Flumazenil is innocuous in a paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia and radiofrequency ablation: A paediatric case report and review of the literature

Paediatric Anaesthesia

Volumn 13, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 349-354

  Weinbroum, Avi A ^a,b   Glick, Aharon ^a   Belhassen, Bernard ^a  

^a TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

^b TEL AVIV SOURASKY MEDICAL CENTER   (Israel)

Author keywords

Benzodiazepine; Electrophysiological study; Flumazenil; Midazolam; Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia; Radiofrequency ablation

Indexed keywords

AMIODARONE; ATROPINE; CARBAMAZEPINE; CHLORAL HYDRATE; DIAZEPAM; FLUMAZENIL; ISOPRENALINE; LIDOCAINE; MIDAZOLAM; MORPHINE; PROPRANOLOL; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT;

ADOLESCENT; ARM MOVEMENT; ARTICLE; CASE REPORT; CATHETER ABLATION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; HEART RATE; HEMODYNAMICS; HUMAN; MALE; PAROXYSMAL SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; WRITHING TEST;

ADOLESCENT; ANALGESICS, OPIOID; ANESTHETICS, INTRAVENOUS; CATHETER ABLATION; FLUMAZENIL; GABA MODULATORS; HUMANS; MALE; MIDAZOLAM; MORPHINE; TACHYCARDIA, PAROXYSMAL; TACHYCARDIA, SUPRAVENTRICULAR;

EID: 0038391471     PISSN: 11555645     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9592.2003.01077.x     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Hall RC, Zisook S. Paradoxical reactions to benzodiazepines. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1981; 11: 99S-104S.
2. Honan VJ. Paradoxical reaction to midazolam and control with flumazenil. Gastrointest Endosc 1994; 40: 86-88.
3. Weinbroum AA, Szold O, Ogorek D et al. The midazolam-induced paradox phenomenon is reversible by flumazenil. Epidemiology, patient characteristics and review of the literature. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2001; 18: 789-797.
4. Khan LC, Lustik SJ. Treatment of a paradoxical reaction to midazolam with haloperidol. Anesth Analg 1997; 85: 213-215.
5. Knaack Steinegger R, Schou J. Therapy of paradoxical reactions to midazolam in regional anesthesia. Anaesthesist 1987; 36: 143-146.
6. Bonetti EP, Pieri L, Cumin R et al. Benzodiazepine antagonist Ro 15-1788: neurological and behavioral effects. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1982; 78: 8-18.
7. Massanari M, Novitsky J, Reinstein LJ. Paradoxical reactions in children associated with midazolam use during endoscopy. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1997; 36: 681-684.
8. Weinbroum A, Rudick V, Sorkine P et al. Use of flumazenil in the treatment of drug overdose: a double-blind and open clinical study in 110 patients. Crit Care Med 1996; 24: 199-206.
9. Boyle D, Tobin J. Pharmaceutical management of behavior disorders: chlordiazepoxide in covert and overt expressions of aggression. J Med Soc NJ 1961; 58: 427-429.
10. Feldman P. An analysis of the efficacy of diazepam. J Neuropsychiatry 1962; 3: 62-67.
11. Litchfield NB. Complications of intravenous diazepam-adverse psychological reactions (an assessment of 16,000 cases). Anesth Prog 1980; 28: 175-183.
12. Ricou B, Forster A, Bruckner A et al. Clinical evaluation of a specific benzodiazepine antagonist (RO 15-1788). Studies in elderly patients after regional anaesthesia under benzodiazepine sedation. Br J Anaesth 1986; 58: 1005-1011.
13. Physician's desk reference. 52nd edn. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics, 1998: 2515.
14. Petti TA, Fish B, Shapiro T et al. Effects of chlordiazepoxide in disturbed children: a pilot study. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1982; 2: 270-273.
15. Pfefferbaum B, Butler PM, Mullins D et al. Two cases of benzodiazepine toxicity in children. J Clin Psychiatry 1987; 48: 450-452.
16. Sury MR, Billingham I, Russell GN et al. Acute benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome after midazolam infusions in children. Crit Care Med 1989; 17: 301-302.
17. Martinez Telleria A, Cano ME, Carlos R. Paradoxical reaction to midazolam after its use as a sedative in regional anesthesia. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 1992; 39: 379-830.
18. Saltik IN, Ozen H. Role of flumazenil for paradoxical reaction to midazolam during endoscopic procedures in children [letter]. Am J Gastroenterol 2000; 95: 3011-3012.
19. Thakker P, Gallagher TM. Flumazenil reverses paradoxical reaction to midazolam in a child. Anaesth Intens Care 1996; 24: 505-507.
20. Rodrigo CR. Flumazenil reverses paradoxical reaction with midazolam. Anesth Prog 1991; 38: 65-68.
21. Fulton SA, Mullen KD. Completion of upper endoscopic procedures despite paradoxical reaction to midazolam: a role for flumazenil? Am J Gastroenterol 2000; 95: 809-811.
22. Weinbroum AA, Flaishon R, Sorkine P et al. A risk-benefit assessment of flumazenil in the management of benzodiazepine overdose. Drug Saf 1997; 17: 181-196.
23. Schaffer MS, Snyder AM, Morrison JE. An assessment of desflurane for use during cardiac electrophysiological study and radiofrequency ablation of supraventricular dysrhythmias in children. Paediatr Anaesth 2000; 10: 155-159.
24. Erb TO, Kanter RJ, Hall JM et al. Comparison of electrophysiologic effects of propofol and isoflurane-based anesthetics in children undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation for supraventricular tachycardia. Anesthesiology 2002; 96: 1386-1384.
25. Lai LP, Lin JL, Wu MH et al. Usefulness of intravenous propofol anesthesia for radiofrequency catheter ablation in patients with tachyarrhythmias: infeasibility for pediatric patients with ectopic atrial tachycardia. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1999; 22: 1358-1364.
26. Lavoie J, Walsh EP, Burrows FA et al. Effects of propofol or isoflurane anesthesia on cardiac conduction in children undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation for tachydysrhythmias. Anesthesiology 1995; 82: 884-887.
27. Aarseth HP, Bredesen JE, Grynne B et al. Benzodiazepine-receptor antagonist, a clinical double blind study. Clin Toxicol 1988; 26: 283-292.
28. Prischl F, Donner A, Grimm G et al. Value of flumazenil in benzodiazepine self-poisoning. Med Toxicol 1988; 3: 334-339.
29. Short TG, Maling T, Galletly DC. Ventricular arrhythmia precipitated by flumazenil [letter]. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1988; 296: 1070-1071.
30. Marchant B, Wray R, Leach A et al. Flumazenil causing convulsions and ventricular tachycardia [letter]. Br Med J 1989; 299: 860.
31. Donovan KL, Fischer DJ. Reversal of chloral hydrate overdose with flumazenil [letter[. Br Med J 1989; 298: 1253.
32. Bower K, Glasser SP. Chloral hydrate overdose and cardiac arrhythmias. Chest 1980; 77: 232-235.
33. Wiseman HM, Hampel G. Cardiac arrhythmia due to chloral hydrate poisoning [letter]. Br Med J 1978; 2: 960.
34. Shannon M, Albers G, Burkhart K et al. Safety and efficacy of flumazenil in the reversal of benzodiazepine-induced conscious sedation. The Flumazenil Pediatric Study Group. J Pediatr 1997; 131: 582-586.
35. Geller E, Niv D, Nevo Y et al. Early clinical experience in reversing benzodiazepine sedation with flumazenil after short procedures. Resuscitation 1988; 16 (Suppl): S49-S56.
36. Geller E, Halpern P, Chernilas J et al. Cardiorespiratory effects of antagonism of diazepam sedation with flumazenil in patients with cardiac disease. Anesth Analg 1991; 72: 207-211.
37. Croughwell ND, Reves JG, Will CJ et al. Safety of rapid administration of flumazenil in patients with ischaemic heart disease. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand Suppl 1990; 92: 55-58.
38. Griffiths RR, Evans SM, Guarino JJ et al. Intravenous flumazenil following acute and repeated exposure to lorazepam in healthy volunteers: antagonism and precipitated withdrawal. J Pharm Exp Ther 1993; 265: 1163-1174.
39. Lheureux P, Askenasi R. Benzodiazepine antagonist Ro 15-1788 in self-poisoning [letter]. Arch Intern Med 1986; 146: 1241.
40. McCloy RF. Reversal of conscious sedation by flumazenil: current status and future prospects. Acta Anaesth Scand Suppl 1995; 108: 35-42.