Streptococcus pneumoniae nasopharyngeal colonization in young healthy children: Rate of carriage, serotype distribution, and antibiotic resistance

New Microbiologica

Volumn 26, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 187-192

  Mosca, A ^a   Carucci, A ^a   Santacroce, L ^a   Schettini, F ^a   De Mattia, D ^a   Miragliotta, G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BARI   (Italy)

Author keywords

Pneumococcus; Serotype; Vaccine

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; AZITHROMYCIN; CEFOTAXIME; CEFTRIAXONE; CLARITHROMYCIN; COTRIMOXAZOLE; ERYTHROMYCIN; PENICILLIN G; MACROLIDE;

AGE DISTRIBUTION; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL COLONIZATION; BACTERIAL STRAIN; BACTERIUM CARRIER; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; ITALY; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; PENICILLIN RESISTANCE; RHINOPHARYNGITIS; SEROTYPE; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIA; CLASSIFICATION; COHORT ANALYSIS; DRUG EFFECT; HETEROZYGOTE; INFANT; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION; MICROBIOLOGY; NASOPHARYNX; PRESCHOOL CHILD; SEROTYPING; STREPTOCOCCUS INFECTION; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); STREPTOCOCCUS; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE;

CARRIER STATE; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; COHORT STUDIES; DRUG RESISTANCE, BACTERIAL; ERYTHROMYCIN; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT; MACROLIDES; MALE; MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TESTS; NASOPHARYNX; SEROTYPING; STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTIONS; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE; TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE COMBINATION;

EID: 0038481500     PISSN: 11217138     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. BARKER, J., GRATTEN, M., and RILEY, I. (1989). Pneumonia in children in the Eastern Highlands of Papua New Guinea: a bacteriologic study of patients selected by standard clinical criteria. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 159, 348-352.
2. AMPBELL, H., BYASS, P., FORGIE, I.M., O'NEILL, K.P., LLOYD-EVANS, N., and GREENWOOD, B.M. (1988). Trial of cotrimoxazole versus procaine penicillin with ampicillin in treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in young Gambian children. The Lancet, ii, 1182-1184.
3. DEEKS, S.L., PALACIO, R., RUVINSKY, R., KERTESZ, D.A., MORTAL, M., ROSSI, A., SPIKA, J.S., and DI FABIO, J.L. (1999). Risk factors and course of illness among children with invasive penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae. The S. pneumoniae working group. Pediatrics, 103, 409-413.
4. FENOLL, A., JADO, I., VICIOSO, D., PÉREZ, A., and CASAL, J. (1998). Evolution of S. pneumoniae serotypes and antibiotic resistance in Spain: update (1990-1996). Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 36, 3447-3454.
5. FENOLL, A., MARTIN BOURGON, C., MUNOZ, R., VICIOSO, D., and CASAL, J. (1991). Serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of S. pneumoniae isolates causing systemic infections in Spain, 1979-1989. Reviews of Infectious Diseases, 13, 56-60.
6. GARCIA-LEONI, M.E., CERCENADO, E., RODENO, P., BERNALDO DE QUIROS, J.C.L., MARTINEZ-HERNANDEZ, D., and BOUZA, E. (1992). Susceptibility of S. pneumoniae to penicillin: a prospective microbiological and clinical study. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 14, 427-435.
7. GESLIN, P., BUU-HOI, A., FRÉMAUKX, A., and ACAR, J.F. (1992). Antimicrobial resistance in S. pneumoniae: an epidemiological survey in France. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 15, 95-98.
8. RD, and DILLON, H.C.JR. (1980). Epidemiologic studies of S. pneumoniae in infants: acquisition, carriage, and infection during the first 24 months of life. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 142, 923-933.
9. JACOBS, M.R., BAJAKSOUZIAN, S., APPELBAUM, P.C., and BOLSTROM, A. (1992). Evaluation of the E-test for susceptibility testing of pneumococci. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 15, 473-478.
10. KANUGO, R., D'LIMA, D., RAJALAKSHMI, B., NATARAJAN, M.K., and BADRINATH, S. (2000). Throat carriage of pneumococci in healthy school children in the Union Territory of Pondicherry. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 112, 100-103.
11. KLUGMAN, K.P. (1990). Pneumococcal resistance to antibiotics. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 3, 171-196.
12. LAFONG, A.C., and CROTHERS, E. (1988). Simple latex agglutination method for typing pneumococci. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 41, 230-231.
13. LINARES, J., PALLARES, R., ALONSO, T., PEREZ, J. L., AYATS, J., GUDIOL, F., VILADRICH, P. F., and MARTIN, R. (1992). Trends in antimicrobial resistance of clinical isolates of S. pneumoniae in Bellvitge Hospital, Barcelona, Spain (1979-1990). Clinical of Infectious Diseases, 15, 99-105.
14. MORENO, S., GARCIA-LEONI, M.E., CERCENADO, E., DIAZ, M.D., BERNALDO DE QUIROS, J.C.L., and BOUZA, E. (1995). Infections caused by erythromycin- resistant S. pneumoniae: incidence, risk factors, and response to therapy in a prospective study. Clinical of Infectious Diseases, 20, 1195-1200.
15. NATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR CLINICAL LABORATORY STANDARDS (1999). Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility testing. vol. 9, No.1. M100-S9, Villanova, PA: National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standard.
16. PALLARES, R., GUDIOL, F., LINARES, J., ARIZA, J., RUFI, G., MURGUI, L., DORCA, J., and VILADRICH, P.F. (1987). Risk factors and response to antibiotic therapy in adults with bacteremic pneumonia caused by penicillin-resistant pneumococci. New England Journal of Medicine, 317, 18-22.
17. REICHLER, M.R., RAKOVSKY, J., SOBOTVA, A., SLACIKOVA, M., HLAVACOVA, B., HILL, B., KRAJCIKOVA, L., TARINA, P., FACKLAM, R.R., and BREIMAN, R.F. (1995). Multiple antimicrobial resistance of pneumococci in children with otitis media, bacteremia, and meningitis in Slovakia. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 171, 1491-1496.
18. RILEY, I.D., LEHMANN, D., and ALPERS, M.P. (1991). Pneumococcal vaccine trials in Papua New Guinea: relationships between the epidemiology of pneumococcal infection and efficacy of vaccine. Reviews of Infectious Diseases, 13 (suppl. 6), S535-541.
19. ROBBINS, J.B., AUSTRIAN, R., LEE, C.J., RASTOGI, S. C., SCHIFFMAN, G., HENRICHSEN, J., MAKELA, P.H., BROOME, C.V., FACKLAM, R.R., and TIESJEMA, R.H. (1983). Consideration for formulating the second-generation pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine with emphasis on the cross-reactive types within groups. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 148, 1136-1159.
20. SACHO, H., KLUGMAN, K.P., KOORNOF, H.J., and RUFF, P. (1987). Community-acquired pneumonia in an adult due to multiply-resistant pneumococcus. Journal of Infection, 14, 1824-1827.
21. SAHA, S.K., RIKITOMI, N., RUHULAMIN, M., MASAKI, H., HANIF, M., ISLAM, M., WATANABE, K., AHMED, K., MATSUMOTO, K., SACK, R.B., and NAGATAKE, T. (1999). Antimicrobial resistance and serotype distribution of S. pneumoniae strains causing childhood infections in Bangladesh, 1993 to 1997. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 37, 798-800.
22. SEPPALA, H., NISSINEN, A., JARVINEN, H., HUOVINEM, S., HENRIKSSON, T., HERVA, E., HOLM, S.E., JAHKOLA, M., KATILA, M. L., KLAUKKA, T., KONTIAINEN, S., LIIMATAINEN, O., OINONEN, S., PASSI-METSOMAA, L., and HUOVINEN, P. (1992). Resistance to erythromycin in group A streptococci. The New England Journal of Medicine, 326, 292-297.
23. SHARP, S.E. (1999). Commensal and pathogenic microorganisms of humans. In: Murray PR, Baron EJ, Faller MA, Tenover FC, Yolken RH, eds. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. Washington DC, 23-32.
24. SNIADACK, D.H., SCHWARTZ, B., LIPMAN, H., BOGAERTS, J., BUTLER, J. C., DAGAN, R., ECHANIZ-AVILES, G., LLOYD-EVANS, N., FENOLL, A., GIRGIS, N.I., HENRICHSEN, J., KLUGMAN, K., LEHMANN, D., TAKALA, A.K., VANDEPITTE, J., GOVE, S., and BREIMAN, R.F. (1995). Potential interventions for the prevention of childhood pneumonia: geographic and temporal differences in serotype and serogroup distribution of sterile site pneumococcal isolates from children: implications for vaccine strategies. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 14, 503-510.
25. SPIKA, J.S., FACKLAM, R.R., PLIKAYTIS, B.D., and OXTBOY, M.J. (1991). Antimicrobial resistance of S. pneumoniae in the United States, 1979-1987. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 163, 1273-1278.
26. VIVES, M., GARCIA, M.E., SAENZ, P., SAENZ, P., DE LOS ANGELES MORA, M., MATA, L., SABHARWAL, H., and SVANBORG, C. (1997). Nasopharyngeal colonization in Costa Rican children during the first year of life. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 16, 852-858.
27. ZENNI, M.K., CHEATHAM, S.H., THOMPSON, J.M., REED, G.W., BATSON, A.B., PALMER, P.S., HOLLAND, K.L., and EDWARDS, K.M. (1995). S. pneumoniae colonization in the young child: association with otitis media and resistance to penicillin. The Journal of Pediatrics, 127, 533-537.