Recommendations for return to sports following cervical spine injuries

Sports Medicine

Volumn 33, Issue 8, 2003, Pages 563-573

  Morganti, Christina ^a  

^a Orthoped/Sports Med Center LLC   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIOMECHANICS; CERVICAL SPINE INJURY; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DRUNKEN DRIVING; HUMAN; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK HERNIA; INTOXICATION; JOINT MOBILITY; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY; PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT; QUADRIPLEGIA; REVIEW; SPINE FUSION; SPINE INSTABILITY; SPINE STABILIZATION; SPORT; SPORT INJURY; STRENGTH; VERTEBRAL CANAL STENOSIS; WORK RESUMPTION;

EID: 0038690454     PISSN: 01121642     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00007256-200333080-00002     Document Type: Review

References (37)

1. Torg JS, Glasgow SG. Criteria for return to contact activities following cervical spine injury. Clin J Sport Med 1991; 1: 12-26
2. Cantu RC, Bailes JE, Wilberger JE. Guidelines for return to contact or collision sport after a cervical spine injury. Clin Sports Med 1998; 17 (1): 137-46
3. Watkins RG. Neck injuries in football players. Clin Sports Med 1986; 5 (2): 215-46
4. Bailes JE, Hadley MN, Quigley MR, et al. Management of athletic injuries of the cervical spine and spinal cord. Neurosurgery 1991; 29 (4): 491-7
5. Morganti CM, Sweeney CA, Alhanese SA, et al. Return to play after cervical spine injury. Spine 2001; 26 (10): 1131-6
6. Schneider RC. Serious and fatal neurosurgical football injuries. Clin Neurosurg 1966; 12: 226-36
7. Torg JS, Quedenfeld TC, Burstein A, et al. National football head and neck injury registry: report on cervical quadriplegia, 1971 to 1975. Am J Sports Med 1979; 7 (2): 127-32
8. Cantu RC, Mueller FO. Catastrophic spine injuries in football (1977-1989). J Spinal Disord 1990; 3 (3): 227-31
9. Tator CH, Ekong CE, Rowed DW, et al. Spinal injuries due to hockey. Can J Neurol Sci 1984; 11: 34-41
10. Christensen C. Fourth annual national gymnastics catastrophic injury report 1981-82: epidemiology, pathomechanics, and prevention of athletic injuries to the cervical spine. MSSE 1985; 17 (3): 295-303
11. Tator CH, Edmonds VE, New ML. Diving: a frequent and potentially preventable cause of spinal cord injury. CMAJ 1981; 124: 1323-4
12. Torg JS, Sennett B, Pavlov H, et al. Spear tackler's spine. Am J Sports Med 1993; 21 (5): 640-9
13. Torg JS, Vegso JJ, Sennett B, et al. The National Football Head and Neck Registry, 14 year report on cervical quadriplegia, 1971 through 1984. JAMA 1985; 254 (24): 3439-43
14. Torg JS, Das M. Trampoline-related quadriplegia: review of the literature and reflections on the American Academy of Pediatrics' position statement. Pediatrics 1984; 74 (5): 804-12
15. American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Accidents and Poison Prevention and Committee on Pediatric Aspects of Physical Fitness, Recreation, and Sports: trampolines II. Pediatrics 1981; 67 (3): 438-9
16. Clancy WG, Brand RC, Bergfeld JA. Upper trunk brachial plexus injuries in contact sports. Am J Sports Med 1977; 5: 209-16
17. Maroon JC. 'Burning hands' in football spinal cord injuries. JAMA 1977; 238 (19): 2049-51
18. Albright JP, Moses JM, Feldick HG. et al. Nonfatal cervical spine injuries in interscholastic football. JAMA 1976; 236 (11): 1243-5
19. Albright JP, Mcauley E, Martin RK, et al. Head and neck injuries in college football: an eight-year analysis. Am J Sports Med 1985; 13 (3): 147-52
20. Bernhardt M, White AA, Panjabi MM. Biomechanical considerations of spinal stability. In: Herkowitz HN, Eismont FJ. Garfin SR, et al., editors. Rothman-Simeone, the spine. 4th ed. Philadelphia (PA): WB Saunders, 1999: 1071-77
21. Torg JS, Vegso JJ, O'Neill MJ, et al. The Epidemiologic, pathologic, biomechanical, and cinematographic analysis of football-induced cervical spine trauma. Am J Sports Med 1990; 18 (1): 50-7
22. White AA, Johnson RM, Panjabi MM, et al. Biomechanical analysis of clinical stability in the cervical spine. Clin Orthop 1975; 109: 85-96
23. Allen BL, Ferguson RL, Lehmann TR, et al. A mechanistic classification of closed, indirect fractures and dislocations of the lower cervical spine. Spine 1982; 7 (1): 1-27
24. Webb JK, Broughton RBK, McSweeney T, et al. Hidden flexion injury of the cervical spine. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1976; 58: 322-7
25. Herkowitz HN, Rothman RH. Subacute instability of the cervical spine. Spine 1984; 9 (4): 348-57
26. Jarrett PJ, Whitesides TE. Injuries of the cervicocranium. In: Browner BD, Jupiter JB, Levine AM, et al., editors. Skeletal trauma. Philadelphia (PA): WB Saunders, 1992: 666-72
27. Penning L. Some aspects of plan radiography of the cervical spine in chronic myelopathy. Neurology 1962; 12: 513-9
28. Pavlov H, Torg JS, Robie B, et al. Cervical spinal stenosis: determination with vertebral body ratio method. Radiology 1987; 164: 771-5
29. Torg JS, Pavlov H, Genuario SE, et al. Neurapraxia of the cervical spinal cord with transient quadriplegia. J Bone Joint Surg 1986; 68 (9): 354-70
30. Odor JM, Watkins RG, Dillin WH, et al. Incidence of cervical spinal stenosis in professional and rookie football players. Am J Sports Med 1990; 18 (5): 507-9
31. Herzog RJ, Wiens JJ, Dillingham MF, et al. Normal cervical spine morphometry and cervical spine stenosis in asymptomatic professional football players. Spine 1991; 16 (6): S178-86
32. Torg JS, Naranja RJ, Pavlov H, et al. The relationship of developmental narrowing of the cervical spinal canal to reversible and irreversible injury of the cervical spinal cord in football players. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1996; 78 (9): 1308-14
33. Cantu RC. The cervical spinal stenosis controversy. Clin Sports Med 1998; 17 (1): 121-6
34. Torg JS, Pavlov H, Genuario S. Cervical spinal stenosis with cord neurapraxia and transient quadriplegia in athletes. Surgical Rounds Orthop 1987; Feb: 9-19
35. Eismont FJ. Clifford S, Goldberg M, et al. Cervical sagittal spinal canal size in spine injury. Spine 1984; 9 (7): 663-6
36. Torg JS, Corcoran TA, Thibault LE, et al. Cervical cord neurapraxia: classification, pathomechanics, morbidity, and management guidelines. J Neurosurg 1997; 87: 843-53
37. Bauze RJ, Ardran GM. Experimental production of forward dislocation in the human cervical spine. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1978; 60 (2): 239-45