Patterns of genetic variability and population structure in the North Pacific squids Ommastrephes bartramii, Todarodes pacificus, and Berryteuthis magister

Bulletin of Marine Science

Volumn 71, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 383-420

  Katugin, O N ^a  

^a Pacific Fisheries Research Center   (Russian Federation)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CEPHALOPOD; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; GENETIC VARIATION; INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION; POPULATION STRUCTURE;

PACIFIC OCEAN;

BERRYTEUTHIS MAGISTER; CEPHALOPODA; INVERTEBRATA; OMMASTREPHES BARTRAMI; TODARODES PACIFICUS;

EID: 0038334913     PISSN: 00074977     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (129)

1. Alexeev, D. O. 1991. System, phylogeny, distribution, biology and perspectives of fishery for squid from the suborder Myopsida. Abstract for Ph.D. thesis. Moscow. 25 pp. (in Russian).
2. Ally, J. R. R. and S. C. Keck. 1978. A biochemical genetic population structure study of the market squid, Loligo opalescens, along the California coast. Cal. Dept. Fish Game Fish. Bull. 169: 113-121.
3. Augustyn, C. J. and W. S. Grant. 1988. Biochemical and morphological systematics of Loligo vulgaris vulgaris Lamark and Loligo vulgaris reynaudii D'Orbigny nov. comb. (Cephalopoda: Myopsida). Malacologia 29: 215-233.
4. Araya, H. 1987. Stock status of neon flying squid. Suisan-Gijyutsu-to-Keiei (Fisheries Technologies and Management), November 1987: 24-34. (in Japanese).
5. _, and O. Kaga. 1972. Distribution and migrations of Todarodes pacificus in the northern part of Japan Sea. Pages 144-153 In Studies on Japanese common squid (Todarodes pacificus Steenstrup). Technical council for Agriculture and Fisheries (Norin-Suisan Gijutsu Kaigi), Bull. no 57.
6. Arkhipkin, A. 1., V. A. Bizikov, V. V. Krylov and K. N. Nesis. 1996. Distribution, stock structure, and growth of the squid Berryteuthis magister (Berry, 1913) (Cephalopoda, Gonatidae) during summer and fall in the western Bering Sea. Fishery Bulletin 94: 1-30.
7. Ayala, F. J. 1983. Enzymes as taxonomic characters. Pages 3-26 in G. S. Oxford and D. Rollinson, eds. Protein polymorphism: adaptive and taxonomic significance. Academic Press, London and New York.
8. Avise, J. C. 1974. Systematic value of electrophoretic data. Syst. Zool. 23: 465-481.
9. _. 1994. Molecular markers, natural history and evolution. Chapman & Hall, U.S.A.
10. Baverstock, P. R. and C. Moritz. 1990. Sampling design. Pages 13-24 in D. M. Hillis and C. Moritz, eds. Molecular systematics. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.
11. Bernard, F. R. 1980. Preliminary report on the potential commercial squid of British Columbia. Can. Techn. Rpt. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 942: 51 p.
12. Bizikov, V. A. 1987. Recommendations to development of the Commander squid fishery in the northwestern Pacific and the state of its stocks. VNIRO, Moscow. 16 p. (in Russian).
13. Bower, J. R. 1996. Estimated paralarval drift and inferred hatching sites for Ommastrephes bartramii (Cephalopoda: Ommastrephidae) near the Hawaiian Archipelago. Fish. Bull., U.S. 94: 398-411.
14. _, and Y. Sakurai. 1996. Laboratory observations on Todarodes pacificus (Cephalopoda: Ommastrephidae) egg masses. Amer. Malacol. Bull. 13(1-2): 65-71.
15. _, Y. Nakamura, K. Mori, Y. Yamamoto, Y. Isoda and Y. Sakurai. 1999. Distribution of Todarodes paclficus (Cephalopoda: Ommastrephidae) paralarvae near the Kuroshio off southern Kyushu, Japan. Mar. Biol. 135(1): 99-106.
16. Brierley, A. S. 1992. Aspects of genetic diversity and population structure in squid. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. Liverpool (unpubl.).
17. _, P. G. Rodhouse, J. P. Thorpe and M. R. Clarke. 1993a. Genetic evidence of population heterogeneity and cryptic speciation in the ommastrephid squid Martialia hyadesi from the Patagonian shelf and Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone. Mar. Biol. 116(4): 593-602.
18. _, J. P. Thorpe, M. R. Clarke and H. R. Martins. 1993b. A preliminary biochemical genetic investigation of population structure of Loligo forbesi Steenstrup, 1856 from the British Isles and the Azores. Pages 61-69 in T. Okutani, R. K. O'Dor and T. Kubodera, eds. Recent advances in cephalopod fisheriesbiology. Tokai Univ. Press, Tokyo.
19. _ and _. 1994. Boichemical genetic evidence supporting the taxonomic separation of Loligo gahi from the genus Loligo. Antarctic Sci. 6(2): 143-148.
20. Buth, D. G. 1990. Genetic principles and the interpretation of electrophoretic data. Pages 1-21 in D. H. Whitmore, ed. Electrophoretic and isoelectric focusing techniques in fisheries management. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
21. Carvalho, G. R. and T. J. Pitcher. 1989. Biochemical genetic studies on the Patagonian squid Loligo gahi d'Orbigny. II. Population structure in Falkland waters using isizymes, morphometrics and life history data. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 126(3): 243-258.
22. _, A. Thompson and A. L. Stoner. 1992. Genetic diversity and population differentiation of the short-fin squid Illex argentinus in the southwest Atlantic. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 158: 105-121.
23. _, and Ch. M. Nigmatullin. 1998. Stock structure analysis and species identification. Pages 199-232 in P. G. Rodhouse, E. G. Dawe and R. K. O'Dor, eds. Squid recruitment dynamics. The genus Illex as a model, the commercial Illex species and influences on variability. FAO Fisheries Tech. Pap. no. 376. FAO, Rome.
24. Clayton, J. W. and D. N. Tretiak. 1972. Amino citrate buffers for pH control in starch-gel electrophoresis. J. Fisheries Res. Bd. Canada 29: 1169-1172.
25. Christofferson, J. P., A. Foss, W. E. Lambert and B. Welge. 1978. An electrophoretic study of select proteins from the market squid, Loligo opalescens. Berry. Cal. Dept. Fish Game Fish. Bull. 169: 123-133.
26. Davis, B. J. 1964. Disc electrophoresis. II. Method and application to human serum proteins. Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 121: 404-424.
27. Dolganova, N. T. and N. M. Mokrin. 1999. Feeding of Todarodes pacificus (Cephalopoda, Ommastrephidae) in the Sea of Japan in summer. Zool. J. 78(9): 1048-1058. (in Russian with English summary)
28. Dunning, M. C. 1988. Todarodes pacificus pusillus, new subspecies (Cephalopoda: Ommastrephidae) from northern Australia. Mem. Nat'l. Museum Victoria 49(1): 149-157.
29. Dunning, M. C. and J. H. Wormuth. 1995. The ommastrephid squid genus Todarodes: a review of systematics, distribution, and biology (Cephalopoda: Teuthoidea). Smithson. Contrib. Zool. 586(II): 385-391.
30. Fedorets, Yu, A. 1983. Seasonal distribution of the squid Berrvteuthis magister in the western Bering Sea, Pages 129-130 In Systematics and ecology of cephalopods. Zool. Inst. Acad. Sci. USSR, Leningrad. (in Russian).
31. _. 1986a. Biology and resources of the squid Berryteuthis magister (Gonatidae) in the waters around the Commander Islands. Pages 57-66 In Resources and fishery potentials of the squid of the world ocean. VNIRO, Moscow. (in Russian with English summary).
32. _. 1986b. Feeding rythms in the commander squid (Berryteuthis magister) in the western Bering Sea. Abstracts of Communications. IVth All-USSR Conf. Commercial Invertebrates, Sevastopol. Moscow: 158-159 (in Russian).
33. _. 1987. Biology and resources of the squid Berryteuthis magister off the Commander Islands. Pages 57-66 in B. G. Ivanov, ed. Resources and perspectives of the use of squids in the world ocean, VNIRO, Moscow. (in Russian with English summary).
34. _. 1991. Biology, distribution, resources and fishery of the Commander squid off the Kuril Islands. Pages 36-41 in Abstracts of Communications. Report session of TINRO and its branches on the results of investigations in 1990. TINRO, Vladivostok. (in Russian).
35. _, and O. A. Kozlova. 1986. Reproduction, fecundity, and abundance of the squid Berryteuthis magister (Gonatidae) in the Bering Sea. Pages 66-80 In Resources and the outlook for utilization of squid in the world ocean. VNIRO, Moscow. (in Russian).
36. _, V. A. Luchin, V. D. Didenko, P. P. Railko and N. E. Kravchenko. 1997. Conditions for development of aggregations of the squid Berryteuthis magister (Berry, 1913) near the Kurile Islands. Izvestiya TINRO-Centre 122: 374-392. (in Russian with English summary).
37. Fujio, Y. and G. Kawada. 1989. Genetic differentiation and variability in squids. Pages 508-523 In Population analysis of fishes and shell fishes using isozymes. Report on the pioneer study on identification of marine organisms populations in 1986-1988. Japan Fish. Resour. Conserv. Assoc., Tokyo. (in Japanese).
38. Garthwaite, R. L., C. J. Berg, Jr. and J. Harrigan. 1989. Population genetics of the common squid Loligo pealei LeSueur, 1821, from Cape Cod to Cape Hatteras. Biol. Bull. (Woods Hole) 177: 287-294.
39. Hamabe, M. and T. Shimizu. 1966. Ecological studies on the common squid, Todarodes pacificus Steenstrup, in the southeastern waters of the Japan Sea. Bull. Japan Sea Regional Res. Lab. 16: 13-55. (in Japanese with English summary).
40. Harris, H. and D. A. Hopkinson. 1976. Handbook for enzyme electrophoresis in human genetics. Oxford, North Holland.
41. Hatanaka, H., S. Kawahara, Y. Uozumi and S. Kasahara. 1985. Comparison of life cycles of five ommastrephid squids fished by Japan: Todarodes pacificus, Illex illecebrosus, Illex argentinus, Nototodarus sloanii sloanii and Nototodarus sloanii gouldi. NAFO Sci. Council Stud. 9: 59-68.
42. Hayase, S. 1995. Distribution of spawning grounds of flying squid, Ommastrephes bartramii, in the North Pacific Ocean. JARQ (Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences) 29(1): 65-72.
43. Hop, H. and A. J. Gharrett. 1989. Genetic Relationships of Arctic grayling in the Koyukuk and Tanana Rivers, Alaska. Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc. 118: 290-295.
44. Hubby, J. L. and R. C. Lewontin. 1966. A molecular approach to the study of genic heterozygosity in natural populations. I. The number of alleles at different loci in Drosophila pseudoobscura. Genetics 57: 577-594.
45. IUBNC (International Union of Biochemistry. Nomenclature Committee.). Enzyme Nomenclature. 1984. Academic Press, Orlando.
46. Kasahara, S., T. Nazumi, T. Shimizu and H. Hamabe. 1978. Contributions of biological information useful for development of inshore squid fishery in the Japan Sea. II. A note on reproduction and distribution of Berryteuthis magister (Berry) assumed from biological observations on trawl catches in the waters aroud the Oki Islands, Japan Sea. Bull. Japan Sea Regional Fish. Res. Lab. 29: 159-178. (in Japanese with English summary.)
47. Katugin, O. N. 1989. Biochemical polymorphism in the neon flying squid from the North Pacific. Pages 36-37 in Abstracts of communications. Biological resources of the shelf, their rational utilization and protection. TINRO, Vladivostok. (in Russian)
48. _. 1993. Genetic variation in the squid Berryteuthis magister (Berry, 1913) (Oegopsida: Gonatidae). Pages 201-213 In T. Okutani, R. K. O'Dor and T. Kubodera, eds. Recent advances in cephalopod fisheries biology. Tokai Univ. Press, Tokyo.
49. _. 1994. Allozyme variation as an indicator of intraspecific differentiation and population structure in several North Pacific squid. Page 17 In Abstract for the Symposium on the Behavior and Natural History of Cephalopods, June 1994, Napoli.
50. _. 1995. Genetic differentiation in Berryteuthis magister from the North Pacific. ICES Mar. Sci. Symp. 199: 459-467.
51. _. 1998. Commander squid Berryteuthis magister (Berry, 1913): intraspecific variation, spatial and taxonomic differentiation. Abstract for Ph.D. Thesis. Vladivostok. 23 p. (in Russian).
52. _. 1999. Intraspecific genetic variation and population differentiation of the squid Berryteuthis magister in the North Pacific Ocean. Russian J. Mar. Biol. 25(I): 34-45.
53. _. 2000a. A New subspecies of the schoolmaster gonate squid, Berryteuthis magister (Cephalopoda: Gonatidae), from the Japan Sea. The Veliger 43(1): 82-97.
54. _. 2000b. Studies of biochemical genetic population structure of the common squid (Todarodes pacificus Steenstrup, 1880) from the Japan Sea. I. Genetic variation of the species as revealed from protein electrophoresis. Ruthenica 10(1): 53-70.
55. _, and N. M. Mokrin. 2001. Studies of biochemical genetic population structure of the common squid (Todarodes pacificus Steenstrup, 1880) from the Japan Sea. II. Genetic differences between intraspecific seasonal cohorts. Ruthenica 11(1): 57-76.
56. Kidokoro, H. and R. Uji. Estimation on the age of Japanese common squid, Todarodes pacificus, cannibalized by their own species. Bull. Japan Sea National Fish. Res. Inst. 49: I23-I27. (in Japanese with English summary).
57. Kim, Y. H. 1993. Population analysis of the common squid, Todarodes pacificus Steenstrup in the Korean waters, Ph.D. Thesis. Dept. Marine Biology, Graduate School, National Fisheries Univ. Pusan. 106 p. (in Korean with English summary).
58. Kimura, M. 1953. "Stepping stone" model of population. Ann. Rpt. National Institute of Genetics, Japan. 3: 62-63.
59. Korzun, Yu. V., K. N. Nesis, Ch. M. Nigmatullin, A. A. Ostapenko and M. A. Pinchukov. 1979. New data on the distribution of squids, family Ommastrephidae, in the World Ocean. Oceanology 19(4): 729-733. (in Russian with English summary).
60. Kubodera, T. 1982. Ecological studies of pelagic squids in the Subarctic Pacific region. Doctoral thesis submitted to Hokkaido Univ., Faculty of Fisheries. 255 p. (in Japanese.)
61. _. 1992. Biological characteristics of the gonatid squid Berryteuthis magister (Cephalopoda: Oegopsida) off Northern Hokkaido, Japan. Mem. Nat'l. Sci. Mus., Tokyo 25: 111-123.
62. _. 1993. Upper bathyal Cephalopods off eastern Cape Erimo, Hokkaido, Japan. Mem. Nat'l. Sci. Mus., Tokyo 26: 83-88.
63. _, and K. Jefferts. 1984. Distribution and abundance of the early life stages of squid, primarily Gonatidae (Cephalopoda, Oegopsida), in the northern North Pacific, parts 1 and 2. Bull. Nat'l. Sci. Mus., Tokyo. Ser.A. 10(3): 91-106, 10(4): 165-193.
64. _, and K. Jefferts. 1984. Distribution and abundance of the early life stages of squid, primarily Gonatidae (Cephalopoda, Oegopsida), in the northern North Pacific, parts 1 and 2. Bull. Nat'l. Sci. Mus., Tokyo. Ser.A. 10(3): 91-106, 10(4): 165-193.
65. _, and T. Okutani. 1981. The systematics and identification of larval cephalopods from the northern North Pacific. Research Institute of the North Pacific Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries, Hokkaido Univ. 30(1-2): 1-49.
66. Kubota, S. and A. Kawabata. 1996. Mantle length composition of Japanese flying squid, Todarodes pacificus Steenstrup, and fluctuations of the migrant stock size around the north Sanricu coast of Honshu, Japan. Bull. Tohoku Nat'l. Fish. Res. Inst. 58: 119-135 (in Japanese with English summary).
67. May, B. and C. C. Krueger. 1990. Use of allozyme data for population analysis. Pages 158-171 in D. H. Whitmore, ed. Electrophoretic and isoelectric focusing techniques in fisheries management. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
68. Morizot, D. C. and M. E. Schmidt. 1990. Starch gel electrophoresis and histochemical visualization of proteins. Pages 24-80 in D. H. Whitmore, ed. Electrophoretic and isoelectric focusing techniques in fisheries management. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
69. Murakami, K., Y. Watanabe and J. Nakata, 1981. Growth, distribution and migration of flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii) in the North Pacific. Research Institute of North Pacific Fisheries, Hokkaido Univ., Spec. Publ. 161-179 (in Japanese with English summary).
70. Murata, M. 1989. Population assessment, management and fishery forecasting for the Japanese common squid, Todarodes pacificus. Pages 613-636 in J. R. Caddy, eds. Marine invertebrate fisheries - their asssessment and management. J. Wiley and Sons, New York.
71. _. 1990. Oceanic resources of squids. Marine Behav. Physiol. 18: 19-71.
72. _, and S. Hayase. 1993. Life history and biological information on flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii) in the North Pacific Ocean. Bull. Internat'l. Nat'l. North Pacific Committee 53: 147-182.
73. Murayama, T., Y. Hiyama, and S. Kasahara. 1993. Why autumn is the main spawning season of the common squid in the Japan Sea? Bull. Japan Sea Nat'l. Fish. Res. Inst, 43: 93-103.
74. Naito, M., K. Murakami, T. Kobayashi, N. Nakayama and J. Ogasawara. 1977. Distribution and migration of oceanic squids (Ommastrephes bartrami, Onychoteuthis borealijaponicus, Berryteuthis magister and Gonatopsis borealis) in the Western Subarctic Pacific region. Res. Inst. North Pacific Faculty of Fisheries, Hokkaido Univ., Spec. Vol. 321-337. (in Japanese with English summary.)
75. Natsukari, Y., H. Mukai, S. Nakahama and T. Kubodera. 1993. Age and growth estimation of a gonatid squid, Berryteuthis magister, based on statolith microstructure (Cerhalopoda: Gonatidae). Pages 351-364 in T. Okutani, R. K. O'Dor and T. Kubodera, eds. Recent advances in cephalopod fisheries biology. Tokai Univ. Press, Tokyo.
76. Nasu, K., T. Okutani and M. Ogura, eds. 1991. Squids and cuttlefish, from its biology to consumption. Tokyo, Seizano Syoten. (in Japanese).
77. Nazumi, T., S. Kasahara and M. Hamabe. 1979. Contribution of biological information useful for development of inshore squid fishery in the Japan Sea III. Supplements and amendments to the previous paper on reproduction and distribution of Berryteuthis magister (Berry). Bull. Japan Sea Reg. Fish. Res. Lab. 30: 1-14. (in Japanese with English summary)
78. Nei, M. 1972. Genetic distance between populations. Amer. Nat. 106: 283-292.
79. _. 1987. Molecular evolutionary genetics. Columbia Univ. Press, New York.
80. Nesis, K. N. 1985. Oceanic cephalopods: distribution, life forms, evolution. Moscow, Nauka. 287 p. (in Russian).
81. _. 1995. Population dynamics of the Commander squid, Berryteuthis magister (Berry) in the western Bering Sea during the autumn spawning season. Ruthenica 5(1): 55-69.
82. _. 1998. The gonatid squid Berryteuthius magister (Berry, 1913): distribution, bology, ecological connections, and fisheries. Pages 233-249 in T. Okutani, ed. Contributed Papers to Int'l. Symp. on Large Pelagic Squids, July 18-19, 1996. JAMARC, Tokyo.
83. O'Dor, R. K. and E. G. Dawe. 1998. Illex illecebrosus. Pages 77-104 in P. G. Rodhouse, E. G., Dawe and R. K. O'Dor, eds. Squid recruitment dynamics. The genus Illex as a model. The commercial Illex species. Influences on variability. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. no. 376. FAO, Rome.
84. Okiyama, M. 1993a. Kinds, abundance and distribution of the oceanic squids in the Japan Sea. Pages 403-415 in T. Okutani, R. K. O'Dor and T. Kubodera, eds. Recent advances in cephalopod fisheries biology. Tokai Univ. Press, Tokyo.
85. _. 1993b. Why do gonatid squid Berryteuthis magister lose tentacles on maturation? Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59(1): 61-65.
86. Okutani, T. 1968. Studies on early life history of decapoden Mollusca - III. Bull. Tokai Reg. Fish. Res. Lab. 41: 23-29.
87. _. 1969. Studies on early life history of decapoden Mollusca - IV. Bull. Tokai Reg. Fish. Res. Lab. 55: 9-57.
88. _. 1983. Todarodes pacificus. Pages 201-214 in P. R. Boyle, ed. Cephalopod life cycles, vol I: Species accounts. London e.a., Academic Press.
89. _. 1988. Evidence of spawning of Berryteuthis magister in the northeastern Pacific. Bull. Ocean Res. Inst., Univ. Tokyo 26(I): 193-200.
90. _, H. Tagawa and H. Horikawa. 1987. Cephalopods from continental shelf and slope around Japan. Japanese Fish Resour. Conserv. Assoc.
91. _, T. Kubodera, and K. Jefferts. 1988. Diversity, distribution and ecology of gonatid squids in the subarctic Pacific: a review. Bull. Ocean Res. Inst., Univ. Tokyo 26(1): 159-192.
92. Osako, M. and M. Murata 1983. Stock assessment of cephalopod resources in the northwestern Pacific. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 231: 55-82.
93. Peacock, A. C., S. L. Bunting, and K. G. Queen. 1965. Serum protein electrophoresis in acrylamide gel: patterns from normal human subjects. Science 147: 1451-1455.
94. Pierce, G. J., L. C. Hastie, A. Guerra, R. S. Thorpe, F. G. Howard and P. R. Boyle. 1994. Morphometric variation in Loligo forbesi and Loligo vulgaris: regional, seasonal, maturity and worker differences. Fish. Res. 21: 127-148.
95. Railko, P. P. 1983. Biology and distribution of the Commander squid, Berryteuthis magister, in the area off the Kurile Islands. Pages 97-98 in Ya. I. Starobogatov and K. N. Nesis, eds. Taxonomy and ecology of cephalopods. Zool. Inst. US SR Acad. Sciences, Leningrad. (in Russian).
96. Rogers, J. S. 1972. Measures of genetic similarity and genetic distance. Pages 145-153 In Studies in genetics, 7. Univ. Texas Publications, Austin. No. 72: 13.
97. Saito, H. and T. Kubodera. 1993. Distribution of ommastrephid rhynchoteuthion paralarvae (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) in the Kuroshio Region. Pages 457-466 in T. Okutani, R. K. O'Dor and T. Kubodera, eds. Recent advances in cephalopod fisheries biology. Tokai Univ. Press, Tokyo.
98. Sakurai, Y., H. Kiyofuji and S. Saitoh. 1997. The effect of changing environmental regimes on Todarodes pacificus populations: a possible scenario. Pages 80-81 In Cephalopod biodiversity, ecology and evolution. CIAC'97 Int'l. Symp. and Workshops, Cape Town, South Africa. Programmes and Abstracts.
99. _, J. R. Bower, H. Kiyofuji, S. Saitoh, T. Goto, Y. Hiyama, K. Mori and Y. Nakamura. 1999. Reproductive strategy of the ommastrephid squid Todarodes pacificus related to stock fluctuations and climatic changes. Pages 148-155 in M. Terazaki, K. Ohtani, T. Sugimoto and Y. Watanabe, eds. Ecosystem dynamics of the Kuroshio-Oyashio Transition Region.
100. Shaklee, J. B., F. W. Allendorf, D. C. Morizot and G. S. Whitt. 1990. Gene nomenclature for protein-coding loci in fish. Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc. 119: 2-15.
101. Shaw, C. R. and R. Prasad. 1970. Starch gel electrophoresis of enzymes - a compilation of recipes. Biochem. Genetics 4: 297-320.
102. Shevtsov, G. A. 1978. Pacific squid Todarodes pacificus Steenstrup, 1880 of the northwestern Pacific Ocean (biology, distribution, state of stock). Abstract of Ph.D. Thesis. Vladivostok. 25 p. (in Russian).
103. _. 1988. Commander squid (Berryteuthis magister) of the Kita-yamato Bank in the USSR economic zone of the Japan Sea. Abstracts of Communications. Resources and biological basis of rational use of commercial invertebrates. All-USSR Conf. Vladivostok 78-79. (in Russian)
104. Shevtsova, S. P., A. P. Brestkin, K. N. Nesis and E. V. Rosengart. 1977. On th identity of properties of the optic ganglia cholinesterases in the squid Ommastrephes bartrami from the South Atlantic and the Great Australian Bight. Oceanology 17(6): 1102-1106. (in Russian with English summary)
105. _ and _. 1979. Differences in the properties of the ocular ganglia cholinesterases in the squid Ommastrephes bartrami (Les.) as an indicator of the isolation of populations from different parts of the disjunct range. Oceanology 19(3): 481-486. (in Russian with English summary)
106. Shuntov, V. P., I. V. Volvenko, A. F. Volkov, K. M. Gorbatenko, S. Yu. Shershenkov and A. N. Starovoitov. 1998. New data about condition of pelagic ecosystems of the Okhotsk and Japan Seas. Izvestiya TINRO-Centre 124(1): 139-177. (in Russian with English summary)
107. Smith, P. J. and Y. Fujio. 1982. Genetic variation in marine teleosts: high variability in habitat specialists and low variability in habitat generalists. Mar. Biol. 69(1): 7-20.
108. _, R. H. Mattlin, M. A. Roeleveld and T. Okutani. 1987. Arrow squids of the genus Nototodarus in New Zealand waters: systematics, biology, and fisheries. New Zealand J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 21(2): 315-326.
109. Sneath, P. H. A. and R. R. Sokal. 1973. Numerical taxonomy. W. H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco.
110. Sokal R. R. and F. J. Rohlf. 1981. Biometry, 2nd ed. San Francisco, W. H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco.
111. Spencer, N., D. A. Hopkinson and H. Harris. 1964. Phosphoglucomutase polymorphism in man. Nature 204: 742-745.
112. Swofford, D. L. and R. B. Selander. 1981. BIOSYS-1: a FORTRAN program for the comprehensive analysis of electrophoretic data in population genetics and systematics. J. Heredity 72: 281-283.
113. _ and _. 1989. BIOSYS-1: A computer program for the analysis of allelic variation in population genetics and biochemical systematics. Release 1.7. - D.L. Swofford. Champaign, Illinois, Illinois Nat. Hist. Surv. 43 p.
114. Tsygankov, V. Yu. 1987. Polymorphic protein systems of squids, and the analysis of intraspecific differentiation of Illex argentinus Castellanos. Pages 243-251 in Genetic Investigations of marine organisms. USSR Ministry of Fisheries, VNIRO, Moscow. (in Russian with English summary)
115. Wahlund, S. 1928. Zusammensetzung von Populationen und Korelationseschiienungen vom Standtpunkt der Vererbungslehre aus betrachtet. Hereditas 11: 65-106
116. Waples, R. S. 1987. A multispecies approach to the analysis of gene flow in marine shore species. Evolution 41(2): 385-400.
117. Wright, S. 1943. Isolation by distance. Genetics 28: 114-138.
118. _. 1965. The inerpretation of population structure by F-statistics with special regard to systems of mating. Evolution 19: 355-420.
119. _. 1978. Evolution and the genetics of populations, vol.4. Variability within and among natural populations. Univ. Chicago Press. 580 p.
120. Yatsu, A. 1992. Distribution of flying squid, Ommastrephes bartramii, in the North Pacific based on a jigging survey, 1976-83. Bull. Nat'l. Res. Inst. Fisheries Committee 53: 5-19. (in Japanese with English summary)
121. _, K. Hiramatsu and S. Hayase. 1993. Outline of the Japanese squid driftnet fishery with notes on bycatch. Bull. Nat'l. Res. Inst. Fisheries Committee 53: 5-19.
122. _, and T. Watanabe. 1996. Interannual variability in neon flying squid abundance and oceanographic conditions in the central North Pacific, 1982-92. Bull. Nat'l. Res. Inst. Far Seas Fisheries 33: 123-138.
123. _, H. Tanaka, and J. Mori. 1998. Population structure of the neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartramii, in the North Pacific Ocean. Pages 31-48 in T. Okutani, ed. Large pelagic squids. Japan Mar. Fish. Resour. Res. Cent., Tokyo.
124. Yeatman, J. M. and J. A. H. Benzie. 1993. Cryptic speciation in Loligo from Northern Australia. Pages 641-652 in T. Okutani, R. K. O'Dor and T. Kubodera, eds. Recent advances in cephalopod fisheries biology. Tokai Univ. Press, Tokyo.
125. _ and _. 1994. Genetic structure and distribution of Photololigo spp. in Australia. Mar. Biol. 118(1): 79-87.
126. Yokawa, K. 1994. Allozyme differentiation of sixteen species of ommastrephid squid (Mollusca, Cephalopoda). Antarctic Sci. 6(2): 201-204.
127. Young, R. E. and J. Hirota. 1990. Description of Ommastrephes bartramii (Cephalopoda: Ommastrephidae) paralarvae with evidence for spawning in Hawaiian waters. Pacif. Sci. 44(1): 71-80.
128. Yuuki, Y. and H. Kitazawa. 1986. Berryteuthis magister in the southwestern Japan Sea. Bull. Japanese Soc. Scientific Fish. 52(4): 665-672. (in Japanese with English summary)
129. Zakhvatkin, Yu. A. 1975. Embryology of insects. "Vysshaya Shkola", Moscow. (in Russian).