Investigating gender differences in the meaning of household chores and child care

Journal of Marriage and Family

Volumn 65, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 456-473

  Kroska, Amy ^a  

^a KENT STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Affective meaning; Feminine tasks; Gender; Housework divisions; Masculine tasks; Task meanings

Indexed keywords

EID: 0038687516     PISSN: 00222445     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2003.00456.x     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
2. Benin, M. H., & Agostinelli, J. (1988). Husbands' and wives' satisfaction with the division of labor. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 50, 349-361.
3. Boulton, M. G. (1983). On being a mother. London: Tavistock.
4. DeVault, M. L. (1991). Feeding the family: The social organization of caring as gendered work. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
5. Dressel, P. L., & Clark, A. (1990). A critical look at family care. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 52, 769-782.
6. Fassinger, P. A. (1993). Meanings of housework for single fathers and mothers: Insight into gender inequality. In J. C. Hood (Ed.), Men, work, and family (pp. 195-216). Newbury Park: Sage.
7. Ferree, M. M. (1990). Beyond separate spheres: Feminism and family research. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 52, 866-884.
8. Gupta, S. (1999). The effects of transitions in marital status on men's performance of housework. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 61, 700-711.
9. Hays, S. (1996). Cultural contradictions of motherhood. New Haven: Yale University Press.
10. Heise, D. R. (1970). The semantic differential and attitude research. In G. F. Summers (Ed.), Attitude measurement (pp. 235-253). Chicago: Rand McNally.
11. Heise, D. R. (1979). Understanding events: Affect and the construction of social action. New York: Cambridge University Press.
12. Heise, D. R. (1992). Affect control theory and impression formation. In E. Borgatta & M. Borgatta (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Sociology (Vol. I, pp. 12-17). New York: Macmillan.
13. Hochschild, A. R. (with Machung, A.). (1989). The second shift. New York: Viking.
14. Holmbeck, G. N. (2000). Toward terminological, conceptual, and statistical clarity in the study of mediators and moderators: Examples from the child-clinical and pédiatric psychology literatures. In A. E. Kazdin (Ed.), Methodological issues and strategies in clinical research (pp. 83-111). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
15. Komter, A. (1989). Hidden power in marriage. Gender & Society, 3, 187-216.
16. Kranichfeld, M. L. (1987). Rethinking family power. Journal of Family Issues, 8, 42-56.
17. Kroska, A. (1997). The division of labor in the home: A review and reconceptualization. Social Psychology Quarterly, 60, 304-322.
18. Larson, R. W., Richards, M. H., & Perry-Jenkins, M. (1994). Divergent worlds: The daily emotional experience of mothers and fathers in the domestic and public spheres. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 1034-1046.
19. Lennon, M. C., & Rosenfield, S. (1994). Relative fairness and the division of housework: The importance of options. American Journal of Sociology, 100, 506-531.
20. MacKinnon, N. J. (1994). Symbolic interactionism as affect control. Albany: SUNY Press.
21. McHale, S. M., & Crouter, A. (1992). You can't always get what you want: Incongruence between sex-role attitudes and family work roles and its implications for marriage. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 54, 537-547.
22. McMahon, M. (1995). Engendering motherhood: Identity and self-transformation in women's lives. New York: Guilford.
23. Morland, J. K., & Williams, J. E. (1969). Cross-cultural measurement of racial and ethnic attitudes by the semantic differential. Social Forces, 48, 107-112.
24. Osgood, C. E., May, W. H., & Miron, M. S. (1975). Cross-cultural universals of affective meaning. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
25. Osgood, C. E., Suci, G. J., & Tannebaum, P. H. (1967). The measurement of meaning. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. (Original work, published 1957)
26. Shaw, S. M. (1988). Gender differences in the definition and perception of household labor. Family Relations, 37, 333-337.
27. Smith-Lovin, L. (1988). Impressions from events. In L. Smith-Lovin & D. R. Heise (Eds.), Analyzing social interaction (pp. 35-70). New York: Gordon & Breach.
28. Solarz, A. K. (1969). Perceived activity in semantic atlas words as indicated by a tapping response. In J. G. Snider & C. E. Osgood (Eds.), Semantic differential technique: A sourcebook (pp. 266-269). Chicago: Aldine.
29. South, S. J., & Spitze, G. (1994). Housework in marital and nonmarital households. American Sociological Review, 59, 327-347.
30. Spitze, G., & Loscocco, K. A. (2000). The labor of Sisyphus? Women's and men's reactions to housework. Social Science Quarterly, 81, 1087-1101.
31. Stohs, J. H. (1994). Alternative ethics in employed women's household labor. Journal of Family Issues, 15, 550-561.
32. Thompson, L. (1993). Conceptualizing gender in marriage: The case of marital care. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 55, 557-569.
33. Walker, A. (1999). Gender and family relationships. In M. Sussman, S. K. Steinmetz, & G. W. Peterson (Eds.), Handbook of marriage and the family (2nd ed., pp. 439-474). New York: Plenum.
34. Walzer, S. (1998). Thinking about the baby: Gender and transitions into parenthood. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
35. White, H. (1980). A heteroscedasticity-consistent covariance-matrix estimator and a direct test for heteroscedasticity. Econometrica, 48, 817-838.