Microbiological monitoring of sheep carcass contamination in three Swiss abattoirs

Journal of Food Protection

Volumn 66, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 946-952

  Zweifel, C ^a   Stephan, R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; ESCHERICHIA COLI; OVIS ARIES;

EID: 0038384690     PISSN: 0362028X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4315/0362-028X-66.6.946     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Anonymous. 1986. Microorganisms in foods, p. 130-138. In Sampling for microbiological analysis: principles and specific applications. 2nd ed. International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
2. Anonymous. 1987. Code of good hygienic practices. EG document VI/5938/87, PVET/2140. Commission of the European Communities, Luxembourg.
3. Anonymous. March 1995. Fleischhygieneverordnung (FHyV). Eidg. Drucksachen- und Materialzentrale, Bern.
4. Bell, R. G., and S. C. Hathaway. 1996. The hygienic efficiency of conventional and inverted lamb dressing systems. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 81:225-234.
5. Beutin, L., D. Geier, H. Steinrück, S. Zimmermann, and F. Scheutz. 1993. Prevalence and some properties of verotoxin (Shiga-like toxin) producing Escherichia coli in seven different species of healthy domestic animals. J. Clin. Microbiol. 31:2483-2488.
6. Beutin, L., D. Geier, S. Zimmermann, and F. Scheutz. 1995. Virulence markers of Shiga-like toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains originating from healthy domestic animals of different species. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:631-635.
7. Biss, M. E., and S. C. Hathaway. 1995. Microbiological and visible contamination of lamb carcasses according to preslaughter presentation status: implications for HACCP. J. Food Prot. 58:776-783.
8. Blanco, M., J. E. Blanco, J. Blanco, E. A. Gonzalez, A. Mora, C. Prado, L. Fernandez, M. Rio, J. Ramos, and M. P. Alonso. 1996. Prevalence and characteristics of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 and other verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli in healthy cattle. Epidemiol. Infect. 117:251-257.
9. Blanco, M., J. E. Blanco, J. Blanco, A. Mora, C. Prado, M. P. Alonso, M. Mourino, C. Madrid, C. Balsalobre, and A. Juare. 1997. Distribution and characterization of faecal verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) isolated from healthy cattle. Vet. Microbiol. 54:309-319.
10. Boerlin, P., S. A. McEwen, F. Boerlin-Petzold, J. B. Wilson, R. P. Johnson, and C. L. Gyles. 1999. Association between virulence factors of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli and disease in humans. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37:497-503.
11. Burnens, A. P., A. Frey, H. Lior, and J. Nicolet. 1995. Prevalence and clinical significance of vero-cytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) isolated from cattle in herds with and without calf diarrhoea. J. Vet. Med. B 42:311-318.
12. Caprioli, A., and A. E. Tozzi. 1998. Epidemiology of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections in continental Europe, p. 38-48. In J. B. Kaper and A. D. O'Brien (ed.), Escherichia coli O157: H7 and other Shiga toxin-producing E. coli strains. ASM Press, Washington, D.C.
13. Charlebois, R., R. Trudel, and S. Messier. 1991. Surface contamination of beef carcasses by fecal coliforms. J. Food Prot. 54:950-956.
14. Duffy, E. A., K. E. Belk, J. N. Sofos, S. B. Le Valley, M. L. Kain, J. D. Tatum, G. C. Smith, and C. V. Kimberling. 2001. Microbial contamination occurring on lamb carcasses processed in the United States. J. Food Prot. 64:503-508.
15. Eggenberger, E., and R. Thun. 1984. Eine graphische Methode zur Darstellung von Messwerten. Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilk. 126:199-205.
16. Ellerbroek, L. I., J. F. Wegener, and G. Arndt. 1993. Does spray washing of lamb carcasses alter bacterial surface contamination? J. Food Prot. 56:432-436.
17. Fegan, N., and P. Desmarchelier. 1999. Shigatoxin-producing Escherichia coli in sheep and preslaughter lambs in eastern Australia. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 28:335-339.
18. Gill, C. O., and L. P. Baker. 1998. Assessment of the hygienic performance of a sheep carcass dressing process. J. Food Prot. 61:329-333.
19. Gill, C. O., J. Bryant, and D. A. Brereton. 2000. Microbiological conditions of sheep carcasses from conventional or inverted dressing processes. J. Food Prot. 63:1291-1294.
20. Hadley, P. J., J. S. Holder, and M. H. Hinton. 1997. Effects of fleece soiling and skinning method on the microbiology of sheep carcasses. Vet. Rec. 140:570-574.
21. Haring, V., and P. Desmarchelier. 1997. Verotoxin-producing E. coli in sheep. Aust. Vet. J. 75:675-676.
22. Kudva, I. T., P. G. Hatfield, and C. J. Hovde. 1997. Characterization of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other Shiga toxin-producing E. coli serotypes isolated from sheep. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35:892-899.
23. Lasta, J., and R. Fonrouge. 1988. Significance of samples taken for bacterial counts from reduced areas of bovine carcasses. J. Food Prot. 51:214-217.
24. Mackey, B. M., and T. A. Roberts. 1993. Verbesserung der Schlachthygiene durch HACCP und Überwachung. Fleischwirtschaft 73:34-43.
25. Philipps, D., J. Sumner, J. F. Alexander, and K. M. Dutton. 2001. Microbiological quality of Australian sheep meat. J. Food Prot. 64:697-700.
26. Piérard, D., G. Muyldermans, L. Moriau, D. Stevens, and S. Lauwers. 1998. Identification of new verocytotoxin type 2 variant B-subunit genes in human and animal Escherichia coli isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36:3317-3322.
27. Piérard, D., D. Stevens, L. Moriau, H. Lior, and S. Lauwers. 1997. Isolation and virulence factors of verotoxin-producing E. coli in human stool samples. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 3:531-540.
28. Ramachandran, V., M. A. Hornitzky, K. A. Bettelheim, M. J. Walker, and S. P. Djordjevic. 2001. The common ovine Shiga toxin 2-containing Escherichia coli serotypes and human isolates of the same serotypes possess a Stx2d toxin type. J. Clin. Microbiol. 39:1932-1937.
29. Reuter, G. 1984. Ermittlung des Oberflächenkeimgehaltes von Rinderschlachttierkörpern. Untersuchungen zur Eignung nicht-destruktiver Probeentnahmeverfahren. Fleischwirtschaft 64:1247-1252.
30. Reuter G. 1986. Hygiene der Fleischgewinnung und -verarbeitung. Zentralbl. Bakt. Hyg. B 183:1-22.
31. Roberts, T. A., W. R. Hudson, O. P. Whelehan, B. Simonsen, K. Olgaard, H. Labots, J. M. A. Snijders, J. Van Hoof, J. Debevere, J. F. Dempster, J. Devereux, L. Leistner, H. Gehra, H. Gledel, and J. Fournaud. 1984. Number and distribution of bacteria on some beef carcasses at selected abattoirs in some member states of the European Communities. Meat Sci. 11:191-205.
32. Rüssmann, H., E. Kothe, H. Schmidt, S. Franke, D. Harmsen, A. Caprioli, and H. Karch. 1995. Genotyping of Shiga-like toxin genes in non-O157 Escherichia coli strains associated with haemolytic uraemic syndrome. J. Med. Microbiol. 42:404-410.
33. Schmidt, H., L. Beutin, and H. Karch. 1995. Molecular analysis of the plasmid-encoded hemolysin of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain EDL 933. Infect. Immun. 63:1055-1061.
34. Schmidt, H., B. Plaschke, S. Franke, H. Rüssmann, A. Schwarzkopf, J. Heesemann, and H. Karch. 1994. Differentiation in virulence patterns of Escherichia coli possessing eae-genes. Med. Microbiol. Immunol. 183:23-31.
35. Sierra, M. L., E. Gonzalez-Fandos, M. L. Garcia Lopez, M. C. Garcia Fernandez, and B. Moreno. 1995. Contamination of lamb carcasses at the abattoir. Microflora of freshly dressed lamb carcasses: indicators and spoilage organisms. Arch. Lebensmittelhyg. 46:125-148.
36. Snijders, J. M. A., M. H. W. Janssen, G. E. Gerats, and G. P. Cortiaensen. 1984. A comparative study of sampling techniques for monitoring carcass contamination. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 1:229-236.
37. Stephan, R. 2000. Schlachthygienemonitoring als Teil der Selbstkontrolle. Mitt. Lebensm. Hyg. 91:345-351.
38. Stephan, R., and L. E. Hoelzle. 2000. Characterization of verotoxin type 2 variant B-subunit in Escherichia coli strains from asymptomatic human carriers by PCR-RFLP. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 31:139-142.
39. Stephan, R., S. Ragettli, and F. Untermann. 2000. Vorkommen verotoxinbildender Escherichia coli (VTEC) in Kottupfern von Schlachtrindern und Schlachtschafen - eine Betrachtung aus fleischhygienischer Sicht. Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilk. 142:110-114.
40. Untermann, F., R. Stephan, U. Dura, M. Hofer, and P. Heimann. 1997. Reliability and practicability of bacteriological monitoring of beef carcass contamination and their rating within a hygiene quality control programme of abattoirs. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 34:67-77.
41. Wyss, R., and P. Hockenjos. 1999. Nachweis von enterohämorrhagischen Escherichia coli (EHEC) auf Rinderschlachttierkörpern. Fleischwirtschaft 79:84-86.
42. Yamamoto, T., and M. Nakazawa. 1997. Detection and sequences of the enteroaggregative Escherichia coli heat-stable Enterotoxin 1 gene in entero-toxigenic E. coli strains isolated from piglets and calves with diarrhea. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35:223-227.
43. Zschöck, M., H. P. Hamann, B. Kloppert, and W. Wolter. 2000. Shigatoxin-producing Escherichia coli in faeces of healthy dairy cows, sheep and goats: prevalence and virulence properties. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 31:203-208.