Should smallpox vaccine be tested in children?

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

Volumn 16, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 237-239

  Baltimore, Robert S ^a   Jenson, Hal B ^b  

^a YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b EASTERN VIRGINIA MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

SMALLPOX VACCINE;

CHILD; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG SCREENING; EMERGENCY TREATMENT; HUMAN; INFORMED CONSENT; PUBLIC OPINION; REVIEW; SMALLPOX; VACCINATION;

EID: 0038621360     PISSN: 09517375     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00001432-200306000-00009     Document Type: Review

References (14)

1. Alibek K. Biohazard. New York: Random House; 1999.
2. Henderson DA. The looming threat of bioterrorism. Science 1999; 283:1279-1282.
3. Korpeter MG, Paker GW. Potential biological weapons threats. Emerg Infect Dis 1999; 5:523-527. This article, from researchers at the US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, traces the history of bioterrorism and lists the agents most likely to be used in a bioterrorist attack.
4. Henderson DA, Smallpox: clinical and epidemiologic features. Emerg Infect Dis 1999; 5:537-539.
5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Vaccinia (smallpox) vaccine. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (AClP), 2001. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep MMWR 2001; 50(RR.10):1-25.
6. Smallpox vaccine no longer available for civilians - United States. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep MMWR 1983; 32:387.
7. Breman JG, Arita I. The confirmation and maintenance of smallpox eradication. N Engl J Med 1980; 303:1263-1273.
8. http://www.cdc.gov/nip/publications/VIS/vis-spox.pdf.
9. Frey SE, Newman FK, Cruz J, et al. Dose related effects of smallpox vaccine. N Engl J Med 2002; 346:1275-1280. This is a pilot study of vaccination of 60 subjects. This and the reference below are reports of the testing of Dryvax vaccine that had last been produced in 1982. They demonstrated the immunogenicity of the vaccine and associated a rate of 'take' that correlated with the concentration of virus in the vaccine. Reference [10] is a clinical report of the symptoms in 680 adult subjects given undiluted and diluted dryvax.
10. Frey SE, Couch RB, Tacket CO, et al. Clinical responses to undiluted and diluted smallpox vaccine. N Engl J Med 2002; 346:1265-1274. See discussion of related reference [9] above.
11. http://ohrp.osophs.dhhs.gov/dpanel/dpindex.htm.
12. http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/dockets/02n0466/02n0466.htm.
13. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Recommendations for using smallpox vaccine in a pre-event vaccination program: supplemental recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). Morb Mortal Wkly Rep MMWR 2003; 52:1-16.
14. Abramson JS, Baker CJ, Baltimore RS, et al. Smallpox vaccine. Pediatrics 2002; 110:841-845. This is the official statement of the Committee on Infectious Diseases, of the American Academy of Pediatrics, regarding the use of smallpox vaccine. The statement recommends against mass vaccination in the absence of a proven threat of a bioterrorism-related release of vaccinia virus. It also recommends testing of existing and newer smallpox vaccines on children.