motivations and malleable selves. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 81:(4):2001;599-615.
25. Heine S.J., Lehman D.R., Markus H.R., Kitayama S. Is there a universal need for positive self-regard. Psychological Review. 106:(4):1999;766-794.
26. Higgins E., Shah J., Friedman R.J. Emotional responses to goal attainment: strength of regulatory focus as a moderator. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 72:1997;515-525.
27. Hochschild J.L. What is the American dream. Hochschild J.L. Facing up to the American dream: Race, class and the soul of the nation. 1995;15-38 Princeton University Press, Princeton.
28. Hofstede G. Culture's consequences. Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations. 2001;Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA.
29. Idzelis M., Mesquita B., Karasawa M., Hayashi A. Cultural differences in emotional coping: American and Japanese responses to offense. Paper presented at the third annual meeting of the society for personality and social psychology, Savannah, Ga. 2002.
30. Izard C.E. Innate and universal facial expressions: evidence from developmental and cross-cultural research. Psychological Bulletin. 115:1994;288-299.
31. Jenkins J.H. Culture, emotion, and psychopathology. Kitayama S., Markus H.R. Emotion and culture. 1994;American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.
32. Jenkins J.H. Culture, emotion, and PTSD. Marsella A.J., Friedman M.J., Gerrity E.T., Scurfield R.M. Ethnocultural aspects of posttraumatic stress disorder. 1996;165-182 American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.
33. Karasawa M. Nihonnjinnni okeru jitano ninnshiki: Jikohihan baiasuto tasyakouyou baiasu. A Japanese mode of self-making: self criticism and other enhancement Japanese Journal of Psychology. 72:(4):2001;198-209.
34. Kitayama S., Markus H.R. Emotion and culture: Empirical studies of mutual influence. 1994;American Pscyhological Association, Washington, DC.
35. Kitayama S., Markus H.R. Yin and yang of the Japanese self: the cultural psychology of personality coherence. Cervone D., Shoda Y. The coherence of personality, social cognitive basis of personality consistency, variability and organization. 1999;242-302 Guilford Press, New York.
36. Kitayama S., Markus H.R., Kurokawa M. Culture, emotion, and well-being: good feelings in Japan and the United States. Cognition and Emotion. 14:(1):2000;93-124.
37. Kitayama S., Matsumoto D., Markus H.R., Norasakkunkit V. Individual and collective processes in the construction of the self: self-enhancement in the US and self-criticism in Japan. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 72:(6):1997;1245-1267.
38. Kring A.M. Emotion and psychopathology. Mayne T.J., Bonanno G.A. Emotions. 2001;337-360 Guilford Press, New York.
39. Lang A. What are the data of emotion? Hamilton V., Bower G.H., Frijda N.H. D ed. Cognitive perspectives on emotion and motivation. Vol. 44:1988;173-191 Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
40. Lebra T.S. Self in Japanese culture. Rosenberger N.E. Japanese sense of self. 1992;Oxford University Press, New York.
41. Lee A.Y., Aaker J.L., Gardner W.L. The pleasures and pains of distinct self-construals: the role of interdependence in regulatory focus. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 78:(6):2000;1122-1134.
42. Levy R.I. Tahitians: Mind and experience in the Society Islands. 1973;University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
43. Lewis C.C. Educating hearts and minds. 1995;Cambridge Press, New York.
44. Lutz C. Goals, events, and understanding in Ifaluk emotion theory. Quinn N., Holland D. Cultural models in language and thought. 1987;Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
45. Lutz C. Ethnographic perspectives on the emotion lexicon. Hamilton V.e.a. Cognitive perspectives on emotion and motivation. 1988;399-419 Kluwer Academic publishers, Dordrecht.
46. Markus H.R., Kitayama S. Culture and self: implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review. 98:(2):1991;224-253.
47. Markus H.R., Kitayama S., Heiman R. Culture and "basic" psychological principles. Higgins E., Kruglanski A.W. Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles. 1996;857-913 Guilford Press, New York.
48. Markus H.R., Mullally P.R., Kitayama S. Selfways: Diversity in modes of cultural participation. Neisser U., Jopling D.A. The conceptual self in context: Culture, experience, self-understanding. 1997;13-61 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
49. Matsumoto D., Kudoh T., Scherer K.R., Wallbott H. Antecedents of and reactions to emotions in the United States and Japan. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 19:(3):1988;267-286.
50. Mauro R., Sato K., Tucker J. The role of appraisal in human emotions: A cross-cultural study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 62:(2):1992;301-317.
51. Mesquita B. Culture and emotion. Different approaches to the question. Mayne T.J., Bonanno G.A. Emotions. Current issues and future directions. 2001;214-250 Guilford Press, New York.
52. Mesquita, B. Emotions as dynamic cultural phenomena. In R. Davidson, H. Goldsmith, & P. Rozin (Eds.), The handbook of the affective sciences. New York: Oxford University Press, in press.
53. Mesquita B., Ellsworth P.C. The role of culture in appraisal. Scherer K.R., Schorr A. Appraisal processes in emotion: Theory, methods, research. 2001;233-248 Oxford University Press, New York.
54. Mesquita B., Frijda N.H. Cultural variations in emotions: a review. Psychological Bulletin. 112:(2):1992;179-204.
55. Mesquita B., Frijda N.H., Scherer K.R. Culture and emotion. Dasen P., Saraswathi T.S. Handbook of cross-cultural psychology. Vol. 2:1997;255-297 Allyn and Bacon, Boston.
56. Mesquita B., Karasawa M. Different emotional lives. Cognition and Emotion. 16:(1):2002;127-141.
57. Mesquita, B., Karasawa, M., & Chu, R. L. Predictors of pleasantness in three cultures: A comparison between the United States, Japan, and Taiwan. Winston-Salem: Wake Forest University, in preparation.
58. Mesquita, B., Karasawa, M., Haire, A., Izumi, S. The emotion process as a function of cultural models: A comparison between American, Mexican, and Japanese cultures, in preparation.
59. Mesquita, B., & Markus, H. R., Culture and emotion: models of agency as sources of cultural variation in emotion. In: N. H. Frijda, A. S. R. Manstead, & A. H. Fischer (Eds.), Feelings and emotions: The Amsterdam symposium, Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, in press.
60. Mesquita, B. G. d. (1993). Cultural variations in emotions. A comparative study of Dutch, Surainamese, and Turkish people in the Netherlands. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam.
61. Morling B., Kitayama S. Cultural differences in influencing the environment and adjusting to the environment: are there independent and collective styles of control. Paper presented at the third conference of the Asian association of social pyschology, Taipei, Taiwan. 1999.
62. Murthy R.S., Bertolote J.M., Epping-Jordan J., Funk M., Prentice T., Saraceno B., Saxena S. The World Health Report 2001: Mental health: new understanding, new hope. 2001;World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
63. Nisbett R.E., Peng K., Choi I., Norenzayan A. Culture and systems of thought: holistic vs analytic cognition. Psychological Review. 108:(2):2001;291-310.
64. Oettingen G., Little T.D., Lindenberger U., Baltes P.B. Causality, agency, control beliefs in East versus West Berlin children: a natural experiment on the role of context. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 66:(3):1994;579-595.
65. Offiong D.A. Witchcraft. 1991;Fourth Dimension Publishers, Enugu, Nigeria.
66. Oishi, S., & Diener, E. (2001). Culture and well-being: the cycle of action, evaluation, and decision. University of Minnesota, submitted for publication.
67. Peng K., Nisbett R.E. Culture, dialectics, and reasoning about contradiction. American Psychologist. 54:(9):1999;741-754.
68. Peristiany J.G. Honour and shame in a Cypriot highland. Peristiany J.G. Honour and shame: The values of mediterranean society. 1966;171-190 University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
69. Russell J.A. Pancultural aspects of the human conceptual organization of emotions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 45:(6):1983;1281-1288.
70. Sanchez-Burks J., Nisbett R.E., Ybarra O. Cultural styles, relational schemas, and prejudice against out-groups. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 79:(2):2000;174-189.
71. Scherer K.R. Emotion as a multicomponent process: a model and some cross-cultural data. Shaver P.R. Review of personality and social psychology. Vol. 5:1984;37-63 Sage, Beverly Hills, CA.
72. Scherer K.R. Profiles of emotion-antecedent appraisal: testing theoretical predictions across cultures. Cognition and Emotion. 11:1997;113-150.
73. Scherer K.R. The role of culture in emotion-antecedent appraisal. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 73:1997;902-922.
74. Scherer K.R., Matsumoto D., Wallbott H.G., Kudoh T. Emotional experience in cultural context: a comparison between Europe, Japan, and the US. Scherer K.R. Facets of emotions. 1988;5-30 Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
75. Scherer K.R., Schorr A., Johnston T. Appraisal processes in emotion. Theory, methods, research. 2001;Oxford University Press, New York.
76. Suh E., Diener E., Oishi S., Triandis H.C. The shifting basis of life satisfaction judgments across cultures: emotion versus norms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 74:1998;482-493.
77. Tanaka-Matsumi J., Draguns J.G. Culture and psychopathology. Berry J.W., Segall M.H., Kagitçibasi C. Handbook of cross-cultural psychology. Social behavior and applications. Vol 3:1997;449-491 Allyn and Bacon, Boston.
78. Triandis H.C., Marín G., Lisansky J., Betancourt H. Simpatia as a cultural script of Hispanics. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 47:1984;1363-1375.
79. Tsai J.L., Levenson R.W. Cultural influences on emotional responding: Chinese American and European American dating couples during the interpersonal conflict. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 28:1997;600-625.
80. Weisz J.R., Rothbaum F.M., Blackburn T.C. Standing out and standing in: the psychology of control in America and Japan. American Psychologist. 39:(9):1984;955-969.
81. Wierzbicka A. Defining emotion concepts. Cognitive Science. 16:1992;539-581.
82. Wooding C.J. Winti een Afroamerikaanse godsdienst in Suriname. Winti, an Afro-American religion in Surinam:1979;Krips Repro, The Netherlands.