Influence of Reconsolidation Techniques and Strain Rate on the Stiffness of Undisturbed Clays from Triaxial Tests

Geotechnical Testing Journal

Volumn 22, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 211-225

  Lo Presti, Diego C F ^a   Pallara, Oronzo ^a   Cavallaro, Antonio ^b   Jamiolkowski, Michele ^a  

^a POLITECNICO DI TORINO   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CATANIA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Reconsolidation techniques; Stiffness; Stiffness anisotropy; Strain rate; Triaxial tests; Undisturbed clays

Indexed keywords

ANISOTROPY; PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMICS; SHEAR FLOW; SHEAR WAVES; STIFFNESS; TESTING;

BENDER ELEMENTS; PROPAGATION VELOCITIES; RE-CONSOLIDATION; RESEARCH ACTIVITIES; SAMPLE DISTURBANCE; SETTLEMENT ANALYSIS; STIFFNESS ANISOTROPY; TEST PROCEDURES;

STRAIN RATE;

EID: 0038653698     PISSN: 01496115     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1520/gtj11112j     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Akai, K, Adachi, T, and Ando, N, 1975, "Existence of a Unique Stress-Strain-Time Relation of Clays," Soils and Foundations, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 1-16.
2. Ampadu, SK and Tatsuoka, F, 1993, "Effect of Setting Method on the Behaviour of Clays in Triaxial Compression from Saturation to Undrained Shear," Soils and Foundations, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 14-34.
3. Baldi, G, Hight, DW, and Thomas, GE, 1988, "A Reevaluation of Conventional Triaxial Test Methods," Advanced Triaxial Testing of Soil and Rock, ASTM STP 977, pp. 219-263.
4. Baligh, M, Azzouz, S, and Chung-Tien, C, 1987, "Disturbances Due to Ideal Tube Sampling," Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 113, No. 7, pp. 739-757.
5. Bellotti, R, Jamiolkowski, M, Lo Presti, DCF, and O'Neill, DA, 1996, "Anisotropy of Small Strain Stiffness in Ticino Sand," Geotechnique, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 115-131.
6. Berardi, G, Caroti, L, Giunta, G, Jamiolkowski, M, and Lancellotta, R, 1991, "Mechanical Properties of Upper Pisa Clay," Proceeding of the X ECSMFE Firenze 1991, Associazione Geotecnica Italiana, Vol. 1, pp. 7-10.
7. Berre, T, 1982, "Triaxial Testing at the Norwegian Geotechnical Institute," Geotechnical Testing Journal, GTJODJ, Vol. 5, No. 1/2, pp. 3-17.
8. Cavallaro, AMF, 1997, "Influenza della Velocità di Deformazione sul Modulo di Taglio e sullo Smorzamento delle Argille," Ph.D. thesis, University of Catania, Italy.
9. Costanzo, D, Jamiolkowski, M, Lancellotta, R, and Pepe, MC, 1994, "Leaning Tower of Pisa - Description of the Behaviour," Invited Lecture, Settlement'94, Texas A&M University.
10. Dobry, RL and Vucetic, M, 1987, "Dynamics Properties and Seismic Responce of Soft Clays Deposits," Proceedings of the International Symposium on Geotechnical Engineering of Soft Soils, Mexico City, Vol. 2, pp. 51-87.
11. Fioravante, V, Jamiolkowski, M, Lo Presti, DCF, Manfredini, G, and Pedroni, S, 1998, "Assessment of Coefficient of Earth Pressure at Rest from Shear Wave Velocity Measurements," Géotechnique, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 1-10.
12. Froio, F, 1993, "Velocità di Propagazione delle Onde di Taglio nell'Argilla di Pisa da Prove di Laboratorio e in Sito," M.Sc. thesis, Department of Structural Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Italy.
13. Hardin, BO and Blandford, GE, 1989, "Elasticity of Particulate Materials," Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 115, No. 6, pp. 788-805.
14. Hight, DW, 1993, "A Review of Sampling Effects in Clays and Sands," Offshore Site Investigation and Foundation Behaviour, Vol. 28, pp. 115-146.
15. Isenhower, WM and Stokoe, KH II, 1981, "Strain Rate Dependent Shear Modulus of San Francisco Bay Mud," International Conference on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics, St. Louis, MO, Vol. II, pp. 597-602.
16. Ishihara, K, 1996, Soil Behaviour in Earthquake Geotechnics, Oxford Science Publications.
17. Jamiolkowski, M, Ladd, CC, Germaine, JT, and Lancellotta, R, 1985, "New Developments in Field and Laboratory Testing of Soils," State of the Art, XI ICSMFE, San Francisco, 1985.
18. Jamiolkowski, M, Lancellotta, R, and Lo Presti, DCF, 1995, "Remarks on the Stiffness at Small Strains of Six Italian Clays," Pre-failure Deformation of Geomaterials, Sapporo, Japan, 12-14 Sept. 1994, Balkema, Rotterdam, Vol. 2, pp. 817-836.
19. Jardine, RJ, Symes, MJ, and Burland, JB, 1984, "The Measurement of Soil Stiffness in the Triaxial Apparatus," Geotechnique, Vol. 34, pp. 323-340.
20. Jardine, RJ, St. John, HD, Hight, DW, and Potts, DM, 1991, "Some Practical Applications of a Non-Linear Ground Model," Proceedings of 10th European Regional Conference on SMFE, Firenze, Vol. I, pp. 223-228.
21. Lefebvre, G and Poulin, C, 1979, "A New Method of Sampling in Sensitive Clay," Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 16, pp. 226-233.
22. Leroueil, S and Marques, MES, 1996, "Importance of Strain Rate and Temperature Effects in Geotechnical Engineering," Measuring and Modelling Time Dependent Soil Behaviour, ASCE, Geotechnical SP 61, pp. 137-150.
23. La Rochelle, P, Sarrailh, J, Tavenas, F, and Leroueil, S, 1981, "Causes of Sampling Disturbance and Design of a New Sampler for Sensitive Soils," Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 18, pp. 52-66.
24. Lo Presti, DCF, Pallara, O, and Puci, I, 1995, "A Modified Commercial Triaxial Testing System for Small Strain Measurements: Preliminary Results on Pisa Clay," Geotechnical Testing Journal, March 1995, pp. 15-31.
25. Lo Presti, DCF, Jamiolkowski, M, Pallara O, and Cavallaro, A. 1996. "Drained Creep and Rate Effect on the Stiffness of Soils," Proceedings, ASCE Convention on Measuring and Modelling Time-Dependent Soil Behavior, Washington, 10-14 Nov. 1996, Geotechnical Special Publication No. 61, pp. 166-180.
26. th Geotechnique, London, 4 Sept. 1997. Geotechnique, Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 603-617.
27. Lo Presti, DCF, "Stress-Strain Behaviour of Clays in the Laboratory," Panel Discussion Session 1.1, Hamburg, XIV ICSMFE, September 1997, Balkema, Vol. 4, pp. 2183-2186.
28. Lo Presti, DCF, Maugeri, M, Pallara, O, and Cavallaro, A, 1998, "Shear Modulus and Damping of a Stiff Marine Clay from In Situ and Laboratory Tests," Proceedings, ISC 98, Atlanta, GA, Balkema, Rotterdam, Vol. 2, pp. 1293, 1300.
29. Lunne, T, Berre, T, and Strandvik, S, 1997, "Sample Disturbance in Soft Low Plastic Norvengian Clay," Proceedings, Recent Developments in Soil and Pavement Mechanics, Almeida, Ed., Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 81-102.
30. Maugeri, M, Castelli, F, and Motta, E, 1994, "Pile Foundation Performance of an Earthquake Damaged Building," Proceedings of the Italian-French Symposium on Strengthening and Repair of Structures in Seismic Areas, Nice, France, 17-19 Oct. 1994.
31. Marchetti, S, 1980, "In Situ Tests by Flat Dilatometer," Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, Vol. 106, No. GT3, March, 1980, pp. 299-321.
32. Mesri, G and Choi, YK, 1985, "Settlements Analysis of Embank7 ments on Soft Clays," Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, Vol. 111, No. 4, pp. 441-464.
33. Mesri, G, Shahien, M, and Hedien, JE, 1997, "Geotechnical Characteristics and Compression of Pisa Clay," Proceedings, XIV ICSMFE, Hamburg, Vol. 1, pp. 373-376.
34. Mitchell, JK, 1976, Fundamentals of Soil Behaviour, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
35. Muir Wood, D, 1982, "Laboratory Investigations of the Behaviour of Soils Under Cyclic Loading; A Review," Soil Mechanics -Transient and Cyclic Loads, Pande and Zienkiewicz, Eds., John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 513-582.
36. Pietropaolo, F, 1994, "Misura della Velocità di Propagazione delle Onde di Taglio in Prove Edometriche," M.Sc. thesis, Department of Structural Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Italy.
37. Pradhan, TB, Tatsuoka, F, and Horii, N, 1988, "Strength and Deformation Characteristics of Sand in Torsional Simple Shear," Soil and Foundation, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 131-148.
38. Sheahan, TC, Germaine, JT, and Ladd, CC, 1990, "Automated Triaxial Testing of Soft Clays," Geotechnical Testing Journal, GTJODJ, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 153-163.
39. Sheahan, TC and Germaine, JT, 1992, "Computer Automation of Conventional Triaxial Equipment," Geotechnical Testing Journal, GTJODJ, Vol. 111, No. 8, pp. 971-986.
40. Shibuya, S, Mitachi, T, Fukuda, F, Hosomi, A, and Hwang, SC, 1996, "Strain Rate Effect on Stress-Strain Behaviour of Clay as Observed in Monotonic and Cyclic Triaxial Tests," Proceedings, ASCE Convention, "Measuring and Modelling Time-Dependent Soil Behavior," Washington, 10-14 Nov. 1996, Geotechnical Special Publication No. 61, pp. 214-227.
41. Stokoe, KH II, Lee, SHH, and Knox, DP, 1985, "Shear Moduli Measurement Under True Triaxial Stresses," Advances in the Art of Testing Soils Under Cyclic Conditions, ASCE Convention, Detroit, MI.
42. Stokoe, KH II, Lee, JNK, and Lee, SHH, 1991, "Characterization of Soil in Calibration Chambers with Seismic Waves," Proceedings of ISOCCTI, Potsdam, NY.
43. Tanaka, H, Sharma, P, Tsuchida, T, and Tanaka, M, 1996, "Comparative Study on Sample Quality Using Several Types of Samplers," Soils and Foundations, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 57-68.
44. Tatsuoka, F, 1988, "Some Recent Development in Triaxial Testing System for Cohesionless Soils," Advanced Triaxial Testing of Soil and Rock, ASTM STP 977, Philadelphia, 1988, pp. 7-67.
45. Tatsuoka, F and Shibuya, S, 1992, "Deformation Characteristics of Soil and Rocks from Field and Laboratory Tests," Keynote Lecture, Proceedings, IX Asian Conference on SMFE, Bangkok, 1991, Vol. 2, pp. 101-190.
46. Tatsuoka, F, Jardine, RJ, Lo Presti, DCF, Di Benedetto, H, and Kodaka, T, 1997, "Characterising the Pre-Failure Deformation Properties of Geomaterials," Theme Lecture, Plenary Session 1, XIV ICSMFE, Hamburg, September 1997, Balkema, Vol. 4, pp. 2183-2186.
47. Vercelli, L, 1991, "Misura del Modulo di Taglio Massimo con Bender Elements in Varie Argille Italiane," M.Sc. thesis, Department of Structural Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Italy.
48. Vucetic, M, 1994, "Cyclic Threshold Shear Strains in Soils," Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 120, No. 12, pp. 2208-2228.