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Here, the term "surface" does not only concern the "visible" surface of the sample that can be seen by eye or detected by an STM, but also includes the "internal" surface of the PS film which is quite large; >600 m in a volume of 1 cm PS material!
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85033845804
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x bond is around 3 eV which is comparable with the energy related to the voltage drop across the gap; the magnitude of the resulting electric field is responsible for the kinetic energy the electrons gain during the travel between tip and sample.
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