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Drug abuse's smallest victims: In utero drug exposure
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Huestis MA, Choo RE. Drug abuse's smallest victims: in utero drug exposure. Forensic Sci Int 2002; 128:20-30. This paper presents a good summary of the impact of foetal drug exposure as well as a discussion of methods for detecting it.
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Forensic Sci Int
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Huestis, M.A.1
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Alcohol and pregnancy: Highlights from three decades of research
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Randall CL. Alcohol and pregnancy: highlights from three decades of research. J Stud Alcohol 2001; 62:554-561.
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J Stud Alcohol
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Randall, C.L.1
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Alcohol-related birth defects: Past, present, and future
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Warren KR, Foudin LL. Alcohol-related birth defects: past, present, and future. Alcohol Res Health 2001; 25:153-158.
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Alcohol Res Health
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Warren, K.R.1
Foudin, L.L.2
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0036196190
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Cannabis and cancer
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Hall W, MacPhee D. Cannabis and cancer. Addiction 2002; 97:243-247. This is a systematic review of the literature for the evidence supporting a link between cancer and cannabis use. There is not yet strong epidemiological research showing this, but it may be that the cohort has not yet reached the age at which the cancers emerge. The paper carefully discusses these issues.
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Addiction
, vol.97
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Hall, W.1
MacPhee, D.2
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7
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0036224233
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Prevention of alcohol-related deaths in middle-aged heavy drinkers
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Kristenson H, Osterling A, Nilsson JA, Lindgarde F. Prevention of alcohol-related deaths in middle-aged heavy drinkers. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2002; 28:478-484. This is an interesting study and causes reflection as to whether a raised γ-glutamyltransferase due to alcohol predicts premature mortality due to alcohol-related causes.
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Alcohol Clin Exp Res
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Kristenson, H.1
Osterling, A.2
Nilsson, J.A.3
Lindgarde, F.4
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Excess alcohol consumption and health outcomes: A 6-year follow-up of men over age 50 from the health and retirement study
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Perreira KM, Sloan FA. Excess alcohol consumption and health outcomes: a 6-year follow-up of men over age 50 from the health and retirement study. Addiction 2002; 97:301-310. This paper illustrates the importance of remaining balanced when considering the impact of alcohol on physical health. Problem drinkers were found to suffer an array of difficulties but not physical problems. This was a good study except that it did not define what was meant by a 'standard drink' (used to quantify consumption; e.g. 10 or 13 g alcohol).
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Addiction
, vol.97
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Perreira, K.M.1
Sloan, F.A.2
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Medical consequences of substance abuse
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Stein M. Medical consequences of substance abuse. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1999; 22:351-370.
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Psychiatr Clin North Am
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Stein, M.1
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Viruses and alcohol in the pathogenesis of primary hepatic carcinoma
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Inoue H, Seitz HK. Viruses and alcohol in the pathogenesis of primary hepatic carcinoma. Eur J Cancer Prev 2001; 10:107-110.
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Eur J Cancer Prev
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Inoue, H.1
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Excessive alcohol consumption favours high risk polyp or colorectal cancer occurrence among patients with adenomas: A case control study
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Bardou M, Montembault S, Giraud V, et al. Excessive alcohol consumption favours high risk polyp or colorectal cancer occurrence among patients with adenomas: a case control study. Gut 2002; 50:38-42.
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Gut
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Bardou, M.1
Montembault, S.2
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Alcohol abuse and the risk for pancreatic cancer
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Ye W, Lagergren J, Weiderpass E, et al. Alcohol abuse and the risk for pancreatic cancer. Gut 2002; 51:236-239.
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Gut
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Ye, W.1
Lagergren, J.2
Weiderpass, E.3
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Alcohol consumption and risk for congestive heart failure in the Framingham Heart Study
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Walsh CR, Larson MG, Evans JC, et al. Alcohol consumption and risk for congestive heart failure in the Framingham Heart Study. Ann Intern Med 2002; 136:181-191. The chief outcome of interest was cardiac failure, and multiple confounding variables were taken into account in the final analysis. This was a well executed prospective study confirming that alcohol does not worsen all medical conditions. The paper recognizes the shortcomings of the research.
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Ann Intern Med
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Walsh, C.R.1
Larson, M.G.2
Evans, J.C.3
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The effect of controlled drinking in alcoholic cardiomyopathy
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Nicolas JM, Fernandez-Sola J, Estruch R, et al. The effect of controlled drinking in alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Ann Intern Med 2002; 136:192-200. This was an interesting prospective design study that allowed comparisons of outcomes based on levels of intake of alcohol, although the original intention was for an abstinence goal.
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Ann Intern Med
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Nicolas, J.M.1
Fernandez-Sola, J.2
Estruch, R.3
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Alcohol and J-shaped curves
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Andreassen S. Alcohol and J-shaped curves. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1998; 22 (Suppl 7):359S-364S.
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Alcohol Clin Exp Res
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Andreassen, S.1
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Alcohol, host defence and society
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Nelson S, Kolls JK. Alcohol, host defence and society. Nat Rev 2002; 2:205-209. This describes in some detail how the immune system is affected by alcohol.
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Nat Rev
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Nelson, S.1
Kolls, J.K.2
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Marchiafava-Bignami disease: Cranial MRI and SPECT findings
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Celik Y, Kaya M, Sengun S, Utku U. Marchiafava-Bignami disease: cranial MRI and SPECT findings. Olin Neurol Neurosurg 2002; 104:339-341. A case study of this rare condition presenting with psychiatric symptoms is reported.
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Olin Neurol Neurosurg
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Celik, Y.1
Kaya, M.2
Sengun, S.3
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Microstructural but not macrostructural disruption of white matter in women with chronic alcoholism
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Pfefferbaum A, Sullivan E. Microstructural but not macrostructural disruption of white matter in women with chronic alcoholism. Neuroimage 2002; 15:708-718. A fascinating new technique was used to measure the microstructural properties of white matter. The technique is different from routine magnetic resonance imaging, which will only pick up macrostructural changes.
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Neuroimage
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Pfefferbaum, A.1
Sullivan, E.2
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Women and alcohol use disorders
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Greenfield SF. Women and alcohol use disorders. Harvard Rev Psychiatry 2002; 10:76-85. This is an excellent review divided into prevalence, sex-related physical effects, treatment service differences (USA) and recovery.
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Harvard Rev Psychiatry
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Greenfield, S.F.1
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A prospective study of mortality among drug misusers during a 4-year period after seeking treatment
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Gossop M, Stewart D, Treacy S, Marsden J. A prospective study of mortality among drug misusers during a 4-year period after seeking treatment. Addiction 2002; 97:39-47. This study investigated the causes of mortality in some detail and reminds us of the importance from the view of research of accurate reporting in death certificates.
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Addiction
, vol.97
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Gossop, M.1
Stewart, D.2
Treacy, S.3
Marsden, J.4
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Twenty-five year mortality of US servicemen deployed in Vietnam: Predictive utility of early drug use
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Price RK, Risk NK, Murray KS, et al. Twenty-five year mortality of US servicemen deployed in Vietnam: predictive utility of early drug use. Drug Alcohol Depend 2001; 64:309-318.
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Drug Alcohol Depend
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Price, R.K.1
Risk, N.K.2
Murray, K.S.3
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Current and former marijuana use: Preliminary findings of a longitudinal study of effects on IQ in young adults
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Fried P, Watkinson B, James D, Gray R. Current and former marijuana use: preliminary findings of a longitudinal study of effects on IQ in young adults. CMAJ 2002; 166:887-891. This was a well-designed longitudinal study that aimed to investigate whether cannabis retards IQ. The cohort had been followed since childhood, offering an excellent opportunity for this question to be examined.
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CMAJ
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Fried, P.1
Watkinson, B.2
James, D.3
Gray, R.4
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Cannabis cognition and residual confounding
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Pope HG. Cannabis cognition and residual confounding. JAMA 2002; 287:1172-1174. A well considered commentary on the difficulties of research in the area is presented.
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JAMA
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Pope, H.G.1
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Neurological complications of drug abuse: Pathophysiological mechanisms
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Neiman J, Haapaniwmi HM, Hillbom M. Neurological complications of drug abuse: pathophysiological mechanisms. Eur J Neurol 2000; 7:595-606.
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Eur J Neurol
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Neiman, J.1
Haapaniwmi, H.M.2
Hillbom, M.3
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0036606389
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Neuropsychological deficits and opiate abuse
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Davis PE, Liddiard H, McMillan TM. Neuropsychological deficits and opiate abuse. Drug Alcohol Depend 2002; 67:105-108. This is a compact paper that adds to the research looking at neuropsychological functioning of methadone maintenance patients. There is a useful discussion and reflection on some of the recent literature.
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Drug Alcohol Depend
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Davis, P.E.1
Liddiard, H.2
McMillan, T.M.3
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Cognitive impairment in methadone patients
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Mintzer MZ, Stitzer ML. Cognitive impairment in methadone patients. Drug Alcohol Depend 2002; 67:41-51.
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Drug Alcohol Depend
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Stitzer, M.L.2
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Methadone-related deaths and mortality rate during induction into methadone maintenance, New South Wales, 1996
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Zador DA, Sunjic SD. Methadone-related deaths and mortality rate during induction into methadone maintenance, New South Wales, 1996. Drug Alcohol Rev 2002; 21:131-136. All methadone-related deaths are reviewed, including patients not in methadone maintenance programmes. The results of this paper reinforce the importance of close regulation of this substance.
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Drug Alcohol Rev
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Zador, D.A.1
Sunjic, S.D.2
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Deaths involving buprenorphine: A compendium of French cases
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Kintz P. Deaths involving buprenorphine: a compendium of French cases. Forensic Sci Int 2001; 121:65-69.
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Forensic Sci Int
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Kintz, P.1
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The pharmacology and toxicology of 'ecstasy' (MDMA) and related drugs
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Kalant H. The pharmacology and toxicology of 'ecstasy' (MDMA) and related drugs. CMAJ 2001; 165:917-928.
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CMAJ
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Kalant, H.1
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Oral motor parafunctions among heavy drug addicts and their effects on signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders
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Winocur E, Gavish A, Volfin G, et al. Oral motor parafunctions among heavy drug addicts and their effects on signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders. J Orofacial Pain 2001; 15:56-63.
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J Orofacial Pain
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Winocur, E.1
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Intracerebral haemorrhage and drug abuse in young adults
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McEvoy AW, Kitchen ND, Thomas DG. Intracerebral haemorrhage and drug abuse in young adults. Br J Neurosurg 2000; 14:449-454.
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Br J Neurosurg
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McEvoy, A.W.1
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Thomas, D.G.3
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Cardiovascular effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
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Lester SJ, Baggott M, Welm S, et al. Cardiovascular effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 2000; 133:969-973.
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Ann Intern Med
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Lester, S.J.1
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Pennings EJM, Leccese AP, de Wolff FA. Effects of concurrent use of alcohol and cocaine. Addiction 2002; 97:773-783. A systematic literature review is presented.
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Addiction
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Pennings, E.J.M.1
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Mueller D, Gilden DH. Brown-Sequard syndrome after esophageal sclerotherapy and crack cocaine use. Neurology 2002; 58:1129-1130.
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Neurology
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The neurobehavioural consequences of petrol (gasoline) sniffing
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Cairney S, Maruff P, Burns C, Currie B. The neurobehavioural consequences of petrol (gasoline) sniffing. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2002; 26:81-89. A good review of the area is presented.
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Neurosci Biobehav Rev
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Cairney, S.1
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Preliminary evidence of reduced cognitive inhibition in methamphetamine-dependent individuals
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Salo R, Nordahl TE, Possin K, et al. Preliminary evidence of reduced cognitive inhibition in methamphetamine-dependent individuals. Psychiatry Res 2002; 111:65-74. This is an interesting paper, although the sample was small. Persons with other drug abuse were excluded so the confounding that often occurs in this area because of cannabis use did not occur.
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Psychiatry Res
, vol.111
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Salo, R.1
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Volkow ND, Chang L, Wang G-J, et al. Association of dopamine transporter reduction with psychomotor impairment in methamphetamine abusers. Am J Psychiatry 2001; 158:377-382.
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Am J Psychiatry
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Volkow ND, Chang L, Wang G-J, et al. Higher cortical and lower subcortical metabolism in detoxified methamphetamine abusers. Am J Psychiatry 2001; 158:383-389.
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Am J Psychiatry
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BMJ
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