Socioeconomic status and stress-related biological responses over the working day

Psychosomatic Medicine

Volumn 65, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 461-470

  Steptoe, Andrew ^a   Kunz Ebrecht, Sabine ^a   Owen, Natalie ^a   Feldman, Pamela J ^a   Willemsen, Gonneke ^b   Kirschbaum, Clemens ^c   Marmot, Michael ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b VU UNIVERSITY AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^c HEINRICH HEINE UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Ambulatory monitoring; Blood pressure; Coronary heart disease; Cortisol; Socioeconomic status; Stress

Indexed keywords

HYDROCORTISONE;

ADULT; AGE; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; FEMALE; GENDER; HEART RATE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MALE; NIGHT; NORMAL HUMAN; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SALIVA LEVEL; SMOKING; SOCIOECONOMICS; STRESS; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; WAKEFULNESS; WORK;

EID: 0038350979     PISSN: 00333174     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.PSY.0000035717.78650.A1     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Marmot MG, McDowall ME. Mortality decline and widening social inequalities. Lancet 1986;2:274-6.
2. Kaplan GA, Keil JE. Socioeconomic factors and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature. Circulation 1993;88:1973-98.
3. Davey Smith G, Hart C, Hole D, MacKinnon P, Gillis C, Watt G, Blane D, Hawthorne V, Education and occupational social class: which is the more important indicator of mortality risk? J Epidemiol Community Health 1998;52:153-60.
4. Mackenbach JP, Kunst AE, Groenhof F, Borgan JK, Costa G, Faggiano F, Jozan P, Leinsalu M, Martikainen P, Rychtarikova J, Valkonen T. Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality among women and among men: an international study. Am J Public Health 1999;89:1800-6.
5. Lynch JW, Kaplan GA, Salonen R, Cohen RD, Salonen J. Socio-economic status and carotid atherosclerosis. Circulation 1995;92:1786-92.
6. van Rossum CT, van de Mheen H, Witteman JC, Mackenbach JP, Grobbee DE. Socioeconomic status and aortic atherosclerosis in Dutch elderly people: the Rotterdam Study, Am J Epidemiol 1999;150:142-8.
7. Gallo LC, Matthews KA, Kuller LH, Sutton-Tyrrell K, Edmundowicz D. Educational attainment and coronary and aortic calcification in postmenopausal women. Psychosom Med 2001;63:925-35.
8. Brunner E, Davey Smith G, Marmot M, Canner R, Beksinska M, O'Brien J. Childhood social circumstances and psychosocial and behavioural factors as determinants of plasma fibrinogen. Lancet 1996;347:1008-13.
9. Brunner EJ, Marmot MG, Nanchahal K, Shipley MJ, Stansfeld SA, Juneja M, Alberti KG. Social inequality in coronary risk: central obesity and the metabolic syndrome: evidence from the Whitehall II study. Diabetologia 1997;40:1341-9.
10. Matthews KA, Kelsey SF, Meilahn EN, Kuller LH, Wing RR. Educational attainment and behavioral and biologic risk factors for coronary heart disease in middle-aged women. Am J Epidemiol 1989;129:1132-44.
11. Wamala SP, Wolk A, Schenck-Gustafsson K, Orth-Gomer K. Lipid profile and socioeconomic status in healthy middle aged women in Sweden. J Epidemiol Community Health 1997;51:400-7.
12. Wamala SP, Murray MA, Horsten M, Eriksson M, Schenck-Gustafsson K, Hamsten A, Silveira A, Orth-Gomer K. Socioeconomic status and determinants of hemostatic function in healthy women. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1999;19:485-92.
13. Marmot MG, Shipley MJ, Rose G. Inequalities in health: specific explanations of a general pattern? Lancet 1984;i:1003-6.
14. Lynch JW, Kaplan GA, Cohen RD, Tuomilehto J, Salonen J. Do cardiovascular risk factors explain the relation between socio-economic status, risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and acute myocardial infarction? Am J Epidemiol 1996;144:934-42.
15. Wamala SP, Mittleman MA, Schenck-Gustafsson K, Orth-Gomer K. Potential explanations for the educational gradient in coronary heart disease: a population-based case-control study of Swedish women. Am J Public Health 1999;89:315-21.
16. McEwen BS, Seeman T. Protective and damaging effects of mediators of stress: elaborating and testing the concepts of allostasis and allostatic load. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1999;896:30-47.
17. Steptoe A, Marmot M. The role of psychobiological pathways in socio-economic inequalities in cardiovascular disease risk. Eur Heart J 2002;23:13-25.
18. Owens JF, Stoney CM, Matthews KA. Menopausal status influences ambulatory blood pressure levels and blood pressure changes during mental stress. Circulation 1993;88:2794-802.
19. Light KC, Brownley KA, Turner JR, Hinderliter AL, Girdler SS, Sherwood A, Anderson NB. Job status and high-effort coping influence work blood pressure in women and blacks. Hypertension 1995;25:554-9.
20. Blumenthal JA, Thyrum ET, Siegel WC. Contribution of job strain, job status and marital status to laboratory and ambulatory blood pressure in patients with mild hypertension. J Psychosom Res 1995;39:133-44.
21. Landsbergis PA, Schnall PL, Warren K, Pickering TG, Schwartz JE. The effect of job strain on ambulatory blood pressure in men: does it vary by socioeconomic status? Ann N Y Acad Sci 1999;896:414-6.
22. Matthews KA, Raikkonen K, Everson SA, Flory JD, Marco CA, Owens JF, Lloyd CE. Do the daily experiences of healthy men and women vary according to occupational prestige and work strain? Psychosom Med 2000;62:346-53.
23. Brandtstadter J, Baltes-Gotz B, Kirschbaum C, Hellhammer D. Developmental and personality correlates of adrenocortical activity as indexed by salivary cortisol: observations in the age range of 35 to 65 years. J Psychosom Res 1991;35:173-85.
24. Lupien SJ, King S, Meaney MJ, McEwen BS. Child's stress hormone levels correlate with mother's socioeconomic status and depressive state. Biol Psychiatry 2000;48:976-80.
25. Marmot MG, Davey Smith G, Stansfeld S, Patel C, North F, Head J, White I, Brunner E, Feeney A. Health inequalities among British civil servants: the Whitehall II study. Lancet 1991;337:1387-93.
26. Bosma H, Marmot MG, Hemingway H, Nicholson AC, Brunner E, Stansfeld SA. Low job control and risk of coronary heart disease in Whitehall II (prospective cohort) study. BMJ 1997;314:558-65.
27. Schulz P, Kirschbaum C, Pruessner J, Hellhammer D. Increased free cortisol secretion after awakening in chronically stressed individuals due to work overload. Stress Med 1998;14:91-7.
28. Wust S, Federenko I, Hellhammer DH, Kirschbaum C. Genetic factors, perceived chronic stress, and the free cortisol response to awakening. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2000;25:707-20.
29. Kario K, Schwartz JE, Pickering TG. Ambulatory physical activity as a determinant of diurnal blood pressure variation. Hypertension 1999;34:685-91.
30. Spiegel K, Leproult R, Van Cauter E. Impact of sleep debt on metabolic and endocrine function. Lancet 1999;354:143-9.
31. Edwards S, Evans P, Hucklebridge F, Clow A. Association between time of awakening and diurnal cortisol secretory activity. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2001;26:613-22.
32. Kamarck TW, Shiffman S, Smithline L, Goodie JL, Paty JA, Gnys M, Yi-Kuan Jong J. Effects of task strain, social conflict, and emotional activation on ambulatory cardiovascular activity: daily life consequences of recurring stress in a multiethnic adult sample. Health Psychol 1998;17:17-29.
33. Smyth J, Ockenfels MC, Porter L, Kirschbaum C, Hellhammer DH, Stone AA. Stressors and mood measured on a momentary basis are associated with salivary cortisol secretion. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1998;23:353-70.
34. Baumgart P, Kamp J. Accuracy of the SpaceLabs Medical 90217 ambulatory blood pressure monitor. Blood Press Monitoring 1998;3:303-7.
35. Dressendörfer RA, Kirschbaum C, Rohde W, Stahl F, Strasburger CJ. Synthesis of a cortisol-biotin conjugate and evaluation as a tracer in an immunoassay for salivary cortisol measurement. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1992;43:683-92.
36. Berardi L, Chau NP, Chanudet X, Vilar J, Larroque P. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: a critical review of the current methods to handle outliers. J Hypertension 1992;10:1243-8.
37. Kudielka BM, Broderick J, Kirschbaum C. Compliance with saliva sampling protocols: electronic monitoring reveals invalid cortisol daytime profiles in noncompliant subjects. Psychosom Med 2003;65:313-9.
38. Bouten CV, Westerterp KR, Verduin M, Janssen JD. Assessment of energy expenditure for physical activity using a triaxial accelerometer. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1994;26:1516-23.
39. Sherman WM, Morris DM, Kirby TE, Petosa RA, Smith BA, Frid DJ, Leenders N. Evaluation of a commercial accelerometer (Tritrac-R3 D) to measure energy expenditure during ambulation. Int J Sports Med 1998;19:43-7.
40. Schnall PL, Landsbergis PA, Baker D. Job strain and cardiovascular disease. Ann Rev Public Health 1994;15:381-411.
41. Steptoe A. Stress, social support and cardiovascular activity over the working day. Int J Psychophysiol 2000;37:299-308.
42. Colhoun HM, Hemingway H, Poulter NR. Socio-economic status and blood pressure: an overview analysis. J Hum Hypertens 1998;12:91-110.
43. McEwen BS. Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators. N Engl J Med 1998;338:171-9.
44. Steptoe A. Psychophysiological bases of disease. In: Johnston M, Johnston D, editors. Comprehensive clinical psychology. Vol 8. Health psychology. New York: Elsevier Science; 1998;39-78.
45. Elashoff JD. nQuery advisor, version 4.0. Cork, Ireland: Statistical Solutions Ltd; 2000.
46. Habib KE, Gold PW, Chrousos GP. Neuroendocrinology of stress. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2001;30:695-728.
47. Heim C, Ehlert U, Hellhammer DH. The potential role of hypocortisolism in the pathophysiology of stress-related bodily disorders. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2000;25:1-35.
48. Kirschbaum C, Wust S, Hellhammer D. Consistent sex differences in cortisol responses to psychological stress. Psychosom Med 1992;54:648-57.
49. Earle TL, Linden W, Weinberg J. Differential effects of harassment on cardiovascular and salivary cortisol stress reactivity and recovery in women and men. J Psychosom Res 1999;46:125-41.
50. Rohleder N, Schommer NC, Hellhammer DH, Engel R, Kirschbaum C. Sex differences in glucocorticoid sensitivity of proinflammatory cytokine production after psychosocial stress. Psychosom Med 2001;63:966-72.
51. Frankenhaeuser M, Lundberg U, Fredrikson M, Melin B, Tuomisto M, Myrsten A-L. Stress on and off the job as related to sex and occupational stress in white-collar workers. J Organ Behav 1989;10:321-46.