Raised intracellular glucose concentrations reduce aggredation and cell death caused by mutant huntingtin exon 1 by decreasing mTOR phosphorylation and inducing autophagy

Human Molecular Genetics

Volumn 12, Issue 9, 2003, Pages 985-994

  Ravikumar, Brinda ^a   Stewart, Abigail ^a   Kita, Hiroko ^b   Kato, Kikuya ^b   Duden, Rainer ^a   Rubinsztein, David C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b NARA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

3 METHYLGLUCOSE; ADENINE; CYTOSINE; DEOXYGLUCOSE; GLUCOSE; GLUCOSE 6 PHOSPHATE; GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER 1; GUANINE; HUNTINGTIN; POLYGLUTAMINE; PROTEIN KINASE B; RAPAMYCIN; REGULATOR PROTEIN; S6 KINASE;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL TISSUE; AUTOPHAGY; CELL AGGREGATION; CELL CULTURE; CELL DEATH; CELL LEVEL; CELL PROTECTION; CLEARANCE; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; CYTOTOXICITY; EMBRYO; EXON; FEMALE; GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING; GENE FUNCTION; GENE MUTATION; GENE OVEREXPRESSION; GLUCOSE METABOLISM; GLUCOSE TRANSPORT; HUNTINGTON CHOREA; MALE; MOLECULAR MIMICRY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; REVIEW; RNA TRANSLATION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT;

ANIMALS; AUTOPHAGY; CELL DEATH; CERCOPITHECUS AETHIOPS; COS CELLS; GLUCOSE; NERVE TISSUE PROTEINS; NUCLEAR PROTEINS; PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN KINASES; PROTEIN-SERINE-THREONINE KINASES; PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS; PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-AKT;

ANIMALIA; CANIS FAMILIARIS; MAMMALIA;

EID: 0038364056     PISSN: 09646906     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddg109     Document Type: Review

References (30)

1. Rubinsztein, D.C. (2002) Lessons from animal models of Huntington's disease. Trends. Genet., 18, 202-209.
2. Lunkes, A., Lindenberg, K.S., Ben-Haiem, L., Weber, C., Devys, D., Landwehrmeyer, G.B., Mandel, J.L. and Trottier, Y. (2002) Proteases acting on mutant huntingtin generate cleaved products that differentially build up cytoplasmic and nuclear inclusions. Mol. Cell, 10, 259-269.
3. Wellington, C.L., Ellerby, L.M., Gutekunst, C.A., Rogers, D., Warby, S., Graham, R.K., Loubser, O., van Raamsdonk, J., Singaraja, R., Yang, Y.Z. et al. (2002) Caspase cleavage of mutant Huntingtin precedes neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease. J. Neurosci., 22, 7862-7872.
4. Ravikumar, B., Duden, R. and Rubinsztein, D.C. (2002) Aggregate-prone proteins with polyglutamine and polyalanine expansions are degraded by autophagy. Hum. Mol. Genet., 11, 1107-1117.
5. Kim, J. and Klionsky, D.J. (2000) Autophagy, cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting pathway, and pexophagy in yeast and mammalian cells. A. Rev. Biochem., 69, 303-342.
6. Kegel, K.B., Kim, M., Sapp, E., McIntyre, C., Castano, J.G., Aronin, N. and DiFiglia, M. (2000) Huntingtin expression stimulates endosomallysosomal activity, endosomal tubulation and autophagy. J. Neurosci., 20, 7268-7278.
7. Yamada, M., Tsuji, S. and Takahashi, H. (2002) Involvement of lysosomes in the pathogenesis of CAG repeat diseases. Ann. Neurol., 52, 498-503.
8. Noda, T., Suzuki, K. and Ohsumi, Y. (2002) Yeast autophagosomes: de novo formation of a membrane structure. Trends Cell Biol., 12, 231-235.
9. Mordier, S., Deval, C., Bechet, D., Tassa, A. and Ferrara, M. (2000) Leucine limitation induces autophagy and activation of lysosome-dependent proteolysis in C2C12 myotubes through a mammalian target of rapamycin-independent signaling pathway. J. Biol. Chem., 275, 29900-29906.
10. Pfeifer, U. (1978) Inhibition by insulin of the formation of autophagic vacuoles in rat liver. A morphometric approach to the kinetics of intracellular degradation by autophagy. J. Cell Biol., 78, 152-167.
11. Hara, K., Yonezawa, K., Weng, Q.P., Kozlowski, M.T., Belham, C. and Avruch, J. (1998) Amino acid sufficiency and mTOR regulate p70 S6 kinase and eIF-4E BP1 through a common effector mechanism. J. Biol. Chem., 273, 14484-14494.
12. Schmelzle, T. and Hall, M.N. (2000) TOR, a central controller of cell growth. Cell, 103, 253-262.
13. Nave, B.T., Ouwens, D.M., Withers, D.J., Alessi, D.R. and Shepherd, P.R. (1999) Mammalian target of rapamycin is a direct target for protein kinase B: identification of a convergence point for opposing effects of insulin and amino-acid deficiency on protein translation. Biochem. J., 344, 427-431.
14. Sekulic, A., Hudson, C.C., Homme, J.L., Yin, P., Otterness, D.M., Karnitz, L.M. and Abraham, R.T. (2000) A direct linkage between the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-AKT signalling pathway and the mammalian target of rapamycin in mitogen-stimulated and transformed cells. Cancer Res., 60, 3504-3513.
15. Gingras, A., Raught, B. and Sonenberg, N. (2001) Regulation of translation initiation by FRAP/mTOR. Genes Dev., 15, 807-826.
16. Brunn, G.J., Hudson, C.C., Sekulic, A., Williams, J.M., Hosoi, H., Houghton, P.J. Jr., Lawrence, J.C. and Abraham, R.T. (1997) Phosphorylation of the translational repressor PHAS-I by mammalian target of rapamycin. Science, 277, 99-101.
17. Burnett, P.E., Barrow, R.K., Cohen, N.A., Snyder, S.H. and Sabatini, D.M. (1998) RAFT 1 phosphorylation of the translational regulators p70 S6 kinase and 4E-BP1. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 95, 1432-1437.
18. Isotani, S., Hara, K., Tokunaga, C., Inoue, H., Avruch, J. and Yonezawa, K. (1999) Immunopurified mammalian target of rapamycin phosphorylates and activates p7O S6 kinase alpha in vitro. J. Biol. Chem., 274, 34493-34498.
19. Blommaart, E.F., Luiken, J.J., Blommaart, P.J., van Woerkom, G.M. and Meijer, A.J. (1995) Phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 is inhibitory for autophagy in isolated rat hepatocytes. J. Biol. Chem., 270, 2320-2326.
20. Klionsky, D.J. and Emr, S.D. (2000) Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation. Science, 290, 1717-1721.
21. Kita, H., Carmichael, J., Swartz, J., Muro, S., Wyttenbach, A., Matsubara, K., Rubinsztein, D.C. and Kato, K. (2002) Modulation of polyglutamine-induced cell death by genes identified by expression profiling. Hum. Mol. Genet., 11, 2279-2287.
22. Carmichael, J., Chatellier, J., Woolfson, A., Milstein, C., Fersht, A.R. and Rubinsztein, D.C. (2000) Bacterial and yeast chaperones reduce both aggregate formation and cell death in mammalian cell models of Huntington's disease. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 97, 9701-9705.
23. Wyttenbach, A., Swartz, J., Kita, H., Thykjaer, T., Carmichael, J., Bradley, J., Brown, R., Maxwell, M., Schapira, A., Orntoft, T.F. et al. (2001) Polyglutamine expansions cause decreased CRE-mediated transcription and early gene expression changes prior to cell death in an inducible cell model of Huntington's disease. Hum. Mol. Genet., 10, 1829-1845.
24. Tournu, C., Obled, A., Roux, M.P., Ferrara, M., Omura, S. and Bechet, D.M. (2001) Glucose regulates protein catabolism in ras-transformed fibroblasts through a lysosomal-dependent proteolytic pathway. Biochem. J., 357, 255-261.
25. Biederbick, A., Kern, H.F. and Elsasser, H.P. (1995) Monodansylcadaverine (MDC) is a specific in vivo marker for autophagic vacuoles. Eur. J. Cell Biol., 66, 3-14.
26. Niemann, A., Takatsuki, A. and Elsasser, H.P. (2000) The lysosomotropic agent monodansylcadaverine also acts as a solvent polarity probe. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 48, 251-258.
27. Munafo, D.B. and Colombo, M.I. (2001) A novel assay to study autophagy: regulation of autophagosome vacuole size by amino acid deprivation. J. Cell Sci., 114, 3619-3629.
28. Narain, Y., Wyttenbach, A., Rankin, J., Furlong, R.A. and Rubinsztein, D.C. (1999) A molecular investigation of true dominance in Huntington's disease. J. Med. Genet., 36, 739-746.
29. Wyttenbach, A., Sauvageot, O., Carmichael, J., Diaz-Latoud, C., Arrigo, A.P. and Rubinsztein, D.C. (2002) Heat shock protein 27 prevents cellular polyglutamine toxicity and suppresses the increase of reactive oxygen species causes by Huntingtin. Hum. Mol. Genet., 11, 1137-1151.
30. Bright, N.A., Reaves, B.J., Mullock, B.M. and Luzio, J.P. (1997) Dense core lysosomes can fuse with late endosomes and are re-formed from the resultant hybrid organelles. J. Cell Sci., 110, 2027-2040.