Sex differences in anger expression, depressed mood, and aggression in children and adolescents

Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings

Volumn 3, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 79-92

  Clay, Daniel L ^a   Hagglund, Kristofer J ^b   Kashani, Javad H ^b   Frank, Robert G ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES   (United States)

^b University of Missouri   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

Aggression; Anger expression; Children; Depressed mood

Indexed keywords

EID: 0038510093     PISSN: 10689583     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF01989291     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Achenbach, T. M., & Edelbrock, C. (1983). Manual of the Child Behavior Checklist and Revised Child Behavior Profile. Burlington: University of Vermont.
2. American Psychiatric Association (1987). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed.). Washington, DC: APA.
3. American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. (4th ed.). Washington, DC: APA.
4. Averill, J. R. (1983). Studies on anger and aggression: Implications for theories of emotion. American Psychologist, 38, 1145-1160.
5. Biaggio, M. K., & Godwin, W. H. (1987). Relation of depression to anger and hostility constructs. Psychological Reports, 61, 87-90.
6. Blumberg, S. H., & Izard, C. E. (1985). Affective and cognitive characteristics of depression in 10- and 11-year-old children. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 194-202.
7. Blumberg, S. H., & Izard, C. E. (1986). Discriminating patterns of emotions in 10- and 11-yr old children's anxiety and depression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 852-857.
8. Chesney, M. A. (1985). Anger and hostility: Future implications for behavioral medicine. In M. A. Chesney & R. H. Rosenman (Eds.), Anger and hostility in cardiovascular and behavioral disorders (pp. 277-290). New York: Hemisphere.
9. Chesney, M. A., & Rosenman, R. H. (1985). Anger and Hostility in Cardiovascular and Behavioral Disorders (p. xiii). New York: Hemisphere.
10. Clay, D. L., Anderson, W. P., & Dixon, W. A. (1993). Relationship between anger expression and stress in predicting depression. Journal of Counseling and Development, 27, 91-94.
11. Cohen, J. (1994). The earth is round (p < .05). American Psychologist, 49, 997-1003.
12. Cummings, E. M., Vogel, D., Cummings, J. S., & El-Sheikh, M. (1989). Children's response to different forms of expression of anger between adults. Child Development, 60, 1392-1404.
13. Eron, L. D., & Huesmann, L. R. (1990). The stability of aggressive behavior - even unto the third generation. In M. Lewis & S. M. Miller (Eds.), Handbook of developmental psychopathology. New York: Plenum.
14. Feindler, E. L. (1990). Adolescent anger control: Review and critique. In M. Hersen, R. M. Eisler, & R. M. Miller (Eds.), Progress in Behavior Modification. London: Sage.
15. Frank, R. G., Clay, D. L., Heoper, M. R., Peterson, J. S., Chaney, J. M., Kashani, J. H., Cassidy, J. T., & Goldstein, D. E. (1991a). Emotional changes in juvenile onset Type 1 diabetes. Paper presented at the meeting of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, Washington, DC, Aug.
16. Frank, R. G., Clay, D. L., Heoper, M. R., Peterson, J. S., Chaney, J. M., Kashani, J. H., Cassidy, J. T., & Goldstein, D. E. (1991b). Psychological symptoms predict glycemic control in children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM). Diabetes, 40 (Supplement 1), 536a.
17. Gjerde, P. F., Block, J., & Block, H. H. (1988). Depressive symptoms and personality during late adolescence: Gender differences in the externalization-internalization of symptom expression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97, 475-486.
18. Hagglund, K. J., Clay, D. L., Frank, R. G., Beck, N. C., Kashani, J., Hewett, J., Johnson, J., Goldstein, D. E., & Cassidy, J. T. (1994). Assessing anger expression in children and adolescents. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 19, 291-304.
19. Izard, C. E., Dougherty, B. M., Blowxom, B. M., & Kotsch, W. E. (1974). The Differential Emotion Scale: A method of measuring the subjective experience of discrete emotions, Unpublished manuscript. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University,
20. Jacobs, G. A., & Kronaizl, C. (1991, August). Pediatric anger expression in rural impoverished communities. Paper presented at the 99th annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Boston.
21. Janisse, M.P. (Ed.) (1988). Individual differences, stress, and health psychology. New York: Springer-Verlag.
22. Kopper, B. A. (1994). Role of gender, sex role identity, and type A behavior in anger expression and mental health functioning. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 40, 232-237.
23. Kotsch, W. E., Gerbing, D. W., & Schwartze, L. E. (1982). The construct validity of the Differential Emotions Scale as adapted for children and adolescents. In C. Izard (Ed.), Measuring emotions in infants and children (pp. 251-278). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
24. Lavigne, J. V., & Faier-Routman, J. (1992). Psychological adjustment to pediatric physical disorders: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 17, 133-157.
25. Lerner, H. G. (1985). The dance of anger. New York: Harper & Row.
26. Mabe, P. A., Treiber, F. A., & Riley, W. T. (1992). The relationship of anger and child psychopathology. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 22, 151-164.
27. Miller, S. B. (1993). Cardiovascular reactivity in anger-defensive individuals: The influence of task demands. Psychosomatic Medicine, 55, 78-85.
28. Moore, T. W., & Paolillo, J. F. (1984). Depression: Influence of hopelessness, locus of control, hostility, and length of treatment. Psychological Reports, 54, 875-881.
29. Patterson, G. R. (1985). A microsocial analysis of anger and irritable behavior. In M. A. Chesney & R. H. Rosenman (Eds.), Anger and Hostility in Cardiovascular and Behavioral Disorders (pp. 83-100). Washington, DC: Hemisphere.
30. Renouf, A. G., & Harter, S. (1990). Low self-worth and anger as components of depressive experience in young adolescents. Development and Psychopathology, 2, 293-310.
31. Riley, W. T., Treiber, F. A., & Woods, M. F. (1989). Anger and hostility in depression. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 177, 668-674.
32. SAS (1988). SAS/STAT user's guide. Cary, NC: SAS Institute.
33. Spielberger, C. D. (1991). Manual for the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (revised research edition). FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
34. Spielberger, C. D., Krasner, S. S., & Solomon, E. P. (1988). The experience, expression, and control of anger. In M. P. Janisse (Ed.), Health psychology: Individual difference and stress (pp. 90-108). New York: Springer-Verlag.
35. Sroufe, L. A., & Rutter, M. (1984). The domain of developmental psychopathology. Child Development, 55, 17-29.
36. Stein, B. A., Golombek, H., Marton, P., & Korenblum, M. (1991). Consistency and change in personality characteristics and affect from middle to late adolescence. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 36, 16-20.
37. Thomas, S. P. (1989). Gender differences in anger expression: Health implications. Research in Nursing and Health, 12, 389-398.
38. Vitaliano, P. P., Maiuro, R. D., Russo, J., Mitchell, E. S., Carr, J. E., & Van Critters, R. L. (1988). A biopsychosocial model of medical student distress. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 11, 311-331.
39. Waldenstein, S. R., Polefrone, J. M., Bachen, E. A., Muldoon, M. F., Kaplan, J. R., & Manuck S. B. (1993). Relationship of cardiovascular reactivity and anger expression to serum lipid concentrations in healthy young men. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 37, 249-256.
40. Wallander, J. L., Varni, J. W., Babani, L., Banis, H. T., & Wilcox, K. T. (1989). Family resources as resistance factors for psychological maladjustment in chronically ill and handicapped children. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 14, 157-173.
41. White, R. B. (1977). Current psychoanalytic concepts of depression. In W. E. Fann, I. Karacan, A. D. Pokorny, & R. L. Williams (Eds.), Phenomonology and Treatment of Depression (pp. 127-141). New York: Spectrum.