Three fatal cases of PMA and PMMA poisoning in Denmark

Journal of Analytical Toxicology

Volumn 27, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 253-256

  Johansen, Sys Stybe ^a   Hansen, A Carsten ^b   Müller, Irene Breum ^a   Lundemose, Jytte Banner ^b   Franzmann, Maria B ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^b AARHUS UNIVERSITY   (Denmark)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

3,4 METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE; 4 METHOXYAMPHETAMINE; 4 METHOXYMETAMPHETAMINE; ALCOHOL; AMPHETAMINE DERIVATIVE; COCAINE; TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADULT; ARTICLE; AUTOPSY; BLOOD LEVEL; BRAIN EDEMA; BRAIN VASCULITIS; CASE REPORT; CAUSE OF DEATH; CLINICAL FEATURE; COMA; CORONARY ARTERY ATHEROSCLEROSIS; DENMARK; DRUG ABUSE; FATALITY; HALLUCINATION; HEART ARREST; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HUMAN; HYPERACTIVITY; INTOXICATION; LUNG EDEMA; MALE; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; MUSCLE SPASM; PARANOIA; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; SPLENOMEGALY; SYMPTOM;

EID: 0038620231     PISSN: 01464760     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jat/27.4.253     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. R.C. Baselt. Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man. In Chemical Toxicology Institute, 5th ed. Biomedical Publications, Foster City, CA, 2000, pp 547-548.
2. K. Valter and P. Arrizabalaga. Designer Drugs Directory. In Institute of Ecotoxicology (Ecotox), 1st. ed. Elsevier, Geneva, Amsterdam, 1998, pp 50-51.
3. R.A. Glennon, R. Young, M. Dukat, and Y. Cheng. Initial characterization of PMMA as a discriminative stimulus. Pharm. Biochem. Behav. 57: 151-158 (1997).
4. G. Cimbura. PMA deaths in Ontario. Can. Med. Assoc. J. 110: 1263-1267 (1974).
5. R. Tucker. Fatal PMA (p-methoxyamphetamine) poisoning. Bulletin of the International Association of Forensic Toxicologists 9: 15 (1973).
6. T.L. Martin. Three cases of fatal paramethoxyamphetamine overdose. J. Anal. Toxicol. 25: 649-651 (2001).
7. H.E. Felgate, P.D. Felgate, R.A. James, D.N. Sims, and D.C. Vozzo. Recent paramethoxyamphetamine deaths. J. Anal. Toxicol. 22: 169-172 (1998).
8. J.C. Kraner, D.J. McCoy, M.A. Evans, L.E. Evans, and B.J. Sweeney. Fatalities caused by the MDMA-related drug paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA). J. Anal. Toxicol. 25: 645-648 (2001).
9. S. Voorspoels, V. Coucke, and W. Jacobs. Paramethoxyamphetamine: first fatalities in Belgium. Bulletin of the International Association of Forensic Toxicologists 4: 12-13 (2001).
10. C. Lora-Tamayo, T. Tena, and A. Rodriguez. Amphetamine derivative related deaths in Spain. Forensic. Sci. Int. 85: 149-157 (1997).
11. J. Balkon and B. Donnelly. Determination of basic drugs in post mortem tissues: a microextraction technique utilizing GG/NPD of effluents. J. Anal. Toxicol. 6: 181-184 (1982).
12. H. Gjerde, I. Hasvold, G. Pettersen, and A.S. Christophersen. Determination of amphetamine and metamphetamines in blood by derivatization with perfluorooctanyl chloride and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J. Anal. Toxicol. 17: 65-69 (1993).
13. EMCDDA. Joint Action Co-ordination Programme Update on PMMA/PMA, Joint progress report 12/10/2001. Lissabon, Portugal and Europol, 2001, pp 1-4.
14. A. Shulgin and A. Shulgin. Erowid: The Vaults of Erowid. PMA Timeline. http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/pma (accessed Dec 2000).
15. I.B. Müller. Department of Forensic Chemistry, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, personal communication, 2002.
16. N. Buxton and N.S. McConachie. Amphetamine abuse and intracraniel haemorrhage. J.R. Soc. Med. 93: 442-447 (2000).