A critical appraisal and extension of hope theory in middle-aged men and women: Is it important to distinguish agency and pathways components?

Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology

Volumn 22, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 121-143

  Chang, Edward C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0038516981     PISSN: 07367236     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1521/jscp.22.2.121.22876     Document Type: Article

References (80)

1. Antonovsky, A. (1979) Health, stress, and coping. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
2. Arbuckle, J. L. (1999). Amos users' guide version 4.0. Chicago: Small Waters.
3. Babyak, M. A., Snyder, C. R., & Yoshinobu, L. (1993). Psychometric properties of the Hope Scale: A confirmatory factor analysis. Journal of Research in Personality, 27, 154-169.
4. Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavior change. Psychological Review, 84, 191-215.
5. Bandura, A. (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist, 37, 122-147.
6. Barnett, R. C., & Baruch, G. K. (1985). Women's involvement in multiple roles and psychological distress. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 135-145.
7. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical consideration. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
8. Baumeister, R. F. (1989). The optimal margin of illusion. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 8, 176-189.
9. Beck, A. T., Ward, C. H., Mendelson, M., Mock, L., & Erbaugh, J. (1961). An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 4, 561-571.
10. Bunston, T., Mings, D., Mackie, A., & Jones, D. (1995). Facilitating hopefulness: The determinants of hope. Journal of Psychological Oncology, 13, 79-103.
11. Carvajal, S. C., Clair, S. D., Nash, S. G., & Evans, R. I. (1998). Relating optimism, hope, and self-esteem to social influences in deterring substance use in adolescents. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 17, 443-465.
12. Carver, C. S. (1989). How should multifaceted personality constructs be tested?: Issues illustrated by self-monitoring, attributional style, and hardiness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 577-585.
13. Chang, E. C. (1996). Cultural differences in optimism, pessimism, and coping: Predictors of subsequent adjustment in Asian American and Caucasian American college students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43, 113-123.
14. Chang, E. C. (1998a). Cultural differences, perfectionism, and suicidal risk: Does social problem solving still matter? Cognitive Therapy and Research, 22, 237-254.
15. Chang, E. C. (1998b). Hope, problem-solving ability, and coping in a college student population: Some implications for theory and practice. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 54, 953-962.
16. Chang, E. C. (2001a). A look at the coping strategies and styles of Asian Americans: Similar and different? In C. R. Snyder (Ed.), Coping with stress: Effective people and processes (pp. 222-239). New York: Oxford University Press.
17. Chang, E. C. (2001b). Cultural influences on optimism and pessimism: Differences in Western and Eastern construals of the self. In E. C. Chang (Ed.), Optimism and pessimism: Implications for theory, research, and practice (pp. 257-280). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
18. Chang, E. C. (2001c). Optimism and pessimism: Moving beyond the most fundamental question of all. In E. C. Chang (Ed.), Optimism and pessimism: Implications for theory, research, and practice (pp. 3-12). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
19. Chang, E. C. (2002). Cultural differences in psychological distress in Asian and Caucasian American college students: Examining the role of cognitive and affective concomitants. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 49, 47-59.
20. Chang, E. C., Asakawa, K., & Sanna, L. J. (2001). Cultural variations in optimistic and pessimistic bias: Do Easterners really expect the worst and Westerners really expect the best when predicting future life events? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 476-491.
21. Chang, E. C., & DeSimone, S. L. (2001). The influence of hope on appraisals, coping, and dysphoria: A test of hope theory. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 20, 116-128.
22. Chang, E. C., & Sanna, L. J. (2001a). Optimism, pessimism, and positive and negative affectivity in middle-aged adults: A test of a cognitive-affective model of psychological adjustment. Psychology and Aging, 16, 524-531.
23. Chang, E. C., & Sanna, L. J. (2001b). Optimism, pessimism, and psychological adjustment in Easterners and Westerners: A cross-cultural examination of a model of affectivity as a mediator. Manuscript submitted for publication.
24. Chang, E. C., Tugade, M. M., & Asakawa, K. (in press). Stress and coping among Asian Americans: Lazarus and Folkman's model and beyond. In C. Scott & P. T. Wong (Eds.), Stress and coping: A multicultural perspective, Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
25. Clark, R. A., Teevan, R., & Ricciuti, H. N. (1956). Hope of success and fear of failure as aspects of need for achievement. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 53, 182-186.
26. Cohen, J. (1977). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (Rev. ed.). New York: Academic Press.
27. Colvin, C. R., Block, J., & Funder, D. C. (1995). Overly positive self-evaluations and personality: Negative implications for mental health. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 1152-1162.
28. Crowson, J. J., Jr., Frueh, B. C., & Snyder, C. R. (2001). Hostility and hope in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder: A look back at combat as compared to today. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 25, 149-165.
29. Culbertson, F. M. (1997). Depression and gender: An international review. American Psychologist, 52, 25-31.
30. Curry, L. A., Snyder, C. R., Cook, D. L., Ruby, B. C., & Rehm, M. (1997). Role of hope in academic and sport achievement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 1257-1267.
31. Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71-75.
32. D'Zurilla, T. J. (1986). Problem-solving therapy: A social competence approach to clinical intervention. New York: Springer.
33. D'Zurilla, T. J., Maydeu-Olivares, A., & Kant, G. L. (1998). Age and gender differences in social problem-solving ability. Personality and Individual Differences, 25, 241-252.
34. D'Zurilla, T. J., & Nezu, A. M. (1990). Development and preliminary evaluation of the Social Problem-Solving Inventory. Psychological Assessment, 2, 156-163.
35. D'Zurilla, T. J., Nezu, A. M., & Maydeu-Olivares, A. (2002). Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised (SPSI-R) Technical manual. North Tonawanda, NY: Multi-Health Systems, Inc.
36. Elliott, T. R., Witty, T. E., Herrick, S., & Huffman, J. T. (1991). Negotiating reality after physical loss: Hope, depression, and disability. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 608-613.
37. Erickson, R. C., Post, R. D., & Paige, A. B. (1975). Hope as a psychiatric variable. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 31, 324-330.
38. Eskilson, A., & Wiley, M. G. (1999). Solving for the X: Aspirations and expectations of college students. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 28, 51-70.
39. Farran, C. J., Wilken, C., & Popovich, J. M. (1992). Clinical assessment of hope. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 13, 129-138.
40. Frank, J. (1968). The role of hope in psychotherapy. International Journal of Psychiatry, 5, 383-395.
41. Frankenhaeuser, M. (1991). The psychophysiology of workload, stress, and health: Comparison between the sexes. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 13, 197-204.
42. Friedman, H. S. (Ed.). (1990). Personality and disease. New York: Wiley.
43. Gottschalk, L. A. (1974). A hope scale applicable to verbal samples. Archives of General Psychiatry, 30, 779-785.
44. Heine, S. J., & Lehman, D. R. (1995). Cultural variation in unrealistic optimism: Does the West feel more invulnerable than the East? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 595-607.
45. Herth, K. (1993). Hope in older adults in community and institutional settings. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 14, 139-156.
46. Ingram, R. E. (1990). Self-focused attention in clinical disorders: Review and a conceptual model. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 156-176.
47. Irving, L. M., Seider, A. L., Burling, T. A., Pagliarini, R., & Robbins-Sisco, D. (1998). Hope and recovery from substance dependence in homeless veterans. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 17, 389-406.
48. Kasser, T., & Ryan, R. M. (1993). A dark side of the American dream: Correlates of financial success as a central life aspiration. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 410-422.
49. Kessler, R. C., McGonagle, K. A., & Zhao, S. (1994). Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51, 8-19.
50. Korner, I. N. (1970). Hope as a method of coping. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 34, 134-139.
51. Kwon, P. (2000). Hope and dysphoria: The moderating role of defense mechanisms. Journal of Personality, 68, 199-223.
52. Lazarus, R. S. (1963). Personality and adjustment. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
53. Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer.
54. Lewis, H. A., & Kliewer, W. (1996). Hope, coping, and adjustment among children with sickle cell disease: Tests of mediator and moderator models. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 21, 25-41.
55. Lyubomirsky, S., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1993). Self-perpetuating properties of dysphoric rumination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 339-349.
56. Lyubomirsky, S., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1995). Effects of self-focused rumination on negative thinking and interpersonal problem solving. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 176-190.
57. Magaletta, P. R., & Oliver, J. M. (1999). The hope construct, will, and ways: Their relations with self-efficacy, optimism, and general well-being. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55, 539-551.
58. Meissner, W. W. (1973). Notes on the psychology of hope. Journal of Religion and Health, 12, 120-139.
59. Menninger, K. (1959). The academic lecture; Hope. American Journal of Psychiatry, 116, 481-491.
60. Needles, D. J., & Abramson, L. Y. (1990). Positive life events, attributional style, and hopefulness: Testing a model of recovery from depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 99, 156-165.
61. Nekolaichuk, C. L., Jevne, R. F., & Maguire, T. O. (1999). Structuring the meaning of hope in health and illness. Social Science and Medicine, 48, 591-605.
62. Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1987). Sex differences in unipolar depression: Evidence and theory. Psychological Bulletin, 101, 259-282.
63. Onwuegbuzie, A. J., & Daley, C. E. (1999). Relation of hope to self-perception. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 88, 535-540.
64. Patty, W. L., & Johnson, L. S. (1953). Personality and adjustment. New York: McGraw-Hill.
65. Pavot, W., St Diener, E. (1993). Review of the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Psychological Assessment, 5, 164-172.
66. Polivy, J, & Herman, C. P. (2000). The false-hope syndrome: Unfulfilled expectations of self-change. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 9, 128-131.
67. Ptacek, J. T., Smith, R. E., & Dodge, K. L. (1994). Gender differences in coping with stress: When Stressor and appraisals do not differ. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 421-430.
68. Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1985). Optimism, coping, and health: Assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies. Health Psychology, 4, 219-247.
69. Snyder, C. R. (1994). The psychology of hope. New York The Free Press.
70. Snyder, C. R. (Ed.). (2000a). Handbook of hope: Theory, measures, and applications. San Diego: Academic Press.
71. Snyder, C. R. (2000b). The hope mandala: Coping with the loss of a loved one. In J. E. Gillham (Ed.), The science of optimism and hope (pp. 129-142). Radnor, PA: Templeton Foundation Press.
72. Snyder, C. R. (2000c). The past and possible futures of hope. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 19, 11-28.
73. Snyder, C. R. (2002). Hope theory: Rainbows in the mind. Psychological Inquiry, 13, 249-275.
74. Snyder, C. R., Cheavens, J., & Michael, S. T. (1999). Hoping. In C. R. Snyder (Ed.), Coping: The psychology of what works (pp. 205-251). New York: Oxford University Press.
75. Snyder, C. R., Harris, C., Anderson, J. R., Holleran, S. A., Irving, L. M., Sigmon, S. T., Yoshinobu, L., Gibb, J., Langelle, C., & Harney, P. (1991). The will and the ways: Development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 570-585.
76. Snyder, C. R., Hoza, B., Pelham, W. E., Rapoff, M., Ware, L., Danovsky, M., Highberger, L., Rubinstein, H., & Stahl, K. J. (1997). The development and validation of the Children's Hope Scale. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 22, 399-421.
77. Snyder, C. R., Ilardi, S. S., Cheavens, J., Michael, S. T., Yamhure, L., & Sympson, S. (2000). The role of hope in cognitive-behavioral therapies. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 24, 747-762.
78. Snyder, C. R., Sympson, S. C., Michael, S. T., & Cheavens, J. (2001). The optimism and hope constructs: Variants on a positive expectancy theme. In E. C. Chang (Ed.), Optimism and pessimism: Implications for theory, research, and practice (pp. 101-125). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
79. Staats, S. (1988). Hope: Expected positive affect in an adult sample. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 148, 357-364.
80. Stotland, E. (1969). The psychology of hope. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.